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10.  Meteorology and Flight

 

486.     Ackerman, Steven A., and John A. Knox. Meteorology: Understanding the Atmosphere. 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brookes/Cole-Thomson Learning, 2006. 528 pages. Excellent illustrations. Good alternative to Ahrens’ Meteorology Today.

 

487.     Ahrens, C. Donald. Essentials of Meteorology. 4th ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brookes/Cole-Thomson Learning, 2004. 496 pages. A slightly abbreviated version of Meteorology Today. The table of contents is as follows:

 

1.     The Earth’s Atmosphere
2.     Warming the Earth and the Atmosphere
3.     Humidity, Condensation, and Clouds
5.     Cloud Development and Precipitation
6.     Air Pressure and Winds
7.     Atmospheric Circulations
8.     Air Masses, Fronts, and Middle-Latitude Cyclones
9.     Weather Forecasting
10.   Thunderstorms and Tornadoes
11.   Hurricanes
12.   Air Pollution
13.   Global Climate
14.   Climate Change
15.   Light, Color, and Atmospheric Optics
Appendix A: Units, Conversions, Abbreviations, and Equations
Appendix B: Equations and Constants
Appendix C: Weather Symbols and the Station Model
Appendix D: Humidity and Dew-Point Tables (Psychromatic Tables)
Appendix E: Köppen’s Climatic Classification System
Appendix F: Heat Index (HI) Table
Appendix G. Beaufort Wind Scale (Overland)
Appendix H: Standard Atmosphere
Additional Reading Material
Glossary
Index

 

488.     Ahrens, C. Donald. Meteorology Today. 8th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Thomson Higher Education, 2007. 608 pages. Excellent general meteorological text. Contains numerous color photographs and illustrations. Excellent explanations of meteorological phenomena. After Ahrens, Wallace and Hobbs is the next step.

 

489.     Alaka, M. A. Aviation Aspects of Mountain Waves. Geneva: World Meteorological Organization, 1958. One of the most in depth coverage of the mountain wave phenomenon available, though this book is dated. Among other resources, any research into mountain waves would include this book and a copy of the Japanese Investigation Commission’s accident report concerning the BOAC B-707-436 (G-APFE) which disintegrated in mountain wave turbulence over Mount Fuji on March 5, 1966. The full text of this report was published in the August 28, 1967 issue of Aviation Week & Space Technology (pages 115-133). See also Job, Air Disaster, vol. 1.

 

490.     Barr, James C. Airborne Weather Radar: A User’s Guide. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press, 1993. 131 pages. A long-needed popular work on the use of airborne weather radar to avoid thunderstorms and terrain. The only similar work is by Manning’s Weather Radar for Pilots, a CAA publication. Other sources of information include very comprehensive operating manuals published by the radar manufacturers, such as Bendix or Collins. Includes many good diagrams, a glossary, a good bibliography, and index. This book is organized as follows:

 

·   Radar Theory, Components, and Hardware

·   Reflectivity and Attenuation

·   Tilt Management

·   Terminal and En Route

·   Weather Evaluations Strategy for Weather Avoidance

·   Operational Summary

·   Meteorology Narrative

·   Mock Flight

 

491.     Battan, Louis J. The Thunderstorm. New York: Signet Key Books, 1964. 128 pages.

 

492.     Bluestein, Howard B. Tornado Alley: Monster Storms of the Great Plains. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. 180 pages Excellent photos and in depth theory of severe storms in general and tornados in particular.

 

493.     Bradbury, Tom. Meteorology and Flight: A Pilot’s Guide to Weather. 4th ed. London: A&C Black, 2004. 192 pages.

 

494.     Buck, Robert N. Weather Flying. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997. 304 pages. The classic practical manual about flying all kinds of weather. Captain Buck (TWA-retired) doesn’t just tell readers to stay away from thunderstorms, he tells them what it’s like to penetrate a severe thunderstorm. The only directly comparable book is Newton’s Severe Weather Flying--both books have their strong points, but Buck’s has less theory and more practical applications. Good half-tone photographs. Index. This book is organized as follows:

 

·   Weather Flying

·   A Little Theory for Weather Flying

·   Looking at the Big weather Picture

·   Checking Weather Details

·   Checking Weather for the Route

·   Equipment Needs for Weather Flying

·   Temperature, An Important Part of Weather Flying

·   Some Psychology of Weather Flying

·   Turbulence and Flying It

·   VFR-Flying Weather Visually

·   About Keeping Proficient

·   Flying Instruments

·   Thunderstorms and Flying Them

·   Ice and Flying It

·   Taking Off in Bad Weather

·   Weather Flying En Route

·   Landing in Bad Weather

·   Teaching Yourself to Fly Weather

 

495.     Byers, H. R., and R. R. Braham. The Thunderstorm: Report of the Thunderstorm Project. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1949. 300 pages. Reprint now available from the University Press of the Pacific (2002).

