During the first joint program workshop held in Tucson on February 28-30, 2003, the national air and fire programs made the significant commitment at the staff level to work together closely to achieve the objectives of the National Fire Plan (NFP) and the Comprehensive Strategy (CS). For this commitment to yield tangible results, considerable individual leadership will be necessary to change attitudes, develop policies, acquire tools, and implement meaningful and integrated working relationships. For this workshop to mean anything, there must be a true paradigm shift; away from the belief that air quality is a barrier to fuels reduction and towards an attitude that incorporates effective smoke management into the fabric of the fire culture; away from the belief that smoke is an air program issue and toward the acceptance of smoke management as an agency-wide issue; and away from passive management interest toward smoke management and toward fully committed and supportive involvement.