Florida admitted as territory / state:
From UNITED STATES v FLORIDA, 4 L ed 2d, 1096, 1107-8:
The territory which now comprises the State of Florida was originally acquired by England from France and Spain by the Treaty of Paris of February 10, 1763. (15 Parliamentary History of England, 1291, 1296, 1301). By the proclamation of October 7, 1763 (2 White, A collection of Laws, Charters, and Local Ordinances of Great Britain, France and Spain (1839), 292), King George III divided the acquired territory into East and West Florida. East Florida was declared to be "bounded to the westward by the Gulf of Mexico and the Apalachicola river . . . and to the east and south by the Atlantic ocean and the gulf of Florida, including all islands within six leagues of the sea coast." West Florida was declared to be "bounded to the southward by the gulf of Mexico, including all islands within six leagues of the coast, from the river Apalachicola to Lake Pontchartrain . . . ."
By the Treaty of Versailles of September 3, 1783, England ceded to Spain the territory described merely as "East Florida, as also West Florida." (39 Journal of the House of Commons 722, 723). By the Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits of February 22, 1819, Spain ceded to the United States "all territories which belonged to [Spain], situated to the eastward of the Mississippi, known by the name of East and West Florida" (8 Stat. 252, 254; The Treaty also provided: "The adjacent islands dependent on said provinces, all public lots and squares, vacant lands, public edifices, fortifications, barracks, and other buildings, which are not private property, archives and documents, which relate directly to the property and sovereignty of said provinces, are included in this article.") Both the Act establishing Florida as a Territory (3 Stat 654), and the Act admitting it to the Union (5 Stat 742), describe it in terms of the territories of East and West Florida ceded by the Treaty of 1819.
[5 Stat. 742.]
Statute II.
Chap. XLVII.--An Act for the admission of the states of Iowa and Florida into the Union.
Whereas, the people of the Territory of Iowa did, on the seventh day of October, eighteen hundred and fourty-four, by a convention of delegates called and assembled for that purpose, form for themselves a constitution and State government; and whereas, the people of the Territory of Florida did, in like manner, by their delegates, on the eleventh day of January, eighteen hundred and thirty-nine, form for themselves a constitution and State government [Act of March 3, 1845, ch. 75 and ch 76.], both of which said constitutions are republican; and said conventions having asked the admission of their respective Territories into the Union as States, on equal footing with the original States:
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the States of Iowa and Florida be, and the same are hereby, declared to be States of the United States of America, and are hereby admitted into the Union on equal footing with the original States, in all respects whatsoever.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the following shall be the boundaries of the said State of Iowa, to wit: Beginning at the mount of the Des Moines river, at the middle of the Mississippi, thence by the middle of the channel of that river to a parallel of latitude passing through the mouth of the Mankato, or Blue-Earth river, thence west along said parallel of latitude to a point where it is intersected by a meridian line, seventeen degrees and thirty minutes west of the meridian of Washington city, thence due south of the northern boundary line of the State of Missouri, thence eastwardly following that boundary to the point at which the same intersects the Des Moines river, thence by the middle of the channel of that river to the place of beginning.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said State of Iowa shall have concurrent jurisdiction on the river Mississippi, and every other river bordering on the said State of Iowa, so far as the said rivers shall form a common boundary to said State, and any other State or States now or hereafter to be formed or bounded by the same: Such rivers to be common to both: And that the said river Mississippi, and the navigable waters leading in to the same, shall be common highways, and forever free as well to the inhabitants of said State, as to all other citizens of the United States, without any tax, duty, impost, or toll therefor, imposed by the said State of Iowa.
SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That it is made and declared to be a fundamental condition of the admission of said State of Iowa into the Union, that so much of this act as relates to the said State of Iowa shall be assented to by a majority of the qualified electors at their township elections, in the manner and at the time prescribed in the sixth section of the thirteenth article of the constitution adopted at Iowa city the first day of November, anno Domini eighteen hundred and fourty-four, or by the legislature of said State. And as soon as such assent shall be given, the President of the United States shall announce the same by proclamation; and therefrom and without further proceedings on the part of Congress the admission of the State of Iowa into the Union, on an equal footing in all respects whatsoever with the original States, shall be considered as complete.
SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That said State of Florida shall embrace the territories of East and West Florida, which by treaty of amity, settlement and limits between the United States and Spain, on the twenty-second day of February, eighteen hundred and nineteen, were ceded to the United States.
SEC 6. And be it further enacted, That until the next census and apportionment shall be made, each of said States of Iowa and Florida shall be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of the United States.
SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That said States of Iowa and Florida are admitted into the Union on the express condition that they shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the public lands lying within them, nor levy any tax on the same whilst remaining the property of the United States: Provided, That the ordinance of the convention that formed the constitution of Iowa, and which is appended to the said constitution, shall not be deemed or taken to have any effect or validity, or to be recognised as in any manner obligatory upon the Government of the United States.
APPROVED, March 3, 1845.
[5 Stat. 788.]
Statute II.
CHAP. LXXV.--An Act supplemental to the act for the admission of Florida and Iowa into the Union, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, That in consideration of the concessions made by the State of Florida in respect to the public lands [Act of June 3, 1845, ch. 48.], there be granted to the said State eight entire sections of land for the purpose of fixing their seat of Government; also, section number sixteen in every township, or other lands equivalent thereto, for the use of the inhabitants of such township, for the support of public schools; also, two entire townships of land, in addition to the two townships already reserved, for the use of two seminaries of learning--one to be located east, and the other west of the Suwannee river; also, five per centum of the net proceeds of the sale of lands within said State, which shall be hereafter sold by Congress, after deducting all expenses incident to the same; and which said net proceeds shall be applied by said State for the purpose of education.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That all the laws of the United States which are not locally inapplicable, shall have the same force and effect within the said State of Florida, as elsewhere within the United States.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said State shall compose one district, to be called the district of Florida. And a district court shall be held in said district, to consist of one judge who shall reside within the district to which he is appointed, and be called a district judge; and shall in all things have and exercise the same jurisdiction and powers which were by law given to the judge of the Kentucky district under an act entitled An act to establish the judicial courts of the United States [Act of Sept. 24, 1789, ch. 20, sec. 10.], the said judge shall appoint a clerk at the place at which a court is holden within the district, who shall reside and keep the records of the court at the place of holding same; and shall receive, for the services he may perform, the same fees to which the clerk of the Kentucky district is entitled for similar services.
SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That the judge of the district of Florida shall hold extra sessions at any time when the public interest may, in his opinion, require the same.
SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the judge of the district of Florida shall hold one session annually at the following places, to wit: at Tallahassee, on the first Monday of January; at St. Augustine, on the first Monday in April; and at Key West, on the first Monday in August.
SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That there shall be allowed to the judge aforesaid, an annual compensation of two thousand dollars, to commence from the date of his appointment, to be paid quarter-yearly at the treasury of the United States.
SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That there shall be appointed in said district a person learned in law, to act as attorney for the United States; who shall in addition to his stated fees, be paid by the United States, two hundred dollars, as a full compensation for all extra services.
SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That a marshal shall be appointed in said district, who shall perform the said duties, be subject to the same regulations and penalties, and be entitled to the same fees as are prescribed to marshals in other districts; and shall moreover, be entitled to the sum of two hundred dollars anually as a compensation for all extra services. And that the salary of the district judges of the district courts of the districts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Missouri, shall hereafter be, one thousand five hundred dollars per annum.
APPROVED, March 3, 1845.
[5 Stat. 789.]
Statute II.
CHAP. LXXVI.--An Act supplemental to the act for the admission of the States of Iowa and Florida into the Union. [Has nothing to do with the State of Florida.]
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, That the laws of the United States, which are not locally inapplicable, shall have the same force and effect within the State of Iowa as elsewhere within the United States.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That
SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That
SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That
SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That
APPROVED, March 3, 1845.
Florida suceded in 1861.
