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     Food surveilance of raw
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The following Executive Summary, Summary of and Supplemental Report In Favor Of Raw Milk were the documents that were ultimately responsible for changing the Los Angeles County law that allowed Grade A raw milk.  Click here to see all of the documents that we constructed and submitted before and after the Executive Summary, Summary of and Supplemental Report In Favor Of Raw Milk, including demonstration signs.

Executive Summary – 3/8/2001 – to:  LA County Board of Supervisors – page  1  of  3

TO: Each Los Angeles County Board of Supervisor
 
 

SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN PETITION TO UPHOLD UNANIMOUSLY PASSED VOTE IN FAVOR OF GRADE A AND GUARANTEED RAW MILK TO CONFORM TO CALIFORNIA STATE CODE

FACTS

On December 8, 2000, LA County Department of Health Services (“DHS”) ordered Claravale raw milk off of healthfood store shelves.  Many consumers called and faxed the Board of Supervisors and The Department of Health, and vigorously complained.  On December 19, 2000 the Board approved a motion by Mayor Antonovich, instructing the Director of DHS and County Counsel to align the County ordinance with State Code, thus permitting the sale of Grade A and Guaranteed raw milk. .

Pursuant to an amended order by Supervisor Yaroslavsky, the DHS submitted its Report On Raw Milk, Grading, Testing and Public Health Implications (“DHS Report”), January 2001.  The DHS Report contains prejudicial, unsubstantiated, misleading and inaccurate content designed to intentionally (malice), unreasonably (unlawfully & in bad faith) and illegally obstruct (Equal Protection) and deny (Equal Protection & Right to Choose) access (RICO) and eliminate raw milk.  Having considered the DHS Report, Director Mark Finucane recommends that the excessive certification procedures for current raw-milk “hold and test”(for each milking, 2 milkings per day) be maintained for 12 months while DHS recommends to the State a “hold and test” for each milking procedure, rather than allow for immediate conformity to State code.  These procedures are so costly that any small dairy would not remain in business for long.  Claravale would be unable to produce raw milk. This certification procedure drove Alta-Dena to abandon its production of Stueve’s (their raw milk subsidiary), leaving Claravale the only raw milk dairy left in California.

Legal Merits

Fraudulent efforts to eliminate raw milk have been ongoing since World War II (see SR History p. 22,23,24), when the push for pasteurization was undertaken. Although It has been extensively countered by scientific study findings, Medical Journal reports, and “high risk” group consumers clinical experience (see SR), the Department of Health Services “official” bias towards it has illegally remained.

1) In the last decade, Four Los Angeles County Medical Milk Commissioners raised raw milk certification standards unreasonably, prejudicially and discriminatively high: (SR, p.29, last

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Executive Summary –  page  2  of  3
 

par; Exh. C, par 2; Exh. J, par. 1; Exh. K, par. 5,7.)  Too often, the milk did not pass the excessive standards and the raw dairy producers were forced out of business, leaving LA County residence without raw milk. — “It is the policy of this State to promote, foster and encourage the intelligent production and orderly marketing of commodities necessary to its residents…” (13 Cal.2d at pp. 626-627, 91 P.2d 577.)
2) Los Angeles County consumers, mostly in the “high risk” group, have been successfully using raw milk to reverse medical conditions of serious and critical illnesses either not responsive or due to side affects of regular treatment with drugs, surgery, and radiation. Some were sentenced to die as incurable.  Most of them have been consuming Claravale raw milk for the entire time that tests showed bacterial and pathogen counts in the raw milk, were considerably beyond what is unscientifically “speculated to be safe.” None of the “high risk” consumers got sick from the raw milk for that 16-month period, instead their conditions greatly improved, or completely recovered. Many of this group are Petitioners on the Raw Milk Agenda, available for testimony, but were not allowed to speak at the hearing.
3) It is without merit to claim the High Risk group is at any greater risk than with Pasteurized milk consumption. There is evidence to the contrary (SR, p.4,  I-III; 7-9.)
4) It is without merit to raise the concern “substantially higher risk of serious infections, and some of which can be transmitted to other”, when there is no substantial empirical scientific evidence to substantiate this claim.
5) It is prejudicial to claim there are no known health benefits to raw milk consumption when extensive scientific study findings exist: DHS Report (p.5, par 6.) states, “A review of the literature found no scientific study which demonstrates medical or health benefits of raw milk.”  DHS has more resources than most individuals to have gathered the information that Dr. Douglas and others have presented in the Supplemental Report.  It is shameful of the Department of Health, illegal and immoral to show such unmitigated prejudice and bad faith to the people they are supposed to protect.  (SR, p.5,  4; p. 16-25.)
6) Statistics show that racial groups have allergies to pasteurized milk and can only drink raw milk without symptoms.  (SR, p.11  5; 19  3.)  Denying these groups access to a necessity is unlawful and prejudicial.
7) Pursuant to State law, the county has been granted the discretion to determine whether milk sold in the County must be pasteurized (F&A Code section 35756). The Board has the discretion to adopt the proposed ordinance as an exercise of this discretion. Pursuant to State law (Gov. Code S818.2), a public entity is not held liable for injury caused by adoption of an ordinance. This is immunity granted as an expression of its discretion “…so long as the requirement of the municipal ordinances are not in themselves pernicious as being unreasonable and discriminatory...” Natural Milk vs. City of San Francisco, 20 Cal.2d101. If the Board doesn’t adopt the ordinance as protected for doing so, it would err and abuse its discretion if that decision is based on a prejudicial, unsubstantiated, faulty and incomplete report.

A related case that occurred with the California State DHS and legislature:
 In 1997, the California DHS encouraged “An act to amend Section 113996 of the Health and Safety Code, relating to retail food facilities, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately.”  Assembly Bill 2612, containing the proposed amendment, was introduced to require all ready made meat and eggs to be cooked well-done.  The bill was passed and made law in January 1998.  Action against the law was initiated because the law was discriminatory and prejudicial, violated freedom of choice, etc., to minorities of racial, ethnic, cultural, religious, and culinary preferences.  Assembly Bill 2612, containing the new proposed amendment, was introduced to allow raw meat and eggs as long as the patron was notified by language, signage or menu, or the patron asked for meat or

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Executive Summary –  page  3  of  3

egg to be served other than cooked well-done.  This allowed for ready made foods to be served raw, such as steak tartar, carpaccio, sashimi, cerviche, kibbie, and Caesar salad.

Based on the extensive evidence contained herein of safety, health benefits, and legal merits, it is completely improbable, given the long history and traditional use of raw milk without any epidemic attributed to raw milk to date, that there exists such a danger, and to claim otherwise without scientific, historical, or legal basis, is dangerous, making opinion as unlawful policy for regulation, and does not show good faith towards the people strongly advocating, who desire it.

We respectfully submit that state-governed Grade A and Guaranteed raw milks are safe and health-giving based on the medical, health, and scientific study and findings and legal merits.  To withhold immediate conformity to State code as unanimously passed would endanger the residents of Los Angeles County. Claravale Dairy is the only raw milk dairy serving Southern California.

Respectfully,

Arlene Binder, Attorney at Law
Roger Noorthoek, Attorney at Law
16161 Ventura Blvd.
Encino, CA 91436
800-695-3763; Fax: 883-3484
 Petitioners

Encl: Exhibits A, Supplemental Report with Summary; Exh.B,Dr. Mann; Exh.C, Dr. Privitera; Exh.D, Dr. Fleiss; Exh.E, Dr. Noorthoek; Exh.F, Dr. Smith; Exh.G, Dr. Cowan; Exh.H, Sally Fallon; Exh.J, Novell; Exh.K, Novell; Exh.L, Theobald.