 

496.     Cagle, Malcolm W., and C. G. Halpine. A Pilot’s Meteorology. 3rd ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1970. 407 pages. A good introductory aviation meteorology text that is sorely in need of updating. The many illustrations reproduced herein are mostly taken from other military weather books.

 

497.     Caracena, Fernando, R. L. Holley, and C. A. Doswell III. Microbursts: A Handbook for Visual Identification. Boulder, CO: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989. 35 pages. A pictorial work designed to acquaint pilots with the visual identifiers of microburst activity. See also: Fujita, The Downburst; Fujita, DFW Microburst; National Research Council, Low-Altitude Wind Shear and Its Hazard to Aviation.

 

498.     Collins, Richard L. Thunderstorms and Airplanes. New York: Delacorte Press/Eleanor Friede, 1982. 280 pages. Index. No bibliography. Mr. Collins omits certain information concerning some of the accidents which are covered in chapter 6, such as the airlines involved and the dates of occurrence. To find information contained on specific accidents, one must look in the index under the type of aircraft involved. The book contains good discussions on thunderstorm theory, severe weather forecasting, aircraft strength requirements when dealing turbulent air, ATC responsibilities in thunderstorm avoidance, airborne weather avoidance tools, and recommendations for flying a thunderstorm, if one is inadvertently encountered. See also: McClement: Anvil of the Gods. Some of the accidents discussed include the following:

 

·   Continental B-727-224 Aug. 7, 1975 (N88777) Denver, CO

·   Ozark FH-227B July 23, 1973 (N4215) St. Louis, MO

·   Southern DC-9 April 4, 1977 (N1335U) New Hope, GA
See also: Purl, Am I Alive?

·   Eastern B-727-225 June 24, 1975 (N8845E) New York, NY

·   Braniff L-188 Electra May 3, 1968 (N9707C) near Dawson, TX

·   Braniff BAC-111 Aug. 6, 1966 (N1553) near Falls City, NB

·   Pan Am B-707-321 Dec. 8, 1963 (N709PA) Elkton, MD

·   Iranian Air Force B-747 May 9, 1976 (5-8104) Madrid, Spain

 

499.     Cosgrove, Brian. Pilot’s Weather: A Commonsense Approach to Meteorology. Plymouth Press, 1999. 192 pages.

 

500.     Eagleman, Joe R. Severe and Unusual Weather. 2nd ed. Lenexa, KS: Trimedia Publishing Co., 1990. 394 pages. Less technical than Kessler’s Thunderstorm Morphology and Dynamics, Eagleman’s book contains excellent text and numerous graphics explaining the principles of severe weather. Each chapter contains a listing of suggested readings on both basic and advanced levels. Index. The book (1983 edition) is organized as follows:

 

·   The Largest Storm on Earth

·   Blizzards and Chinooks

·   Setting the Stage for Severe Thunderstorms

·   Nature of Severe Thunderstorms

·   The Strongest Storm on Earth [tornado]

·   Fire From Above [lightning]

·   Ice From the Sky [hail]

·   The Mighty Middle-Size Storm [hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones]

·   Famous Hurricanes and Tropical Cyclones

·   Prediction and Modification of Hurricanes

·   Unusual Atmospheric Storms and Synoptic Patterns

·   Floods and Drought

·   Urban and Agricultural Weather Modification Laboratory

·   Tornadoes Softening the Blow

·   Harvesting Wind and Sunlight

·   Human Response to Severe and Unusual Weather

 

501.     Federal Aviation Administration. Aviation Weather for Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel (AC 00-6A). Washington, DC: FAA, 1975. An average introduction to meteorology for pilots and other flight operations personnel. So sorely in need of updating that microbursts are not addressed. Other basic aviation weather texts are more up to date and hence more suitable. Lester’s, The Aviation Weather Book and the U.S. Air Force’s Weather for Aircrews are currently better choices.

