The following is adapted from uggabugga.

• nuclear program flourished
• military and intelligence forces were working closely with the U.S. to repel Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

• signed the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
• opened of most of its nuclear sites to international inspection

• North Koreans were reprocessing more spent fuel than they had declared
• Might have separated enough plutonium to fabricate one or two nuclear weapons

• Stop the nuclear-weapons program.
• Obtain economic aid and the construction of two light-water nuclear reactors

(As outlined in CIA
report below. Unclear
when U.S. intelligence
first knew about these
activities.)

• Economy had foundered
• "No more money" to pay for North Korean missile support
• Paid for missile systems in part by sharing its nuclear-weapons secrets
  • Provided data on how to build and test a uranium-triggered nuclear weapon
  • Helped North Korea conduct a series of "cold tests," simulated nuclear explosions, using natural uranium, which are necessary to determine whether a nuclear device will detonate properlyGave the North Korean intelligence service advice on from American satellites and U.S. and South Korean intelligence agents.
• Centrifuges:
  • Sent prototypes of high-speed centrifuge machines
  • "Chopped many years off" the North Korean development process
  • With a few thousand centrifuges, could have enough fissile material to manufacture two or three warheads a year
  • Pakistani centrifuges:
    • Slim cylinders, roughly six feet in height, that could be shipped "by the hundreds"

National
Intellegence
Estimate

• Separate and contradictory estimates from C.I.A., the Pentagon, the State Department, and the Department of Energy regarding the number of warheads that North Korea might have been capable of making
• Provided no consensus on whether or not the Pyongyang regime is actually producing them
• Predicted that North Korea, if confronted with the evidence of unanium-enrichment program:
  • Would not risk an open break with the 1994 agreement
  • Would do nothing to violate the nonproliferation treaty

Bush Administration would continue providing North Korea with:

• Shipments of heavy fuel oil
• Nuclear technology for the two promised energy-generating reactors

• Flew to Pyongyang with a large entourage for a showdown over the uranium-enrichment program
• Kelly authorized to tell the Koreans that the U.S. had learned about the illicit uranium program
• No room for Kelly to negotiate.
• Scripted message:
  • Written in the N.S.C."-the National Security Council-"by hard-liners.
  • North Korea must stop the program before any negotiations could take place
• Former intelligence official: "When it came time to confront North Korea, we had no plan, no contact-nothing to negotiate with. ... but we let it all fall apart."

• Seemed to confirm the charge when he responded by insisting upon his nation's right to develop nuclear weapons.
• Sccused the United States of "threatening North Korea's survival"
• Produced a list of the United States' alleged failures to meet its own obligations under the 1994 agreement
• Offered to shut down the enrichment program in return for:
  • An American promise not to attack
  • A commitment to normalize relations

• Expelled international inspectors
• Renounced the nonproliferation treaty
• Threatened to begin reprocessing spent nuclear fuel
• Insisted on direct talks with the Bush Administration

• Agreed to consider renewed American aid in return for a commitment by North Korea to abandon its nuclear program
• Still resisting direct negotiations with the Kim Jong Il government