ORDINANCES. [1861]
Ordinance of Secession
We, the People of the State of Florida, in Convention assembled, do solemnly ordain, publish and declare,
That the State of Florida hereby withdraws herslef from the Confederacy of States existing under the name of the United States of America, and from the existing government of siad United States; and that all political connection between her and the government of said States ought to be and the same is hereby totally annulled and said Union of States dissolved, and the State of Florida is hereby declared a sovereign and independent Nation; and that all ordinances heretofore adopted, in so far as they create of recognize said Union, are rescinded, and all laws or parts of laws in force in this State, in so far as they recognize or assent to said Union, be and they are hereby repealed.
Done in open Convention, January 10th, 1861.
Florida lost the Civil War.
Florida suceded in 1870??.
The Legislature of Florida adjourned sine die in 1870.
JOINT RESOLUTIONS. [1870]
JOINT RESOLUTION Relative to Adjournment Sine Die.
Resolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of Florida adjourn, sine die, June 4, 1870.
Adopted June 3, 1870.
Look carefully at this 1870(??) ordinance; even though there is an attempt to veil it as a repeal and an inclusion of the 1861 ordinance of secession, it is plain the section 2 is indeed another ordinance of secession. This is apparent not only from the form of the ordinance but that the new ordinance is different by the addition of two commas (underlined with preceeding word).
ORDINANCES. [1870??]
SEC. 1. The ordinance adopted by the people assembled on the 10th day of Janusary, A. D. 1861, and known as the Ordinance of Secession, is hereby declared null and void.
Ordinance declaring Ordinance of Secession null and void.
ORDINANCE OF SECESSION
SEC. 2. We, the People of the State of Florida, in Convention assembled, do solemnly ordain, publish and declare, That the State of Florida hereby withdraws herslef from the Confederacy of States existing under the name of the United States of America, and from the existing government of siad United States; and that all political connection between her and the government of said States ought to be, and the same is hereby totally annulled and said Union of States dissolved, and the State of Florida is hereby declared a sovereign and independent Nation; and that all ordinances heretofore adopted, in so far as they create of recognize said Union, are rescinded, and all laws or parts of laws in force in this State, in so far as they recognize or assent to said Union, be, and they are hereby repealed.
Done in open Convention, January 10th, 1861.
SEC 3. [remainder omitted.]
Florida was readmitted to representation in Congress.
From UNITED STATES v FLORIDA, 4 L ed 2d, 1096, 1105:
Certainly the Act of readmission (Act of June 25, 1868, 15 Stat 73), . . . is entitled merely as "An Act to admit . . . Florida, to Representation in Congress," not as an act to admit it to the Union. Cf. White v Hart, supra ((US) 13 Wall at 652).
From UNITED STATES v FLORIDA, 4 L ed 2d, 1096, 1106:
In sum, I believe the conclusion inescapable that all that Congress can properly be taken to have done in readmitting Florida was to declare that nothing in the State's new constitution disqualified its Senators and Representatives from taking their seats in Congress.
The South's History has been supressed
CHAPTER 6939--(No. 133).
AN ACT Providing a Method for securinga Correct History of the United States, Including a True and Correct History of the Confederacy, and Making an Appropriation for Such Purpose.
Whereas, No book called History, which does not tell the truth or withholds it, is worthy of the name or should be taught in public schools; and,
Whereas, The South is rich in historical facts which are either ignored or never mentioned in the so-called histories taught in our schools; and,
Whereas The historical facts so omitted should be taught the pupils in our public schools and would be elevating to students in any land; and,
Whereas, The Southern States have been derelict in their duty to posterity in not having provided for past and future generation a history that is fair, just and impartial to all sections; therefore,
Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
Section 1. The amount of One Thousand Five Hundred ($1,500.00) Dollars is hereby appropriated as Florida's share of a fund of Sixteen Thousand Five Hundred ($16,500.00) Dollars to be offered as a prize to the person who shall write the best History of the United States in which the truth about the participation in such History of the eleven States designated as follows: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Tennessee. The awarding of this prize of Sixteen Thousand Five Hundred ($16,500.00) Dollars shall be made by a Commission appointed by the Governors of the States enumerated: Provided, that this appropriation shall not be available until each of the States enumerated, or a majority of the States enumerated, shall provide an appropriation of an equal amount for this purpose.
Sec. 2. The Governor is hereby directed to communicate with the Governors of the several States named herein, looking to the carrying out of the provisions of this Act.
Approved June 3, 1915.