 

502.     Federal Aviation Administration. Aviation Weather Services (AC 00-45E). Washington, DC: FAA, 2000. Supplements AC 00-6A, Aviation Weather, in that it explains the weather service in general and the use and interpretation of reports, forecasts, weather maps, and prognostic charts in detail. Needs updating. Updated and expanded edition published by John Holley.

 

503.     Federal Aviation Administration. Windshear Training Aid. 4 vols. Washington, DC: Federal Aviation Administration, 1987. Available from the National Technical Information Service. Other training aids include Airplane Upset Recovery, CFIT Education, Propulsion System Malfunctions, Takeoff Safety, Turbulence Education, Volcanic Ash Awareness, and Wake Turbulence. The Windshear Training Aid is the first of these publications and includes the following sections:

 

Vol.1       Windshear Overview for Management
Vol. 2      Pilot Windshear Guide
Vol. 3      Example Windshear Training Program
Vol. 4      Windshear Substantiating Data

 

504.     Federal Aviation Administration. Winter Operations Guidance for Air Carriers and Other Adverse Weather Topics. Rev. ed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990. Contains reprints of numerous FAA Advisory Circulars and other published periodical articles concerning winter operations. Updated periodically. The articles include some of those published by Boeing, Lockheed, and McDonnell-Douglas. Includes an index. This volume is organized as follows:

 

·   General Winter Weather Operating Considerations (11 articles)

·   Winter Weather Ramp Operations, Aircraft Ground Deicing, and Fuel System Icing Precautions (12 articles)

·   Inflight Winter Weather Considerations (6 articles)

·   Winter Weather Takeoff and Landing Considerations (9 articles)

·   Winter Operations with Helicopters (2 articles)

·   Other Adverse Weather Topics (6 articles dealing with wind shear, thunderstorms, and lightning)

 

505.     Fisher, Franklin A., and J. Anderson Plumer. Lightning Protection of Aircraft. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1977. 550 pages.

 

506.     Fujita, T. Theodore. DFW Microburst: On August 2, 1985. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 1986. 154 pages. Concerns the meteorological phenomenon known as a microburst and how it played a role in the crash of the Delta L-1011 (N726DA) at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport on August 2, 1985. Meteorological text. Color photographs and illustrations. Subject index. Bibliography. Companion volume to Fujita, The Downburst: Microburst and Macroburst. See also: Chandler, Fire and Rain: A Tragedy in American Aviation.

 

507.     Fujita, T. Theodore. The Downburst: Microburst and Macroburst. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 1986. 122 pages. Meteorological text. Color photographs and illustrations. Subject index. Bibliography. Companion volume to Fujita, DFW Microburst: On August 2, 1985.

 

508.     Great Britain. Handbook of Aviation Meteorology. 3rd ed. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1994. 401 pages.

 

509.     Holford, Ingrid. The Air Pilot’s Weather Guide. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publications, 1988. 104 pages.

 

510.     Holley, John. Aviation Weather Services Explained: The Companion Workbook to AC 00-45E. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: Aviation Supplies and Academics, 2001. 197 pages.

 

511.     Holley, John. Beyond the Basics: Concepts for Advanced Meteorology in Aviation. Dubuque, IA: Kendall-Hunt, 1994. 128 pages. Written by an Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Prescott campus meteorology professor.

 

512.     Kessler, Edwin, Ed. Thunderstorm Morphology and Dynamics. 2nd ed. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1986. 411 pages. Thunderstorm Morphology and Dynamics is the second volume in the three-volume series: “Thunderstorms: A Social, Scientific, and Technological Documentary.” The Thunderstorm in Human Affairs and Instruments and Techniques for Thunderstorm Observation and Analysis comprise volumes one and three, respectively. A series containing the works of some of the foremost experts on thunderstorms. Although some chapters get quite technical with mathematical explanations, most chapters are understandable by intelligent laymen. It is most important that pilots have an comprehensive understanding of severe weather and this volume more than adequately fulfills this requirement. Volume 2 is organized as follows:

 

·   Introduction-Frank H. Ludlam

·   Thunderstorm Climatology-Arnold Court and John F. Griffiths

·   Thunderstorms at Sea-Frederick Sanders and John C. Freeman

·   Basic Thunderstorm Energetics and Thermodynamics-Grant L. Darkow

·   Thunderstorms in the Synoptic Setting-Stanley L. Barnes and Chester W. Newton