 CC:  Los Angeles County Health Commissioners
Chief of Operations, Public Health, John F. Schunhoff, PhD.
  Director Mark Finucane, DHS
  County Counsel
  Gray Davis, Governor
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TO: Each Los Angeles County Board of Supervisor
 
 

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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  2  of  35

                                                                                                                                     Page
       CONTENTS                                                                                                            2

       SUMMARY OF SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT
                  IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK………………………………….     3
 

       SUPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK

1)  Health Risks From Drinking Pasteurized Milk ………………………………..    7
a. Bacterial Risks from Drinking Pasteurized Milk………………………….     7
b. Infant Death Syndrome and Colic from Feeding Pasteurized Milk…….   9
c. Disease and Disease-Risks from Drinking Pasteurized Milk…………... 11

2) Health Benefits and Risks from Drinking Raw Milk…………………………… 16
a. Bacterial, Viral & Parasitical Resistant and Nutritive Value of Raw Milk 16
b. Medical Milk Therapy - Prevention and
          Reversal of Disease from Drinking Raw Milk…………………………… 18
i. Infant Raw Milk Safety and Health Benefits……………………… 18
ii. Raw Milk Safety and Health Benefits In General………………………. 20
iii. Immune Raw Milk Therapy Benefits…………………………………….. 22

3) Raw Milk As a Preservative……………………………………………………… 23

4) Nutritive Value of Raw Milk vs. Pasteurized Milk (Chart)…………………….. 24

5) History of Movement Against Raw Milk;
           The Creation of the Assumption That
           Pasteurized Milk Is Safer Than Raw Milk………………………………….. 25
a. National Claims Against Raw Milk………………………………………… 25
b. Chronology of Unsubstantiated Claims
             Against Raw Milk Produced in California…………………………….. 27

6) How Credible is the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Regarding Raw Milk? 30

7) Bacteriology………………………………………………………………………. 31

8) Conclusions and Recommendations…………………………………………… 34

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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  3  of  35

The report was compiled and condensed by the International Medical Expert on raw and pasteurized milk, Dr. William Campbell Douglas, Jr. M.D., author of the definitive book analysis of scientific and clinical study on milk, The Milk Book; and the proponent and leading present-day empirical scientist on the positive effects of raw milk products on humans, Aajonus Vonderplanitz, Scientific Nutritional Researcher and author of We Want To Live, Vol.1 Out of the Grips of Disease and Death, and Vol.2, Healthfully, the Facts.
This Supplemental Report addresses the Board’s concerns regarding raw milk, encompassing:  Health Risks From Drinking Pasteurized Milk; Bacterial Risks from Drinking Pasteurized Milk, Infant Death Syndrome and Colic from Feeding Pasteurized Milk, Disease and Disease-Risks from Drinking Pasteurized Milk, Health Benefits and Risks from Drinking Raw Milk, Bacterial, Viral & Parasitical Resistant and Nutritive Value of Raw Milk, Medical Milk Therapy - Prevention and Reversal of Disease from Drinking Raw Milk, Infant Raw Milk Safety and Health Benefits, Raw Milk Safety and Health Benefits In General, Immune Raw Milk Therapy Benefits, Raw Milk As a Preservative, Nutritive Value of Raw Milk vs. Pasteurized Milk, History of Movement Against Raw Milk; The Creation of the Assumption That Pasteurized Milk Is Safer Than Raw Milk, National Unsubstantiated Claims Against Raw Milk, Chronology of Unsubstantiated Claims Against Raw Milk Produced in California, How Credible is the Center for Disease Control regarding Raw Milk?, Bacteriology, and Conclusions and Recommendations.

ANALYSIS of the DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES REPORT ON RAW MILK, JANUARY 2001, and Director Finucane’s letter of recommendations.

> DHS Report, p.4,  6, cited the UCLA statistical Assessment of the Excess Risk of Salmonella dublin Infection Associated with the Use of Raw Milk, Public Health Reports, Vol. 103, No. 5.  DHS Report stated, “37% of reported Salmonella dublin infections were acquired from raw milk.”  The assessment was a statistical guest-imation based on many unknown variables.  Dr. Nancy Mann, PhD Biostatistics, UCLA 1965, Exhibit B, refutes the statistics.  She indicates that the conclusion that any milk caused the sporadic 241 cases studied was improbable.  She states that if milk had been the cause, there would have been an epidemic.  There was no epidemic; only sporadic incidences.  Other flaws with the Assessment were:  It was not known the reason a case reviewed entered a hospital or saw a doctor; the case histories do not tell cause of death in the 36 who, later, were reported dead in that 3-years period; and at least 3-4 weeks had elapsed when the case histories were taken.  People do not remember what they ate yesterday much less a month ago.  “It is very difficult, if not impossible to identify, in an individual case, which of the possible risk factors caused the illness,” said Dr. Benson Werner, epidemiologist with the California Department of Health Services.  The UCLA Assessment was based on analysis of questionnaires and mathematics, not clinical or empirical science.

> DHS Report, p. 4,  3, lists an epidemic of Listeriosis “linked” to soft cheese that contained raw milk.  The court ruled in this case that raw milk was not responsible.

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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  4  of  35

> DHS Report, p. 4  5, states, “…ten people statewide…were confirmed with Salmonella typhimurium….who stated they had consumed raw milk in the week prior to their illness.”  Milk was not all that they ate.  Dr. Werner, testified in court about Salmonella typhimurium,  the “…most common Salmonella infection in humans in California each year… Salmonella typhimurium is such a large category, it receives probably half of all cases…could be in any food… it could be related to person to person transmission and other sources.”  The Report continues, “Molecular fingerprinting determined that the strain from ill persons was the same as found in raw milk.”  Yet, Dr. Werner’s said that that strain is every where.  If someone drinks out of the bottle, as many milk drinkers do, they place it in the milk.  There is no empirical evidence that raw milk has caused S. typhimurium.  As Dr. Mann said, if the milk had been the cause, there would have been an epidemic.  There was no epidemic.  The other cases cited in DHS Report fail on the same grounds.

> DHS Director Mark Finucane’s letter of January 24, 2001, p.2, 2, he stated that the LA County inspection system was superior to the State inspection system.  Claravale moved from the city in which it had been for nearly 70 years.  The move and upgrade is complete and Claravale now functions according to State regulations.

> In his letter, p. 2,  2, Mr. Finucane raised the concern about raw milk being “substantially higher risk of serious infections, and some of which can be transmitted to others.”  DHS Report, p.2. expressed concern over bacterial counts in raw milk.  However, the assumption that raw milk is a carrier of disease is unsubstantiated by case history.

I. In nearly 40 years, millions of people drank over 3 billion glasses of Alta Dena Dairy raw milk and there was not one epidemic, and not one proved case of foodborne illness because of it.
II. Raw milk produced under gross conditions has not been proved to be the cause of an epidemic.  No one has been maimed by drinking raw milk.  (p. 14-17.)  Until 1950, raw milk commonly contained bacterial counts of 3 million ml and 200 ml pathogens, compared to 10,000 ml and 10 ml pathogens now, and there were no epidemics that proved to be caused by raw milk, proving that raw milk is not harmful when containing many pathogens (p. 15,  2-3) even when used as a preservative for raw meat (p. 21).
III. A review of the cases DHS cited in their Report, p. 4, shows a total of 156 cases from 1973 until 1992, but no outbreaks or epidemics attributed to raw milk.  Let’s say that that figure was valid, although it is not, as explained above:  156 cases ÷ 19 years = 5.6 cases each year attributed to raw milk.  That is the lowest incidence of any animal product produced.  However, there is extensive evidence showing that pasteurization is a great health risk to the public, having caused numerous epidemics.  One pasteurized-milk epidemic involved 200 people, another 468 people, another 1,492, another 16,284, another 17,000, and another 197,000 people.  In each incident the product was from a single source producer.  In the years 1978-1997 there were 232,485 people who suffered due to outbreaks from pasteurized milk. (p. 5-7.)  If we were to disregard all of the other outbreaks from pasteurized milk and consider only those listed on pages 5-8, we have:  232,485 cases ÷ 19 years = 12,236 people effected each year from bacteria in pasteurized milk.  In almost all cases, CDC reported that investigation showed proper pasteurization.  CDC’s figures and CDC’s conclusion that “pasteurization provides assurances against infection”, are contradictory and untrustworthy.   Considering that CDC attributed only 4% of foodborne illness to milk consumed in the same bulk as other foods, it is the safest product to consume and does not merit the prejudice that it receives.  But as the facts state, pasteurized milk has caused 2,185 times more Foodborne illness than was attributed to raw milk.

SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  5  of  35

 
IV. The decline in raw milk consumption met with a dramatic increase in Salmonella illness, illustrated on p. 32.  It could be reasonably argued that the deprivation of raw milk to the public resulted in a loss of natural immunity to bacteria and more people succumbed, and continue to succumb, to bacterial illness.  The ill effects to cultural groups from loss of raw milk and allergies to pasteurized milk has been repeatedly studied and confirmed.
(p. 9,  5.)

> Strains of bacteria have become immune to antibacterial agents and humans are becoming more susceptible to bacterial illness.  (p. 30,  6.)  Science has proved that humans become immune to bacteria to which they are exposed.  Legally and morally, it would be correct to allow people to develop or maintain natural immunity by ingesting them in food-form, especially those who are considered “high risk”.  People who buy raw milk are aware that there may be pathogens within it by the Government warning label.

