Course Contents
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Objectives Purpose of power conversion Why convert power?
Fundamental Physical Concepts Starts from high school physics
level: The Nature of Magnetic Induction Faraday's
Law Lenz's Law Self-Inductance
Basic Converter Topologies What is a Basic Topology?
The Basic Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost Converter
Modes of Operation Two Modes of Operation
The Continuous and the Discontinuous Conduction Modes
Basic Energy Transfer Concepts
Design Formulation Derive equations for design. Step-by-step
design examples.
Converters Operating in the Discontinuous Conduction Mode Derive
equations for design. Comparison of properties between the two modes. Frequency
response behaviors of the three basic types of converters operating in
the two different modes. Design examples.
The Concept of Duality What is Duality? Some Basic Rules. Applications
of the Duality Concept in Power Conversion
The Isolated-Converters Evolution of Buck-Derived Converters.
The Push-Pull, the Forward, the Half-Bridge, and the Bridge Converters.
Derivation of Design Equations for the Forward Converter with Design Example:
Calculation of Turns Ratio, Inductance, Peak Current, etc. Half-Bridge
and Bridge Converter Design Examples Complete Derivation of Design Equations
for the Buck-boost Derived Flyback Converter in Both Operating Modes. Design
of Multiple Output Flyback Converters. The Boost-Buck Derived C~uk Converter
Motivation for its discovery. Why is it regarded as 'optimum'? Design example.
Frequency response, calculator analysis.
Linearity and Non-Linearity The Meaning of Linearity; Nonlinearity
The Essentially 'Linear' Characteristics of the Buck and Buck-Derived Types
of Converters Physical Understanding of the Non-Linear Nature of the Boost
and Buck-Boost Converters. The Problems of Analyzing Non-Linear Circuits
The Canonical Model Always in touch with physical significance
of the model development. Development of Models for Basic and Derived Converters.
Models for Multiple Output Converters.
State-Space Averaging What is State-Space Averaging? Explanation
of the Analytical Results The Right Half Plane Zero. The Concept of Effective
Output Filter. The Reason for Higher Loss
in Boost and Buck-Boost Converters for given e.s.r. and rL.
The Analysis of Power Converters based on the Results of State-Space Averaging
Analysis
Calculator Aided Analysis and Design Still the most portable.
Application of the calculator to analyze the open loop response of the
power converter How to tailor loop gain to put
the converter response in perspective. Analysis of gain and phase margin.
The Modulator What is a modulator?
Function of the modulator Principal components.
Fundamentals of Resonant Power Conversion
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A.c. Circuit Theory — Series-Parallel Equivalence — Impedance Transformation
— Circuit Quality Q Factor — Tuned Circuits and Resonance — Impedance of
Tuned Circuits — Resonant Frequency — Loaded Q and Unloaded Q — General
discussion of Series Loaded Resonant Inverter — Parallel Loaded Resonant
Inverter — Series-Parallel Resonant Inverter
Application of Resonant Inverters in Lamp Ballast Circuits
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High Frequency — Voltage-Fed Class D Parallel-Loaded Resonant Inverter
— General Description — Derivation of Design Equations from basic principles
— Calculation of Component Values for N-Lamp Circuit, etc.
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Current-Fed Push-Pull Parallel Resonant Inverter — Complete Design Procedure
with historical overview — Design Example — Calculation of component values
for N-Lamp circuit. SPICE Netlist — SPICE Simulation of Electronic Ballast
Circuits
Feedback Theory and System Stability Considerations Basic Feedback
Theory from first principles. The Effect
of Feedback on Output and Input Impedance
The Operational Amplifier as a Circuit Element What is Loop Gain? What
is Phase Margin? What is Gain Margin? Loop gain adjustment and cross-over
frequency. Pole-Zero Transfer Function manipulation. And much more.
Input Filter Interaction Input Filter Interaction with the Feedback
Loop Nature of the LC Tuned Circuit The Concept of Negative Resistance
Slope of the Power Converter The Formation of an
Oscillator Concept of the 'Trap' Circuit.
Control of Power Converters Voltage Mode, Feed Forward and Current
Mode Control Loop response of converters using
current control: Right half plane zero Single slope roll-off Compensation
Ramp in Current Mode Converters: Similarities and differences between the
current mode control converter and the duty ratio control voltage mode
converter.
The Transformer Fundamental concepts in transformer design.
Core Selection Core material and operating frequency. Faraday's Equation.
High Frequency Power Transformer design using two basic equations. Design
of Drive Transformer: Design of Current Transformers: Accuracy of monitoring
value. Magnetizing current. Preloading requirement Core selection. Power
loss calculation. Reset methods.
Design of Power Inductors Design of D. C. Biased Power Inductors:
Ampere's Law Application Examples of d. c. biased inductors: The output
filter inductor The flyback energy storage inductor A. C. Inductor Design:
Derivation of design formulas for the a. c. inductor. Application Example
of the a. c. inductor: Inverter output filter inductor.
Matrix Transformer Technology What is a matrix transformer?
Construction The 'turns ratio' concept. Current density Heat distribution
Use conventional transformer techniques to design matrix transformers Trading
core area for the number of turns. Applications: The symmetrical push-pull
converter. The rotated symmetrical forward converter
Power Factor Correction Reasons for low power factor
Harmonic content. Power factor in conventional switch
mode power converters. Passive power factor correction. Advantages and
disadvantages. Active Power Factor Correction The popular boost front-end.
Open loop operations Closed loop operations with power sense
Comparison of the boost converter operating in the two different conduction
modes. Performance and cost trade off's. Design
of component value for both modes
Measurements and Evaluation Techniques Measurement of system
closed loop gain Method of noise reduction. Concept of relative
amplitudes Signal injection. Dynamic testing of
power converters.
Advanced Topologies Qualitative Overview of: High Conversion
Ratio Topologies: D2, and other high ratio Topologies.