·   Thunderstorms and Their Mesoscale Environment-Joseph T. Schaefer, L. Ray Hoxit, and Charles F. Chappell

·   Morphology and Classification of Middle-Latitude Thunderstorms-Keith A. Browning

·   Tropical Convection-Yoshi Ogura

·   The Gust Front-Yoshi K. Sasaki and Thomas L. Baxter

·   Tornado Dynamics-Robert Davies-Jones

·   Hailfall and Hailstorm Characteristics-Griffith M. Morgan, Jr. and Peter W. Summers

·   Properties and Growth of Hailstones-Roland List

·   Storm Electricity and Lightning-Edward T. Pierce

·   Model Relationships Among Storm Cloudiness, Precipitation, and Airflow-Edwin Kessler

·   Mathematical Modeling of Convection-Richard A. Anthes, Harold D. Orville, and David J. Raymond

·   Modification of Thunderstorms-Louis J. Battan

 

513.     Kraght, Peter E. Airline Weather Services, 1931-1981: The American Airlines Experience. Published by the Author, 1986. 180 pages.

 

514.     Lankford, Terry T. Aviation Weather Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000. 656 pages.

 

515.     Lankford, Terry T. Weather. Series: Controlling Pilot Error. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001. 200 pages.

 

516.     Lester, Peter F. Aviation Weather. 2nd ed. Englewood, CO: Jeppesen Sanderson, 1995. Paged by section. Excellent text and graphics. Much more current than the FAA’s Aviation Weather which hasn’t been updated since 1975.

 

517.     Lester, Peter F. Turbulence: A New Perspective for Pilots. Englewood, CO: Jeppesen Sanderson, 1994. 280 pages. The most comprehensive treatment of atmospheric turbulence for pilots available. Includes a glossary, excellent bibliography, and index. Good half-tone photographs. Many tables, diagrams, and illustrations. A good supplement for Lester’s Aviation Weather. The book is organized as follows:

 

·   Background

·   Low-Level Turbulence

·   Turbulence In and Near Thunderstorms

·   Clear Air Turbulence (CAT)

·   Mountain Wave Turbulence

·   Turbulence and Flight Planning

·   The Future

 

518.     Manning, G. E. Weather Radar for Pilots (CAP 448). 2nd ed. London: Civil Aviation Authority, 1983. 71 pages. A brief book concerning the uses and abuses of weather radar. Sections include: “Atmospheric Turbulence, Systems Description and Operating Technique, Interpretation, Operational Use, Flight in Turbulence, Ground Mapping, System Malfunction, and Source Material and Further Reading.” Excellent bibliography. No index.

 

519.     McClement, Fred. Anvil of the Gods: Modern Airplanes vs. Violent Storms. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1964. 272 pages. Index. No bibliography. Concerns air carrier accidents resulting from encounters with thunderstorms. A very well written book and highly recommended. See also: Collins, Thunderstorms and Airplanes. Among other topics, the following accidents are discussed in some detail:

 

·   Trans Canada L-1049 Dec. 17, 1954 (CF-TGG) Brampton, Ontario

·   Maritime Central DC-4 Aug. 11, 1957 (CF-MCF) near Issoudun, Quebec
Note: The same captain was in command of both this aircraft and of the TCA Constellation above.

·   Northwest DC-4 June 23, 1950 (N95425) Benton Harbor, MI

·   Capital Viscount 745D May 12, 1959 (N7463) Chase, MD
Note: Capital also lost an L-049 Constellation which involved fatalities at the airport in Charleston, West Virginia about one hour after the Viscount disintegrated in a thunderstorm.

·   BOAC DC-4M-2 Argonaut June 24, 1956 (G-ALHE) Kano, Nigeria

·   National Lodestar Nov. 12, 1954 (N19911) Miami, FL

·   Trans Canada DC-4M Dec. 9, 1956 (CF-TFD) Mt. Slesse, BC

See also: O’Keefe, Disaster on Mount Slesse

·   BOAC Comet May 2, 1953 (G-ALYV) Jagalgori, India
See also: Dempster, The Tale of the Comet and Hewat, The Comet Riddle