> There has been no proof that feeding or contact with raw milk is unsafe or dangerous to infants and children, nor to the “high risk” groups defined by health departments.  We are not saying that food-poisoning does not exist.  We have no evidence that raw milk has proved to cause any illness in any children and other “at high risk” individuals.  Evidence exists that infants and children thrive on raw milk. (p. 18-20, and Exh. L.)  Illnesses in infants have been treated successfully with raw milk for centuries in hospitals and clinics.  (p.16-17.)  Raw milk reduced infant deaths in hospital by 94%. (p.16,  6.)

> DHS Report (p.5,  6.) claims, “A review of the literature found no scientific study which demonstrates medical or health benefits of raw milk.”  SR presents a portion of the expert data on the benefits of raw milk from: Harvard, Princeton, Cambridge, University of Georgia Dairy Science Department, Dartmouth College, Ohio State University School of Agricultural Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, Tufts University, the Mayo Clinic of Minnesota, The Price Pottenger Nutrition Foundation, medical journals and publications such as Certified Milk Magazine, American Association of Medical Milk Commission, Milk Industry Foundation, The Lancet, JAMA, World Cancer Research Fund, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, Consumer Reports, Consumer’s Union, and St. Vincent’s Hospital, the prestigious Hartford Hospital. (p.16-21.)  Dr. J.E. Crewe, M.D., from the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, said, “...the treatment of various diseases over a period of eighteen years with a practically exclusive [raw] milk diet has convinced me personally that the most important single factor in the cause of disease and in the resistance to disease is food…” (p.19,  11)
 

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The barrage of present-day bacterial misinformation thrust upon the public is predominantly unscientific speculation regarding raw milk and not based on empirical examination. (p.23-28.)

Raw milk, if produced with a modicum of cleanliness, is safe because of built-in safeguards (that would be destroyed by pasteurization).  (p.14-16, 21.)  It is clear that the testing requirements for Grade A raw milk are more than is required to produce safe raw milk.  Pasteurized milk has a high rate of disease attributed to it.  Codes for pasteurized milk are more lenient.

The LACMMC requirement to “hold and test” for two days is unsafe because holding favors
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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  6  of  35

the growth of bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes, even at refrigerated storage temperatures.  Enzymes produced by these bacteria survive pasteurization. (p.10,  2.)  No “hold and test” recommendations were made for pasteurized milk.

California State Codes are more than necessary to insure safe Grade A and Guaranteed raw milk in Los Angeles County.  The vast majority of Californians enjoy the freedom to consume Grade A and Guaranteed raw milks.  (DHS Report, p.3,  4-5.)

Grade A and Guaranteed raw milks should be permitted to be sold in Los Angeles County, especially with its high rate of cultural groups who can drink no other milk because of their allergies to pasteurized milk.  (p.9,  5.)

It is also recommended that possible metabolic or other infectious, and environmental sources of vomiting and diarrhea must be explored where pathogens are found.  The questions must be asked:  Are pathogens the cause or result of degenerative disease?  Are they the cause or the cure?  Is pointing the finger at microbes a distraction from the causes of disease?  Is the pollution of our food, water and air the predominant cause of disease that fosters bacterial growth?  All hypotheses must be open to independent testing and researchers held accountable to the rules of evidence.

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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  7  of  35
 
 

Dr. Douglass Credentials:

I am a fourth generation physician whose family has practiced medicine in the Southern United States since 1850, a graduate of the University of Rochester; the University of Miami School of Medicine; and the United States Naval School of Aviation and Space Medicine.  I have taken postgraduate courses at Oxford, Princeton, Harvard, and the Universities of California, Florida, and Pennsylvania.  I researched extensively on raw milk and pasteurized milk, and wrote the published book The Milk Book of two editions and several printings.
 

1) HEALTH RISKS FROM DRINKING PASTEURIZED MILK

a.  BACTERIAL RISKS FROM DRINKING PASTEURIZED MILK

In 1945 there was an epidemic of food-poisoning in Phoenix, Arizona.³  The official report reads, “Pasteurization charts...show milk was properly pasteurized and leads to the assumption that toxin was produced in milk while it was stored…”  There were 300 sick people from this pasteurized-milk food-poisoning.

Great Bend, Kansas, in 1945, had 468 cases of gastroenteritis from pasteurized milk.  This was traced to “unsanitary conditions in dairies, unsterilized bottles”.  Nine people died.

In October 1978, there was an epidemic of salmonella attributed to food-poisoning by pasteurized milk in Arizona involving 68 people.  The bacteria level was 23 times the legal limit.  The CDC reported that the milk had been properly pasteurized.  Yet the CDC continues to tell us that, “...only with pasteurization is there. . . assurance” against infection.

In June, 1982, 172 people in a three-state area in the Southeast were stricken with an intestinal infection. Over 100 hundred were hospitalized. The infection, which caused severe diarrhea, fever, nausea, abdominal pain, and headache, was caused by pasteurized milk.⁴

In 1983, an outbreak of listeriosis that occurred in Massachusetts 1983, pasteurized whole or
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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  8  of  35

2% milk was implicated as the source of infection. Inspection of the milk-producing plant detected no apparent breach in the pasteurization process.⁵

In August 1984, approximately 200 persons became ill with S. typhimurium from pasteurized milk produced in a plant in Melrose, IL.  The regulators kept this outbreak secret.  Without evidence they concluded that the milk wasn’t properly pasteurized.  But, again, in November 1984, another outbreak of S. typhimurium occurred in persons consuming pasteurized milk bottled in the same plant.  Again, they kept it secret and assumed the milk was not properly pasteurized.  Then, in March 1985, there were 16,284 confirmed cases of S. typhimurium resulting from pasteurized milk bottled in the same plant.  Tests proved the milk had been properly pasteurized.  Investigators with preconceived notions, fueled by the efforts of health departments, came to conclusions without an investigation and had first accused raw milk and the media carried it to the people.⁶

Consumer Reports, January 1974, revealed that out of 125 tested samples of pasteurized milk and milk products, 44% proved in violation of state regulations.  Consumer Reports concluded, “The quality of a number of the dairy products in this study was little short of deplorable.”  Consumer Reports stated that “former objections” to pasteurized milk are valid today:
a) Pasteurization is an excuse for the sale of dirty milk.
b) Pasteurization may be used to mask low quality milk.
c) Pasteurization promotes carelessness and discourages the effort to produce clean milk.

Consumer's Union, reporting in June 1982, stated that coliform were found in many tested samples of pasteurized dairy products.  Some had counts as high as 2200 organisms per cubic centimeter.
 

Some Outbreaks Attributed to Bacterial Food-poisoning from PASTEURIZED MILK
• 1945   1,492 cases for the year in the U.S.A.
• 1945   1 outbreak, 300 cases  in Phoenix, Arizona.
• 1945   Several outbreaks, 468 cases of gastroenteritis, 9 deaths, in Great Bend, Kansas.
• 1978   1 outbreak, 68 cases in Arizona.
• 1982   over 17,000 cases of yersinia enterocolitica in Memphis, Tenn.
• 1982   172 cases, with over 100 hospitalized from a three-Southern-state area.
• 1983   1 outbreak, 49cases of listeriosis in Massachusetts.
• 1984   August, 1 outbreak S. typhimurium, approximately 200 cases, at one plant in Melrose
  Park, IL.
• 1984   November, 1 outbreak S. typhimurium, at same plant in Melrose Park, IL.
• 1985   March, 1 outbreak, 16,284 confirmed cases, at same plant in Melrose Park, IL.
• 1985   197,000 cases of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella infections from one dairy in
  California.^7,8
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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  9  of  35

• 1985   1,500+ cases, Salmonella culture confirmed, in Northern Illinois.
• 1993   2 outbreaks statewide, 28 cases Salmonella infection.
• 1994   3 outbreaks, 105 cases, E. Coli & Listeria in California.
• 1995   1 outbreak, 3 cases in California.
• 1996   2 outbreaks Campylobactor and Salmonella, 48 cases in California.
• 1997   2 outbreaks, 28 cases Salmonella in California.
 

Professor Fosgate, Dairy Science Department of the University of Georgia, said, “Pasteurization has been preached as a one-hundred percent safeguard for milk.  This simply is not true.  If milk gets contaminated today, the chances are that it will be after pasteurization.”

b. INFANT DEATH SYNDROME, COLIC AND OTHER INFANT DISEASES FROM FEEDING PASTEURIZED MILK

The Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SID), crib death, baffled scientists for years.  Apparently healthy babies die in their sleep without crying, without struggling.  Infants are six months of age or younger with the highest incidence at about three months.  Almost every conceivable cause, from Vitamin C deficiency to suffocation in bedding has been hypothesized as cause.  Barrett, in 1954, suggested that inhalation of food while sleeping may be the cause.  Barrett and co-workers at the University of Cambridge worked from facts that already proved that most infants fed on pasteurized cow’s milk had evidence in their blood that they are potentially allergic to cow’s milk protein.  Infants often regurgitate various amounts of milk while asleep that could cause anaphylaxis to a small amount of milk inhaled into the lungs.  Subjecting guinea pigs sensitized to milk, they dripped pasteurized milk into the throat and down the windpipe.  “Very soon after introducing the [pasteurized] milk into the larynx of an anesthetized guinea pig, the animal stopped breathing without any sign of struggle.”

