Proofreading with
SWAPS
Use the following proofreading
guide to weed out common errors. Until you use them
automatically, you may find it helpful to remember the steps
using the acronym
"SWAPS."
S
|
Sentence
Structure
|
Check each sentence to be
sure it is not a
- Run on
sentence.
- Sentence
fragment.
- Sentence that
doesn't make sense.
- Stringy
sentence.
(one that contains more than two independent
clauses)
|
W
|
Word
Usage
|
- Be sure you've used
the correct word.
- Avoid slang words.
(kids, homies, neat, etc.)
- Use precise nouns
and verbs. (Word choice)
- Avoid contractions
in formal writing.
|
A
|
Agreement
|
- Be sure that
subjects and verbs agree in number.
(singular or plural)
- Be sure pronouns
agree with their antecedent in number.
(singular or plural)
- Be sure pronouns
are in the correct case. (subjective or
objective e.g. between you and
me)
- Keep verb tenses
consistent. (present, past, future,
etc.)
- Keep voice
consistent. (Don't switch incorrectly from
first to second person, etc.)
- Keep similar items
parallel.
|
P
|
Punctuation
|
- Be sure all
sentences have ending
punctuation.
- Check to be sure
questions end with question
marks.
- Use commas after
introductory words and
phrases.
- Use commas after
items in lists except for the last
item.
- Use a comma in a
compound sentence just before the
coordinating conjunction.
(FANBOYS)
- Use commas to
set apart non-essential phrases, clauses and
appositives.
- Omit unnecessary
commas.
- Use a comma
after a dependent clause when it comes before an
independent clause.
|
S
|
Spelling &
Capitalization
|
- Check for
careless spelling errors.
(Use
your
spell-checker)
- Avoid casual
spelling such as cause for
because and gonna
for going to.
- Remember that
a lot is two
words.
- Begin each sentence
with a capital.
- Check
homonyms to be sure you have spelled the one
you mean (there, their, they're; where,were;
to, too, two; your, you're)
- Capitalize
proper nouns including
I.
- Eliminate
unnecessary capitals.
- Check to be sure
apostrophes are used in contractions and
possessives.
Source:
http://7-12educators.miningco.com
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