·   Trans Ocean DC-6A July 12, 1953 (N90806) near Wake Island

·   Braniff DC-3 Aug. 22, 1954 (N61451) near Mason City, IA

·   United DC-3 April 28, 1951 (N16088) Fort Wayne, IN

·   TWA DC-3 Nov. 4, 1944 (unk) Hanford, CA

·   Northwest Martin 202 Aug. 29, 1948 (N93044) near Winona, MI

·   Northwest B-720B Feb. 12, 1963 (N724US) S.W. of Miami, FL

·   United B-720 (incident) July 12, 1963 (unk) near O’Neill, NB

·   Mohawk Martin 404 July 2, 1963 (N449A) Rochester, NY

·   Northwest DC-7C June 3, 1963 (N290) Queen Charlotte Islands, BC

·   United Arab Comet July 27, 1963 (SU-ALD) near Madh Island

·   Air Inter Viscount Aug. 12, 1963 (F-BGNV) near Lyon, France

·   Airnautic Viking Sept. 12, 1963 (F-BJER) near Perignan

·   Trans Canada DC-8F Nov. 29, 1963 (CF-TJN) Montreal, Quebec

·   Pan Am B-707-321 Dec. 8, 1963 (N709PA) Elkton, MD
Lightning entering the surge tank fuel vent caused an explosion which resulted in the separation of the outer portion of the left wing in flight.

·   Eastern DC-8 Feb. 25, 1964 (N8607) New Orleans, LA
Mr. McClement prematurely attributed the cause of this accident to thunderstorm turbulence. In actuality, the crash was caused by a defective Pitch-Trim Compensator.

 

520.     McCool, Kenneth B. Aviation Meteorology Unscrambled: For VFR and IFR Operations/Certificates and Ratings. 7th ed. Gainesville, TX: Kenneth B. McCool, 2002. Paged by section.

 

521.     Morrison, Tom. Quest for All-Weather Flight. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife, 2003. 288 pages.

 

522.     Murchie, Guy. Song of the Sky: An Exploration of the Ocean of Air. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954. 438 pages. Classic book on aeronautical meteorology. Almost literary in its prose. Index. No bibliography.

 

523.     Murchie, Guy. The World Aloft. New York: Bantam Books, 1983. 241 pages. One volume in the “Aviator’s Bookshelf: The Classics of Flying Series.” An updated and abridged paperback edition of Song of the Sky.

 

524.     National Research Council. Aviation Weather Services: A Call for Federal Leadership and Action. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1995.

 

525.     National Research Council. Low-Altitude Wind Shear and Its Hazard to Aviation. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1983. 112 pages. Good overview of wind shear/microburst knowledge through 1982. Glossary of acronyms and abbreviations. No index. Good bibliography. Some diagrams, graphs, and tables. Interesting table listing wind shear related aircraft accidents and incidents from 1964 to 1982 (pages 14-15). Although some of the information in this 1983 book has since been superseded, much of the information is still valid.

 

526.     Newton, Dennis. Severe Weather Flying. 3rd ed. Seattle, WA: Aviation Supplies & Academics, 2002. 190 pages. Highly recommended work on the practical aspects of aeronautical meteorology. The chapters are relatively short and easy to digest. This book, along with Bob Buck’s Weather Flying, should be required reading for all aviators. Index. No bibliography. Photographs and drawings. The book is organized as follows:

 

·   The Four Fundamentals (water, temperature, lifting, and stability)

·   The Ups and Downs of Air

·   Stability

·   Air Mass Thunderstorms

·   In this Corner, Mama Bear (steady state thunderstorms)

·   Will the Real Papa Bear Please Stand Up? (severe thunderstorms)

·   The Downburst

·   Lightning

·   Thunderstorm Weather Briefing

·   Nocturnal Thunderstorms

·   Thunderstorm Detection Equipment

·   Hows and Whys of Icing

·   Weather Briefing

·   In-Flight Icing Avoidance

·   Ice Protection Equipment

·   Icing Certification

·   Nonconvective Turbulence and Wind Shear

 

527.     Pao, Yih-Ho, and Arnold Goldburg, Eds. Clear Air Turbulence and Its Detection. New York: Plenum, 1969. 542 pages.

 

528.     Quantick, H.R. Climatology for Airline Pilots. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2001. 284 pages.