Colic is a concern with infants who are fed pasteurized milk. One out of every five babies suffers from colic. Pediatricians learned long ago that pasteurized cows’ milk was often the reason.  A more recent study also linked pasteurized cow’s milk consumption to chronic constipation in children.⁹  These researchers observed that pasteurized milk consumption resulted in perianal sores and severe pain on defecation, leading to constipation.

Dr. Pottenger elaborated on malnourishment caused by pasteurized dairy, “Can human infants be born of mothers who are deficient, and yet attain a fair degree of skeletal development if given a proper raw milk supply? The three infants in figure 4 were born of mothers known to be hypothyroid. Prior to the birth of the infants shown, all three mothers had given birth to children within three years. Each of the previous children was asthmatic, showed infantile rickets, and possessed poor skeletal development. The first child shown in Figure 4 [healthiest-looking] was breast fed from birth, with the mother living under excellent health-promoting conditions. The second child was on powdered milk for four weeks, and on raw certified milk after that without cod-liver oil or orange juice. Both the first and second child began supplemental feedings when they were about five months old and were very healthy
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SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT IN FAVOR OF GRADE A RAW MILK - 2/8/2001  -   EXHIBIT A  -  page  10  of  35

babies.  The third baby was always sickly and had been on formulae since birth. These formulae included powdered milk, pasteurized milk, boiled milk, boiled certified milk and canned milk. She had suffered from severe gastric distress during her entire infancy and when eight months old she developed asthma. She is very small though her parents are of larger build.¹⁰

Steinman studied rats.¹¹  The decay process in rats' teeth is biologically identical to that in human teeth.  He divided his rats into several groups.  The control group received a standard nutritious rat chow made by the Purina Company.  Steinman discovered that these rats would average less than one cavity for their entire lifetime.  The second group received a very heavy refined sugar diet.  Although they grew faster than the Purina rats, they averaged 5.6 cavities per rat.  The third group was fed “homogenized Grade A pasteurized milk” and they had almost twice as many cavities as the sugar-fed group - 9.4 cavities per animal.  Dr. Weston Price in Nutrition and Human Degeneration proved fifty years ago what Steinman showed in 1963:  Processed milk leads to disease and premature death.¹²  Nizel of Tufts University reported that decayed teeth were four times more common in pasteurized milk-fed babies as opposed to breast-fed babies. Dr. Weston Price, D.D.S., proved that processed food, such as pasteurized milk, causes poor development of the facial bones.
 

Dr. A. F. Hess wrote in his abstracts, “…pasteurized milk…we should realize…is an incomplete food…infants will develop scurvy on this diet. This form of scurvy takes some months to develop and may be termed subacute. It must be considered not only the most common form of this disorder, but the one which passes most often unrecognized…”¹³
 “Some have questioned whether pasteurized milk is really involved in the production of scurvy. The fact, however, that when one gives a group of infants this food for a period of about six months, instances of scurvy occur, and that a cure is brought about when raw milk is substituted, taken in conjunction with the fact that if we feed the same number of infants on raw milk, cases of scurvy will not develop--these results seem sufficient to warrant the deduction that pasteurized milk is a causative factor. The experience in Berlin, noted by Newmann (Newmann, H., Deutsch. Klin., 7:341, 1904) and others, is most illuminating and convincing in this connection. In 1901 a large dairy in that city established a pasteurizing plant in which all milk was raised to a temperature of about 60 degrees C. After an interval of some months infantile scurvy, was reported from various sources throughout the city. Neumann writes about the situation as follows:¹⁴
“Whereas Heubner, Cassel and myself had seen only thirty-two cases of scurvy from 1896 to 1900, the number of cases suddenly rose from the year 1901, so that the same observers--not to mention a great many others--treated eighty-three cases in 1901 and 1902.’  An investigation was made as to the cause, and the pasteurization was discontinued.  The result was that the number of cases decreased just as suddenly as they had increased.”¹⁵
 “One of the most striking clinical phenomenon of infantile scurvy is the marked susceptibility to infection which it entails--the frequent attacks of ‘grippe,’ the
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widespread occurrence of nasal diphtheria, the furunculosis of the skin, the danger of pneumonia in advanced cases...”¹⁶
“Recently, Minot and his colleagues came to the conclusion that adult scurvy can be precipitated by infectious processes; in other words, that latent scurvy can by this means be changed to manifest scurvy. In general, therefore, investigations in the laboratory as well as clinical observations are in agreement in stressing the interrelationship of scurvy and bacterial infection.”
“This illustrates the futility of pasteurization of milk to prevent infection from diseases the cows may sometimes have, such as undulant fever. The infant is then made subject to the common infectious diseases, and deaths from these common diseases are not attributed, as they should be, to the defective nature of the milk.”¹⁷

c. DISEASE AND DISEASE RISKS FROM DRINKING PASTEURIZED MILK

Lipase, an enzyme, in milk helps fat digestion but is totally destroyed by pasteurization.  Therefore, no galactose for milk-sugar digestion, no catalase, diastase, or Peroxidase.  Pasteurized-milk allergy in children and adults, caused by altering the milk proteins through heating, has caused a major health problem in the United States.

Lactose intolerance for pasteurized dairy is common among many populations, affecting approximately 95% of Asian Americans, 74% of Native Americans, 70% of African Americans, 53% of Mexican Americans, and 15% of Caucasians.¹⁸   Symptoms, which include gastrointestinal distress, diarrhea, and flatulence, occur because these individuals do not have the enzymes that digest the milk sugar lactose and protein in pasteurized milk.¹⁹
Often, with these gastrointestinal symptoms bacteria, such as salmonella, will be found active in the blood and stools, indicating that pasteurized dairy incites bacterial activity that is, then, associated with a food.  Food-contamination is often not the problem because the bacterial activity originates in the body to help the body decompose the pasteurized milk or heat-treated food.

Studies have shown cholesterol oxidation products to cause atherosclerosis and cancer.  Pasteurized milk contains cholesterol oxides and epoxides.  Raw milk has none of these.

Phosphatase is essential for the absorption of calcium and is plentifully present in raw milk but completely destroyed by pasteurization.  The “decalcification” of pasteurized and formula milks which are fed to children may be a major cause of osteoporosis later in life.  We now know  low calcium absorption in even healthy women may cause a loss of spinal bone mass as early as age 20. Such women may lose 50% or more of their bony mass by the age of 70.²⁰

R.D. Briggs of the Pathology Department of Washington University School of Medicine, read that the British reported a higher incidence of heart attacks among persons with chronic peptic ulcers.^21,22   In 1960, Briggs and his associates undertook a statistical study of ten
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medical centers in the United States and five in Great Britain.  They compared the incidence of heart attacks in ulcer patients taking a Sippy (pasteurized, homogenized milk and cream) diet with those not using milk.  Results were startling and unequivocal.  In the US, patients taking the Sippy diet had a three-fold higher incidence of heart attacks.  In England the heavy pasteurized, homogenized milk drinkers had a six-fold increase in heart attacks as compared to the non-milk users.  We know from the work of Pottenger, Wulzen, McCulley, and Oster that the specific constituents creating this type of calcification is heated protein and xanthine oxidase.  Natural milk, raw milk, contains no heated protein and no biologically available xanthine oxidase.

One reason pasteurized milk doesn't taste as good as raw milk from the farm is because of “holding over” milk.  The milk is placed in large “milk silos” until ready for processing.  It may remain for days. This favors the growth of bacteria called psychrotrophic.²³  These bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes²⁴ grow at the refrigeration temperatures of the silos used for storage.  The psychrotrophics produce enzymes that survive the pasteurization process, making pasteurized milk sometimes taste bitter, unclean, oily, chalky, metallic or medicinal.

The pituitary hormone, TSH, stimulates the thyroid gland.  If minute amounts of this pituitary hormone were absorbed daily from unbalanced pasteurized milk, depression of the thyroid gland could eventually result.  Low thyroid function has become extremely common in the USA.  Some experts estimate that fifty percent of the people over fifty years of age have some degree of low functioning thyroid.

Another hormone from the pituitary, ADH, absorbed regularly from pasteurized milk causes water retention.  ACTH, a powerful adrenal stimulator, absorbed regularly from pasteurized milk contributes to everything from diabetes and hypertension to Addison's Disease (adrenal exhaustion), and acne.

