FOOD POISONING

&

FOODBORNE ILLNESS

What is Foodborne Illness?

Any illness which can be caused by eating contaminated food or water is a foodborne illness. More than thirty different types of foodborne illness are known.

Types of Foodborne Illness:

Food Poisoning:

Caused by toxins left when certain types of microbes are allowed to grow in the food.

Infections:

Caused when microbes (bacteria, protozoa) invade and begin attacking, usually, the digestive system.

Viral:

Caused when virus particles enter the body through food or water. Common ones affect the digestive tract or the liver.

Symptoms

• Most foodborne illnesses are of short duration (1 to 3 days) and are NOT life threatening.
  
• Sudden onset of severe vomiting or diarrhea without any upper respiratory symptoms
  
• Diarrhea lasting several days along with a fever
  
• Diarrhea with blood or excessive mucus
  
• Jaundice (yellowing skin or eyes)
  

Characteristics of Foodborne Illness

• The agents that cause foodborne illness cannot be tasted or smelled.
  
• Chances are your last meal was not the source of your illness. The time delay for common types of foodborne illness can range from 30 minutes to more than 30 days.
  
• You may feel fine for days following ingestion of a foodborne pathogen (germ).
  
• Try to recall every meal, snack, and drink taken during the 5 days before your first symptom.
  
• Also make note of all your activities like travel, visitors, meetings, shopping, contact with animals and events.
  

Treatment

• In most cases antibiotic treatment is not needed. However,if your illness persists or gets worse, call your physician.
  
• With most types of foodborne illness, dehydration is a major concern. Drink plenty of fluids. Your physician may prescribe medicines to stop vomiting or diarrhea.
  
• When diarrhea is bloody, mucousy, persists more than two days, or if there is a high fever, a stool culture is needed.
  
• Without results of a stool culture, investigation of the foodborne illness is very difficult. Often only an educated guess can be made as to what caused the illness.
  
• Leftover food samples usually cannot be tested.
  

Transmission of Illness

Many foodborne illnesses can be passed from person to person. Transmission can happen when people fail to wash their hands properly after using the toilet, before eating, touching their hands to their mouth, or handling food.

Impact of Foodborne Illness?

• Each year foodborne illnesses contributed to the deaths of 1000's.
  
• The principal costs of foodborne illness are pain, suffering, and lost time from work.
  
• Botulism, a rare type usually associated with improperly canned foods, is life threatening.
  

What to Do

• Take your temperature with a body thermometer (ear thermometers are safe and effective) several times during the course of the illness if possible.
  
• Seek medical attention in case of severe dehydration, bloody stool, mucousy stool, or a fever that lasts more than 2 days.
  
• Call to report if you suspect a food made you sick!!
  

Prevention

• Wash hands with plenty of warm soapy water after using the toilet, before eating or handling food.
  
• Also wash hands, utensils, cutting boards and counters immediately after preparing raw meats.
  
• Keep cold foods less than 45° F and hot foods more than 140° F.
  
• Cut roasts or turkey into smaller chunks before refrigeration. Stock pots of food must be broken down into containers with food no more than 3" deep. Rapid cooling is the goal.
  
• Cook all meats thoroughly so the juices run clear, never bloody.
  
• Wash fruits and vegetables before peeling or eating.
  
• Know your source: Purchase foods only from reputable firms.
  
• DO NOT prepare foods for others when you have symptoms of diarrhea, fever, jaundice or vomiting.
  

• Prevention: Chances are you're not the only one who got sick! If we can find what caused your your illness, we may be able to prevent other cases.
  
• Reporting: The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) says that fewer than 1 in 10 people tell the health department about their illness.
  
• Duty: Foodborne illnesses are preventable. The cost to society (pain, suffering, lost work time) is high. Together we can win.
  

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