 

529.     Rauber, Robert M., Donna J. Charlevoix, and John E. Walsh. Severe and Hazardous Weather. 2nd ed. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt, 2005. 558 pages. Used as a textbook in an Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University meteorology course. The Table of Contents for the first edition follows:

 

Chapter 1        Properties of the Atmosphere    
 Chapter 2        Meteorological Measurements    
 Chapter 3        Weather Maps    
 Chapter 4        Forecasting and Simulating Severe Weather    
 Chapter 5        Atmospheric Stability    
 Chapter 6        Forces and Force Balances    
 Chapter 7        The Development of High- and Low-Pressure Systems    
 Chapter 8        Airmasses and Fronts    
 Chapter 9        Extratropical Cyclones Forming East of the Rocky Mountains    
 Chapter 10      Extratropical Cyclones Forming Along the East and Gulf Coasts    
 Chapter 11      Freezing Precipitation and Ice Storms    
 Chapter 12      Lake Effect Snowstorms    
 Chapter 13      Cold Waves    
 Chapter 14      Great Plains Blizzards    
 Chapter 15      Mountain Snowstorms    
 Chapter 16      Mountain Windstorms    
 Chapter 17      Thunderstorms    
 Chapter 18      Tornadoes    
 Chapter 19      Hailstorms    
 Chapter 20      Lightning    
 Chapter 21      Downbursts    
 Chapter 22      El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation    
 Chapter 23      Tropical Cyclones    
 Chapter 24      Floods  
 Chapter 25      Drought  
 Chapter 26      Heat Waves  
 Appendix A  Units, Conversions, and Constants 
Appendix B  Blank Maps and Charts 
Appendix C  Geography Overview 
Appendix D  Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Severe and Hazardous Weather 
Sources and Additional Reading 
Glossary  
Index  

 

530.     Schaefer, Vincent J., and John A. Day. A Field Guide to the Atmosphere. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. 359 pages.

 

531.     Scorer, Richard S., and Arjen Verkaik. Spacious Skies. London: David & Charles, 1989. 192 pages. Included for its excellent explanations and photographs of severe weather phenomena.

 

532.     Stull, Roland B. Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers: A Technical Companion Book to C. Donald Ahrens’ Meteorology Today. 3rd  ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brookes/Cole-Thomson Learning, 2005. 550 pages.

 

533.     Taylor, Richard. Aviation Weather: Forces to be Reckoned With. Greenwich, CT: Belvoir, 1991. 240 pages.

 

534.     United Air Lines. Weather Manual. Chicago, IL: National Air Transport, Inc. (division of United Airlines), 1932. Over 400 pages.

 

535.     United Air Lines, Inc, and Henry T. Harrison.  The Display of Weather Echoes on 5.5 cm Airborne Radar. UAL Meteorology Circular No. 39. Denver, CO: United Air Lines, 1956. 96 pages.

 

536.     United Air Lines, Inc, and Henry T. Harrison.  Progress in Forecasting High Level Clear Air Turbulence. UAL Meteorology Circular No. 52. Denver, CO: United Air Lines, 1961.

 

537.     United Air Lines, Inc, and Joseph L. Deutsch.  Enroute Weather Over the United Air Lines System. UAL Meteorology Circular No. 51. Denver, CO: United Air Lines, 1961. 165 pages.

 

538.     United Air Lines, Inc, M.E. Balzer, and Henry T. Harrison.  The Nature of  High Level Clear Air Turbulence. UAL Meteorology Circular No. 48. Denver, CO: United Air Lines, 1959.

 

539.     United Air Lines, Inc, and W. Boynton Beckwith.  The Use of Weather Radar in Turbojet Operations. UAL Meteorology Circular No. 53. Denver, CO: United Air Lines, 1961. 67 pages.

 

540.     United States. Department of Commerce. Federal Plan for Clear Air Turbulence. Rockville: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1969. 73 pages.

 

541.     United States. Department of the Air Force. Weather for Aircrews (AFM 51-12). 2 vols. Washington, DC: Department of the Air Force, 1981-1982. Paged by section.

 

542.     Wallace, John M., and Peter V. Hobbs. Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey. 2nd ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2006. 504 pages. The next text to read after Ahrens. Excellent text for science and meteorology majors.

 

543.     Whiteman, C.D. Mountain Meteorology: Fundamentals and Applications. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 355 pages.

 

544.     Wickson, K. M. (Mike). Meteorology for Pilots. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publishing, Ltd., 1992. 310 pages.

 

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Copyright ©1995-2007 by Kenneth G. Madden