Several cancers, such as ovarian cancer, have been linked to the consumption of pasteurized dairy products.  According to a study by Daniel Cramer, M.D., and colleagues at Harvard, pasteurized dairy-product consumption affects a woman’s ovaries.²⁵  Some women have particularly low levels of certain enzymes, and when they consume processed dairy products on a regular basis, their risk of ovarian cancer can triple that of other women.

J.L. Outwater of Princeton University and Drs. A. Nicholson and N. Barnard of The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine cited more epidemiological studies that show a positive correlation between pasteurized dairy products and breast cancer and prostate cancer, presumably related, at least in part, to increases in a compound called insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I).²⁶   IGF-I is found in processed cow’s milk and has been shown to occur in increased levels in the blood by individuals consuming processed dairy products on a regular
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basis.²⁷ Another recent study showed that men who had the highest levels of IGF-I had more than four times the risk of prostate cancer compared with those who had the lowest levels.²⁸
Synthetic hormones such as recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) are commonly used in pasteurized dairy cows to increase the production of milk but results in mastitis, or inflammation of the mammary glands.  When these are ingested it increases the levels of cancer-causing and other dangerous chemicals in milk.  rBGH-derived milk contains dramatically higher levels of IGF-1 (Insulin Growth Factor), a risk factor for breast and colon cancer. IGF-1 is not destroyed by pasteurization. An article in Cancer Research, June 1995, shows that high levels of IGF-1 are also linked to hypertension, premature growth stimulation in infants, gynecomastia in young children, glucose intolerance and juvenile diabetes.

Dr. Samuel Epstein, M.D. professor of occupational and environmental medicine at the University of Illinois School of Public Health and chair of Cancer Prevention Coalition, Inc., reports that IGF-1, which causes cells to divide, induces malignant transformation of normal breast epithelial cells, and is a growth factor for human breast cancer and colon cancer.  In reviewing the data, Canadian scientists discovered that Monsanto’s secret studies showed that rBGH was linked to prostate and thyroid cancer in laboratory rats.²⁹

Epidemiological studies of various countries show a strong correlation between the use of pasteurized dairy products and the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (Type I or childhood-onset).³⁰   Researchers in 1992 found that a specific protein in pasteurized dairy sparks an auto-immune reaction, which is believed to be what destroys the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.

Wulzen, of Wulzen Calcium Dystrophy Syndrome notoriety, reported that the test animals fed pasteurized milk did not grow well and consistently developed a highly characteristic syndrome, the first sign of which was wrist stiffness, a form of arthritis.  But far worse was the effects from pasteurized skim milk.  These animals became weak and emaciated and then died.  First they developed the characteristic wrist stiffness and then muscular dystrophy.  Autopsy revealed severe hardening of the arteries and calcification of other soft tissues.  The animals also developed testicular atrophy with complete sterility, severe calcification of most large blood vessels, anemia, decrease in hearing resulting in complete deafness, high blood pressure, and development of calcium deposits around the bone openings in the spine that provide for the exit of nerves.  Sciatica and other nerve compression syndromes result from calcification.
No one has offered any well-documented, experimental proof of any other cause for the extensive calcific disease that we see today.  Until science conducts tests on humans drinking raw and pasteurized milks, we would be wiser to assume it is probable that the consumption of pasteurized milk causes the same disease-conditions in humans.  The Wulzen experiments
were repeated and conclusive.
Professor Hugo Kruger of Oregon State University confirmed the Wulzen experiments.  He proved that there is a definite connection between pasteurized milk and stiff joints that ____________________________________________
 

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eventually led, in experimental animals, to muscular dystrophy.

Pasteurizing milk turns the lactose into beta-lactose that is far more soluble and therefore more rapidly absorbed into the blood stream.  The sudden rise in blood sugar is followed by a fall leading to low blood sugar, hypoglycemia, which induces hunger.  If more pasteurized milk is drunk to satisfy the hunger, then the cycle is repeated:  hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hunger, more milk, etc.  The end result is obesity.  Obesity has become one of the most common diseases of childhood.  Pasteurized milk causes obesity even if it is skimmed.  Pigs have been and are regularly fattened with skimmed milk.

In an effort to alleviate hunger among a Northeast Brazilian tribe, they were given processed powdered milk.  The milk caused rapid growth and irreversible blindness.³¹

Francis M. Pottenger, Jr., M.D. wrote in his abstract, “Milk, an animal product, is the essential food of all infant mammals. Mammals are so classified in the scale of living things because of the common characteristic of the female nursing her young. The infant mammal is accordingly carnivorous in his natural habits irrespective of whether the adult of the species is herbivorous or carnivorous.
“If the adults on a carnivorous diet show conditions of deficiency on cooked meat, is it not reasonable to suppose that growing infants on entirely cooked carnivorous diets will do likewise? Many experimenters, such as Catel, Dutcher, Wilson, and others, have shown such to be the case in animals fed on pasteurized milk...”

Pasteurized milk is touted for preventing osteoporosis, yet clinical research shows otherwise. The Harvard Nurses’ Health Study, 1997, which followed more than 75,000 women for 12 years, showed no protective effect of increased processed-milk consumption on fracture risk.³²   In fact, increased intake of calcium from pasteurized dairy products was associated with a higher fracture risk. An Australian study showed the same results.³³  Additionally, other studies have found no protective effect of pasteurized dairy calcium on bone.³⁴

Krauss, W. E., Erb, J.H., and Washburn, R.G. wrote in their abstract, “Kramer, Latzke and Shaw (Kramer, Martha M., Latzke, F., and Shaw, M.M., A Comparison of Raw, Pasteurized, Evaporated and Dried Milks as Sources of Calcium and Phosphorus for the Human Subject, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 79:283-295, 1928) obtained less favorable calcium balances in adults with pasteurized milk than with ‘fresh milk’ and made the further observation that milk from cows kept in the barn for five months gave less favorable calcium balances than did ‘fresh milk’ (herd milk from a college dairy).”³⁵
“According to S. Schmidt-Nielsen and Schmidt-Nielson (Kgl. Norske Videnskab. Selsk. Forhandl., 1:126-128, abstracted in Biological Abstracts, 4:94, 1930), when milk pasteurized at
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63 degrees C. (145 degrees F.) was fed to mature rats, early death or diminished vitality resulted in the offspring. This was attributed to the destruction of Vitamin A.”³⁶
“Mattick and Golding, “Relative Value of Raw and Heated Milk in Nutrition, in The Lancet (220:662-667) reported some preliminary experiments which indicated that pasteurization destroys some of the dietetic value of milk, including partial destruction of Vit. B1. These same workers found the raw milk to be considerably superior to sterilized milk in nutritive value.”³⁷
 “Pasteurization was also found to negatively affect the hematogenic and growth-promoting properties of the special milk (raw milk from specially fed cows, whose milk did not produce nutritional anemia--whereas commercially pasteurized milk did)...”³⁸

“Guinea pigs fed raw milk with an addition of skim milk powder, copper and iron salts, carotene, and orange juice grew well and showed no abnormalities at autopsy. When pasteurized whole milk was used, deficiency symptoms began to appear, wrist stiffness being the first sign. The substitution of skim milk for whole milk intensified the deficiency that was characterized by great emaciation and weakness before death...At autopsy the muscles were found to be extremely atrophied, and closely packed, fine lines of calcification ran parallel to the fibers. Also calcification occurred in other parts of the body. When cod liver oil replaced carotene in the diet, paralysis developed quickly. The feeding of raw cream cured the wrist stiffness.”³⁹

“Pasteurization of milk destroys about 38% of the B complex according to Dutcher and his associates...”⁴⁰
“On the 7.5 cc. level two rats on raw milk developed mild polyneuritis toward the end of the trial; whereas three rats on pasteurized milk developed polyneuritis early, which became severe as the trial drew to a close. On the 10.0 cc. level none of the rats on raw milk developed polyneuritis, but three on pasteurized milk were severely afflicted.”⁴¹
“Using standard methods for determining vitamins A, B, G and D, it was found that pasteurization destroyed at least 25% of the vitamin B in the original raw milk.”⁴²

“The pasteurization of milk has been found to destroy 20-50% (of the Vitamin C), the first month of life.”⁴³
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  Dr. R. M. Overstreet wrote, “The vitamin C of cow’s milk is largely destroyed by pasteurization…”⁴⁴

Woessner, Warren W., Evehjem, C.A., and Schuette, Henry A. wrote in their abstract, “Samples of raw, certified Guernsey and certified vitamin D milks were collected at the different dairies throughout the city of Madison. These milks on the average are only a little below the fresh milks as recorded in Table I, indicating that commercial raw and certified milks as delivered to the consumer lose only a small amount of their antiscorbutic potency. Likewise, samples of commercial pasteurized milks were collected and analyzed. On an average they contained only about one-half as much ascorbic acid as fresh raw milks and significantly less ascorbic acid than the commercial unpasteurized milks.
“It was found that commercial raw milks contained an antiscorbutic potency which was only slightly less than fresh raw milks and that pasteurized milks on the average contained only one-half the latter potency. Mineral modification and homogenization apparently have a destructive effect on ascorbic acid.”⁴⁵
 

2) HEALTH BENEFITS AND RISKS FROM DRINKING RAW MILK

a. BACTERIAL, VIRAL & PARASITICAL RESISTANCE AND NUTRITIVE VALUES FROM DRINKING RAW MILK

A letter from the Pennsylvania Bureau of Foods and Chemistry left no doubt about their confidence in raw milk, “I can think of no incident in Pennsylvania in the past twenty years in which raw milk was determined to have been the cause of human illness.”⁴⁶

From 1958-1999, there had not been one outbreak caused by raw milk in California, and only speculative sporadic occurrences.  In 1958, a Salmonella-outbreak of 11 cases was blamed on certified raw milk but “no Salmonella was ever found in batches of the milk being consumed or in the herds.”⁴⁷    Californians enjoyed 50 years of raw milk consumption without a single outbreak.

Raw milk contains enzymes and antibodies that make milk less susceptible to bacterial contamination, such as nisin, and lactoperoxidase that inhibits the growth of Salmonella.  Pasteurization destroys or neutralizes these antibacterial properties.

Dold, H., Wizaman, E., and Kleiner, C. wrote in their abstract, “Human or cow milk added to an equal volume of agar did not support the growth or allowed only slight growth of B. diphtheriae Staph. aureus, B. coli, B. prodigiosus, B. pyocyaneus, B. anthracis, streptococci, and unidentified wild yeast.⁴⁸   The ‘inhibins’ in cow’s milk are inactivated by heating between 60-70 degrees C. for 30 minutes.  Attempts have not been made to identify the natural antiseptics.”
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Example Of Protective Qualities Of Raw Milk, Even When It Is Dirty
In the course of my research, I visited dozens of dairies.  As you know from cleaning your car, spraying the surface with a hose is ineffective.  The surface must be wiped.  The same is true of a cow teat.  This was demonstrated to me quite dramatically at a dairy with milk destined to be sold raw.  The hose was taken and the teats sprayed in the usual manner.  A white towel from the stack was used to wipe one of the four teats.  Plenty of mud and manure could be seen on the towel.  If those teats aren't cleaned properly, and they often were not in those other dairies, that mud and manure went in milk.  They pasteurized it, but how many people want feces, mud, and urine in their milk even though it is pasteurized heated?
Jack Mathis, President of Atlanta's Mathis Dairy, was invited to inspect the dairy at the Atlanta City Prison Farm and make suggestions for modernization.  He said, “It looked more like an outhouse than a milking parlor.”  Manure on the cow's hindquarters was running over the teats, the milking apparatus, and into the milk.  From the milking machine, the milk ran into an open ten-gallon can by hose.  “You couldn't see the top of the can for the flies,” Mathis said.  “It was like a bee hive with flies walking in and out of the can.”
Mr. Mathis assumed that the milk was for the prison farm pigs, but it wasn't.  It went directly to a cooler in the prison dining hall, complete with cow and fly manure and fly carcasses.  It was simply strained through the cooler and then drunk by the prisoners.  No case of pathogenic contamination occurred that was caused by the raw milk in 10 years.  If raw milk is such a danger, why didn’t any one get sick?

The British journal The Lancet reported, “Resistance to tuberculosis increased in children fed raw milk instead of pasteurized, to the point that in five years only one case of pulmonary TB had developed, whereas in the previous five years, when children had been given pasteurized milk, 14 cases of pulmonary TB had developed.”⁴⁹

Raw milk also contains an anti-viral agent.  In 1997, British studies showed that some mysterious substance in the aqueous portion of the raw milk, below the cream layer, works against viral infections.⁵⁰   Formula and boiled milk do not contain this virus-fighting agent.

Raw milk as a vermifuge:  James A. Tobey, Doctor of Public Health, Chief of Health Services for the Borden Company, wrote about the successful use of raw milk in the treatment and prevention of worms in humans.⁵¹   We know that worms flourish on starch but have a tough time surviving on protein. Hegner proved experimentally that a diet consisting largely of the raw protein casein, the principle protein of milk, will often lead to a total elimination of the worms.⁵²

Phosphatase is essential for the absorption of calcium and is plentifully present in raw milk but completely destroyed by pasteurization.  Phosphatase is an essential agent to the properly development of a strong skeletal structure.

The enzyme lipase aids in the digestion of fats.  It is plentiful in raw milk but destroyed by pasteurization.
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b. MEDICAL MILK THERAPY – PREVENTION AND REVERSAL OF DISEASE FROM DRINKING RAW MILK

One of the most remarkable and important discoveries in medicine, the incredible healing power of fresh raw milk, goes unnoticed by the medical profession.  No one knows who first used raw milk as a therapeutic agent, probably the Egyptians.  Hippocrates, the father of medicine, prescribed raw milk for tuberculosis.

William Osler, the most respected physician of the early 20th Century, said, “A rigid [raw] milk diet may be tried ... this plan in conjunction with rest is most efficacious.” And then he quoted Cheynes, “Milk and sweet sound blood differ in nothing but color: Milk is blood.”

Dr. J.E. Crewe, from the Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, presented his findings on the therapeutic uses of raw milk before the Minnesota State Medical Society in 1923.  Although Dr. Crewe's experiments were on the feeding of raw milk for disease, the key, he injects, is not milk but raw milk.  Dr. Crewe reported, “While milk is widely used and recommended as an article of diet, it is seldom used by regular physicians exclusively as an agent in the treatment of disease.  For fifteen years I have employed the so-called [raw] milk treatment in various diseases ... the results obtained in various types of illnesses have been so uniformly excellent that one's conception of disease and its alleviation is necessarily modified.”⁵³
His report was met with apathy and indifference, saying, “The method itself is so simple that it does not greatly interest medical men.⁵⁴   The fact that many diseases are treated and successful results [ignored], leads almost to disrespect.”

i.  INFANT SAFETY AND HEALTH BENEFITS FROM FEEDING RAW MILK

Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland found that raw cows milk contains 2½ times more of the enzyme lgG than pasteurized milk.  This important enzyme inhibits rotavirus organisms that cause diarrhea in infants.

The sister in charge of St. Vincent's hospital was very concerned about the high death rate among infants from gastroenteritis.  She asked Dr. Paul B. Cassidy, M.D. for his advice, and he recommended a switch from pasteurized to raw milk.  The raw critics predicted that there would be a catastrophic increase in infant deaths from using raw milk.  The death rate in infants from gastroenteritis quickly fell by 94%, from a high of 89 in 1922 to less than 5 per year⁵⁵ until the use of raw milk was stopped.  Raw milk was extremely popular among leaders in medicine before World War II.  The prestigious Hartford Hospital used only certified milk, most of it raw, “in the artificial feeding of infants, for expectant and nursing mothers, and for all other cases.  “

It has been known since the earliest days of husbandry that the newborn calf thrives on raw milk.  Calves fed pasteurized milk since birth die by the third month.

Relief of muscle cramps in pregnancy was reported by John Fowler, M.D., Worcester,
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Massachusetts.  He said that raw-milk therapy was “very effective, and in no instance where used faithfully, were the muscle cramps in pregnant women a cause of discomfort.”

                The Effect of Milk on Growth

An experiment done with rats in 1927 vividly illustrated the remarkable growing power of even a small amount of raw milk.  The rats were given a very good diet except the milk portion was very carefully controlled.  They could eat all they wanted except for the raw milk.  The above illustration is from a March, 1928 publication illustrating the findings of the experiment

Destin Callahan got off to a bad start in life.  He was not breast fed.  Asthma developed by the time he was six months old.  His mother couldn't recall any time during his nine years that he hadn't wheezed.  He had been in and out of hospitals with asthma attacks, sometimes nearly fatal, at least six times every year.  He had taken antibiotics and cortisone almost continuously since the age of six months.  Destin was nine years old, but he was the physical size of a six year old.  He was intelligent but thin and delicate.  Destin's mother and father came to the Douglass Center in Atlanta, Georgia desperate to try something different and non-toxic.  They felt that Destin's poor growth was at least partially due to constant medication.  He had been to many allergists with frequent skin testing.  His parents had been told that their son was allergic to milk.  We informed them that 99% of people affected had allergies only to pasteurized milk.  We decided to have a serum manufactured containing the various factors to which Destin was allergic by skin test.  This serum was then injected into a pregnant cow.  After the calf was born, the colostrum was taken from the mother, frozen, and given daily to Destin.  After six weeks of the raw milk, Destin began to improve.  For the first time in his life he stopped wheezing.  His parents were astounded and almost afraid to believe it.  On Christmas Eve, Destin became overly excited about Christmas and had a severe asthmatic attack.  Marcy and Les Callahan had the courage to eschewed the customary medications and gave Destin raw milk colostrum every hour.  By Christmas morning, Destin was completely without symptoms.  Destin grew rapidly after starting the raw milk and colostrum treatment.

Raw milk contains bioactive vitamins.  Through the process of chromatography, we now ____________________________________________
 

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know that synthetic vitamins are not the same as natural ones, yet marketers of pasteurized milk continue to point out the supplemental vitamin content of their pasteurized milk, using this as an argument for equivalent nutrient value of raw milk.  However, natural Vitamin C, for instance, is 33% higher in fresh raw milk than in pasteurized milk.  Some have concluded that both milks are inadequate in Vitamin C, and raw nor pasteurized milks should be depended upon as a Vitamin C source.  Fact is contrary to this argument, many babies fed pasteurized milk develop a scurvy-like syndrome and raw milk-fed babies did not.  The research of Friederger also testified that pasteurized milk with vitamins added produced the same deficiencies as those caused by vitamin destruction from pasteurization.⁵⁶
Francis Pottenger, M.D. proved there is deficiency disease, similar to Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) that can be cured by giving an endocrine product that contains no Vitamin C.  He proved that raw milk has this endocrine nutrient and pasteurized milk does not.  He proved that raw milk reversed and prevented scurvy.
Stefansson, an Anthropologist working for the U.S. government, demonstrated that a supposedly adequate intake of Vitamin C in the form of tomato juice did not prevent scurvy in an arctic sea captain.  When the captain ate raw meat for a few days he was completely cured.⁵⁷   It was pointed out in 1942 that “… the cows of the country produce as much Vitamin C as does the entire citrus crop, but most of it is lost as the result of pasteurization.”⁵⁸

French physiologist, Rene Dubos said, “From the point of view of scientific philosophy, the largest achievement of modern biochemistry has been the demonstration of the fundamental unity of the chemical processes associated with life.” In other words, if it happens in guinea pigs, rats and cats, it probably happens in humans.

A Dutch chemist, Willem J. Van Wagtendork at Oregon State College, confirmed the Wulzen findings that pasteurized dairy creates calcification and stiffness. He found that guinea pigs with calcification of the tissues could be relieved with raw cream but not so with pasteurized cream.  The active factor is transmuted and rendered ineffective by pasteurization.

ii. RAW MILK SAFETY AND HEALTH BENEFITS IN GENERAL

Dr. Crewe’s use of raw milk therapy in advanced cases of pulmonary tuberculosis improved rapidly.  This was ironic in that raw milk was being blamed, incorrectly, for a great deal of the tuberculosis seen in that decade.  (Hippocrates told doctors hundreds of years ago that raw milk would greatly alleviate tuberculosis.)
Crewe reported on his raw-milk treatment of edema (swelling), “In cases in which there is marked edema, the results obtained are surprisingly marked.  This is especially striking because so-called dropsy has never been treated with large quantities of fluid.  With all medication withdrawn, one case lost twenty-six pounds in six days, huge edema disappearing from the abdomen and legs with great relief to the patient.”
Cardiac and kidney cases showed remarkable improvement.  One patient with advanced heart and kidney disease lost thirty pounds of fluid in six days drinking raw milk.

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On the treatment of high blood pressure, Crewe reported that he had “never seen such rapid and lasting results by any other method.”
Patients with heart failure were taken off medications, including digitalis (Lanoxin), and “responded splendidly.”
Perhaps the most startling raw-milk treatment, and one that goes counter to present-day thinking, was obesity.  Dr. Crewe: “One patient reduced from 325 pounds to 284 pounds in two weeks, on four quarts of milk a day while her blood pressure was reduced from 220 to 170.”
The same results might be obtained, as Crewe implies, by eating fresh raw meat.  He relates the story of the explorer Stefansson, who traveled the frozen Arctic with his colleagues living on fish, seal, polar bear, and caribou nothing else for nine months.  Most of this was eaten raw, and although undergoing the severest of hardships, they were never sick.  On the return journey, they discovered a cache of civilized food, including flour, preserved fruits and vegetables, and salted, cooked meat.  Against Stefansson's advice, the men ate this preserved food for several days.  They quickly developed diarrhea, loose teeth, and sore mouths.  Stefansson immediately placed them on raw caribou tongue, and in a few days they were well.
Raw milk is by far the most convenient and acceptable form of raw animal protein supplying the enzymes, antibodies, and nutrients needed for recovery from disease.
Dr. Crewe reported on his work again in 1930.  He quoted a colleague, who was also treating with raw milk, “This was the worst case of psoriasis I have ever seen.  This boy was literally covered from head to foot with scales.  We put the boy on a milk diet and in less than a month he had skin like a baby's.”
Crewe postulated, because of the remarkable effects seen in such a great variety of diseases, that raw milk may be supplying some hormonal elements to the patient.  He repeatedly saw marked improvement in patients with toxic thyroid disease, a hormonal malady.
Rapid and marked improvement in the infection and in the reduction of the size of the prostate gland was seen routinely.  With shrinkage of the gland, the blockage clears and surgery avoided, Crewe reported.  Urinary tract infections, even without prostate swelling were greatly improved.
The raw milk treatment of diabetes caused most patients to become sugar-free in 4-10 weeks.  This was astounding because the milk sugar in five quarts of milk, the amount he used daily for diabetes, was 1/2 pound.
And finally Crewe commented on the large group of patients for which no specific disease could be found, “These patients are often underweight.  They may consume a fairly large amount of food, but they do not gain in weight or strength.  They are often nervous and are frequently classed as neurasthenics.  Usually, the skin condition is poor; they are sallow, and disappointed because no one can tell them what the trouble is.  They do not respond well to medical treatment... Every physician knows this class of patients because they are unhappy and unsatisfactory to treat.”  He reported that they “respond admirably” to raw-milk therapy, but he added, “The chief fault of the treatment is that it is too simple . . . it does not appeal to the modern medical men.”
Dr. Crewe: “...the treatment of various diseases over a period of eighteen years with a practically exclusive [raw] milk diet has convinced me personally that the most important single factor in the cause of disease and in the resistance to disease is food…”

Dr. L. J. Harris wrote, “Dr. Evelyn Sprawson of the London Hospital has recently stated that in certain institutions children who were brought up on raw milk (as opposed to pasteurized milk) had perfect teeth and no decay.”⁵⁹
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The Lancet published that in children, teeth are less likely to decay on a diet supplemented with raw milk than with pasteurized milk.⁶⁰

“The dividing line between a food and a medicine sometimes becomes almost invisible.  In many diseases nothing heals the body and restores strength like [raw] milk…” Dr. J.F. Lyman, Prof. of Agricultural Chemistry, Ohio State University.

Milk has been used for gastric disorders, especially ulcers, for centuries.  In the 19th century, Cruvelheir advocated raw milk as the most important part of the treatment of gastric ulcer.⁶¹

Benjamin M. Bernstein, M.D., a gastroenterologist, described a much more difficult gastrointestinal disease, “...very sick with active diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of blood and consequent anemia, frequently with fever, markedly dehydrated and in severe cases, 'nigh unto death'.”⁶²   Referring to his successes with raw milk, he said, “…milk not only may, but should be used in the management of any type or variety of gastrointestinal disorder.”⁶³

Samuel Zuerling, M.D., ear, nose, and throat specialist, Assistant Surgeon, Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital, reported an unusual case treated with raw milk.⁶⁴   “Not long ago a gentleman came to me for relief of a severe burning sensation in the nose…he was panicky.  He had sought relief and obtained no results...the patient readily acceded to a milk...diet and in a few days had complete relief.”

The Bahimas of Africa drink six pints a day.  In fact, they eat little else.  This is also true of the Nuers of the Upper Nile, the Todas, the Kazaks, and the Hottentots.  They all live healthfully.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in women is an abscess involving the fallopian tube and ovary.  Seaman reported that conventional antibiotic therapy had not helped.  The woman went to an Indian country doctor who treated her with raw milk straight from his cow.  In six weeks she was free of disease.⁶⁵

Fermented raw milk has been shown to retard tumor growth and decrease the activity of alkylating agents associated with stomach cancer.⁶⁶

iii. IMMUNE RAW MILK THERAPY BENEFITS

Eighty years of research with successful Immune Raw Milk Therapy, from Ehrlich to Peterson, has been ignored by members of the American Medical Association:
Dr. Alan Howard, Cambridge University, England, discovered that whole raw milk actually protects against abnormally high cholesterol.  Feeding two quarts of whole milk a day to volunteers caused a drop in cholesterol.
Dr. George Mann, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, concurs with Dr. Howard.
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He found that four quarts of whole milk per day lowered blood cholesterol level by 25%.  Cambridge's Howard concluded, “. . . all this business that saturated fats in milk are bad for you is a lot of nonsense.”  Raw milk therapy is preferable to taking clofibrate, a chemical prescribed by doctors for lowering the cholesterol level of the blood.  Clofibrate can cause heart attacks, gall bladder attacks and cancer.
The Lancet reported on immune milk therapy by showing conclusively through a scholarly review of the literature and research that:
1) Antibody against disease is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood.
2) Rheumatoid arthritis and hay fever will respond to immune raw milk therapy.
3) The udder acts as an antibody-forming organ independent of the cow's blood-immune system.  The appropriate bacteria, fungus, or virus need only be infused directly into the teat canal for antibody production in the colostrum milk.

Doctors Peterson and Campbell of the University of Minnesota began rekindling the fires of controversy in 1955.  Peterson had had success treating rheumatoid arthritis patients with immune raw milk from cows immunized with streptococcus antigen.⁶⁷   There was great blind resistance to this therapy of arthritis.  Things got so emotional in Virginia that this perfectly harmless food was impounded by the state from two dairies.⁶⁸  They said it was a “biological product” (no kidding) and needed a Federal license.  The FDA declared that immune raw milk was a drug and confiscated 80 cases.”
Peterson's work with allergies:  The cow's udder was stimulated with pollen antigen such as rag weed.  The resulting immune raw milk was fed to asthma and hay fever sufferers.  In a controlled experiment, thirty-six patients were improved to a significant degree.  The symptoms disappeared in a definite order: First, the asthma, then nasal congestion, and lastly, itching of the eyes.
Dr. Donald H. Hastings, a Bismarck, North Dakota veterinarian, from University of Minnesota, aware of Peterson and Campbell’s work, read that the Japanese had isolated measles virus from the intestines of multiple sclerosis patients.  He postulated that multiple sclerosis is a viral-induced disease caused by measles and other viruses.  He produced immune raw milk from measles-inoculated cows and fed the raw milk to multiple sclerosis victims.  Hastings reported that forty percent of the multiple sclerosis patients got relief including alleviation of numbness, decrease in muscle twitching, and less fatigue.  “We put people on plain colostrum, and it doesn't work.”⁶⁹

3) RAW MILK AS A PRESERVATIVE

A remarkable quality of raw milk that housewives of pioneer days used was its ability to preserve meat.  Housewives immersed chops, steaks and roasts in large crocks of raw buttermilk, and assured fresh meat for the family year round.⁷⁰   The Arabs have been preserving meat with raw camel milk for thousands of years.  The Icelanders of 200 years ago preserved their sheep's heads in sour raw milk.
In 1908, an American doctor decided to try it himself. He immersed a beefsteak in raw buttermilk. Thirteen years later it was in a state of perfect preservation, “showing not the slightest taint or decay.” The doctor emphasized, “It should be mentioned right here, however,
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that these remarks are true only of clean cow's milk as it flows from the original fount, and do not hold for milk which has been boiled or pasteurized. . . processes which. . . deprive the milk of one of its most unique and valuable properties.”⁷¹

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5) HISTORY OF MOVEMENT AGAINST RAW MILK - The Creation of the Assumption That Pasteurized Milk Is Safer Than Raw Milk

Dr. Fosgate said, “The dairy cow has been sadly maligned by the dairy and food industry in general.  She has been pictured as a veritable 'Typhoid Mary' for all of the ills of man, including the common cold, when actually, the reverse is true.”

a. NATIONAL CLAIMS AGAINST RAW MILK

In order to understand how pasteurized milk became so prominent and over-powered raw milk in the market, we must look to three historical factors:  I) political and industrial forces, II) catastrophic circumstance, and III) propaganda.

1) Milton J. Rosenau, M.D., a prominent physician in the early 1900’s, campaigned to reduce milkborne diseases.  He stated in his textbook, “Next to water purification, pasteurization is the most important single preventive measure in the field of sanitation.”  In 1913, Rosenau became a Harvard University Medical School professor and a co-founder of the Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology School for Health Officers.  When Harvard established a school of public health in 1922, Rosenau directed its epidemiology program until 1935.  He did not conduct any empirical tests to prove that any animal was healthier by drinking raw and pasteurized milk, he simply was convinced of his speculation that pasteurized milk was healthier and safer. In 1936, he moved to the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, to help establish its public health school (1940), where he served as dean until his death in 1946.  He continually campaigned with an intense fervor against raw milk even in the face of Dr. Pottenger’s tests that proved Rosenau wrong.  By 1936, he had elevated, without scientific proof, pasteurized milk to the standard in most large cities, although over half of all milk in the United States was still consumed raw.⁷²
2) The Medical Milk Commission, responsible for certifying the purity and cleanliness of raw milk, had taken a strong stance against Pasteurization since their inception at the turn of the 20th century. In their official journal the Certified Milk Magazine they defended clean unpasteurized milk, properly inspected, as the milk of choice because of its superior nutrition, better digestibility, and freedom from disease-causing properties in heated milk.
3) In September 1929, the first pasteurized certified milk was sold.  There was vigorous objection to this from members of the milk commission and producers of raw milk,  but, the consumer was led to believe that pasteurization was an added benefit to certification of the raw product.  But there was no need for pasteurization with certified raw milk’s cleanliness and purity.
4) A fatal blow was dealt to the raw milk producers by Charles Speakes who was Secretary Treasurer of the American Association of Medical Milk Commissions, the national organization responsible for maintaining the standards, educating the public, and encouraging milk producers to produce clean pure raw milk.  Unbeknownst to the Milk Commission, he was also the Executive Secretary of the Milk Foundation that was dedicated to the eradication of raw milk and closely aligned with Dr. Milton J. Rosenau.  By the time the raw milk producers and commissioners realized that they were subverted, too much damage had been done.  At the time Speakes was fired in Washington DC, two telephones sat on his desk, one for the Milk Commission and one for the Milk Foundation.  While in office, Speakes had taken over the editorship of
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the official journal Certified Milk Magazine and the word “raw” was rarely mentioned.
5) A catastrophic circumstance leading to the demise of the raw milk industry was World War II.  Milk could not be shipped halfway around the world in its natural state.  This gave rise to massive pasteurization and powdered pasteurized milk.
6) We must look at the way in which people acquired certain information in order to understand why and how the general public, including doctors, came to believe that raw milk is dangerous.

Dr. Milton J. Rosenau had created a momentum and it continued with deceptive reports.  “Raw Milk Can Kill You,” was the headline of an article that appeared in the May 1945 issue of Coronet Magazine.  It continued, “Crossroads, U.S.A., is in one of those states in the Midwest area called the breadbasket and milk bowl of America.  Crossroads lies about twenty-five miles from the big city on a good paved highway ... What happened to Crossroads might happen to your town ... might happen almost anywhere in America.” Coronet's expert Dr. Harold Harris then went on to describe in livid detail the epidemic of undulant fever in Crossroads that infected 25% of the population and killed one in four.  Case histories were then given to show how subtle and debilitating the disease could be.  Investigation revealed the town of “Crossroads” does not even exist.  The entire article, because of the harm it did to the raw milk industry, and indirectly to the health of the American people, was as irresponsible as yelling “fire” in a crowded theatre.
“A curious incident in New York City,” Harris tells his wide-eyed readers, “concerned a physician who fell ill of brucellosis.”  Within a few days he was dead.  The source of his lethal infection of undulant fever, or brucellosis, was cheese “dripping with germs,” Harris reported.  The incident was false:  Undulant fever does not cause death in a few days.  Cheese does not transmit undulant fever.  Investigation through the New York City Health Department revealed that there was no such case ever reported.  Harris put forth many outlandish claims and preposterous misstatements.  It frightened people drinking raw milk.  Harris admitted to J. Howard Brown of Johns Hopkins University that he made the whole thing up and from his own writings revealed that he knew it could not have possibly happened.
Summary of Harris’ misstatements:   1) Undulant fever is a common disease in the United States.  Untrue;  2) Raw milk transmits undulant fever.  Untrue;  3) Cows that proved positive for undulant fever can pass the germ in their milk.  Untrue; 4)  Cows can tran