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Here's another huge book of the Bible, and one of the key books used by Christians for linkage between the Jewish religious texts and the events of the New Testament. According to most biblical scholars, this book was written by between 2 and 6 different people, with the first major division in writing styles coming at chapter 40. If you like, you can look into this issue yourself - I have no idea exactly how these ideas are arrived at or supported. I do know that this book is just chock-full of strange things.
Is 1:11 - What to me is the multitude of your sacrifices? Says the
LORD. I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams and the fat of fed
beasts; I do not delight in the blood of bulls, or of lambs, or of
goats.
This is interesting, and shows a dawning
realization that the religious cycle of breaking rules (sin) and
sacrificing (obtaining forgiveness) is not leading to the result of
getting the people to act correctly. The first thing I thought of was
that an omniscient god would have known this wouldn't work in the
first place, and thought up something that would have worked. Second,
if God didn't delight in the sacrifices, why would he order the
system created in the first place?
Is 1:16,17 - Wash yourselves, make yourselves clean; remove the
evil of your doings from before my eyes; cease to do evil, learn to
do good; seek justice, rescue the oppressed, defend the orphan, plead
for the widow.
Here's some noble sentiments, and I agree
everyone should follow the advice. However, the question arises, why
would God tell us to make ourselves clean, when in other places the
Bible states that this is impossible?
Is 3:1-3 - For now the Sovereign, the LORD of hosts, is taking
away from Jerusalem and from Judah support and staff - all support of
bread and all support of water - warrior and soldier, judge and
prophet, diviner and elder, captain of fifty and dignitary, counselor
and skillful magician and expert enchanter.
Hold on a second! Where did those last two
"vital" professional groups come from? Are these types of people
necessary for running a city? Must be one loony sort of place where
the government employs magicians and enchanters (though in our
governments, snake oil salesmen seem to abound)!
Is 3:16,17 - The LORD said: Because the daughters of Zion are
haughty and walk with outstretched necks, glancing wantonly with
their eyes, mincing along as they go, tinkling with their feet; the
LORD will afflict with scabs the heads of the daughters of Zion, and
the LORD will lay bare their secret parts.
This is pretty immature, I think. To threaten
women with such treatment, just because they liked to look attractive
is silly. This sounds like the bitterness a man can experience when
he's rejected often by pretty women.
Is 4:3,4 - Whoever is left in Zion and remains in Jerusalem will
be called holy, everyone who has been recorded for life in Jerusalem,
once the LORD has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and
cleansed the bloodstains of Jerusalem from its midst by a spirit of
judgment and by a spirit of burning.
I wonder if this is where the idea of an
apocalypse and the "Book of Life" we see in Revelation
got started?
Is 5:4 - What more was there to do for my vineyard that I have not
done in it? When I expected it to yield grapes, why did it yield wild
grapes?
What an interesting statement! God, the
omniscient creator of humanity, expected Israel (his vineyard) to
produce perfect people? And why would he have expected those people
to be perfect and stay perfect considering the way they were treated?
Possibly, you could hope people would stay perfect if they had ever
been that way at some time, but they never had that "perfect starting
point" - unless it was that perfect start in Eden, or the other
perfect start after the flood, or that perfect start after the
exodus, or that perfect start when the original temple was built,
or...
Is 6:1 - In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the LORD sitting
on a throne, high and lofty; and the hem of his robe filled the
temple.
Here's still another person who says he saw
God! This is a flat contradiction to statements by Jesus in the New
Testament. This statement is not like what Ezekiel
said (he only saw "the glory of God").
Is 6:6,7 - Then one of the seraphs flew to me, holding a live coal
that had been taken from the altar with a pair of tongs. The seraph
touched my mouth with it and said, "Now that this has touched your
lips, your guilt has departed and your sin is blotted out."
This raises an interesting question in my mind.
If Isaiah could have his sin blotted out by this method, why does the
Christian religion exist? If God really wanted to show universal
love, and keep everyone from going to hell (as Christians are always
telling us is the case), why go through all the trouble with Jesus?
Why not touch everyone's lips with this magic, sin-removing coal? Why
go though all this blood and cross business when we could save a lot
of effort and bother by worshipping a glowing coal? My guess is,
there'd be no money or power for the priests that way. Some
Christians might say that there would be no reason for morality, but
the Christian religion has no moral
imperative either, so there is no advantage
there. Think about it.
Is 6:10 - Make the mind of this people dull, and stop their ears,
and shut their eyes, so that they may not look with their eyes, and
listen with their ears, and comprehend with their minds, and turn and
be healed.
Now, this makes no sense. If God wanted people
to stay sinful, why bother this guy Isaiah at all? Why ask him to
keep them from understanding things? Did he want people to change or
not? Or yet again, is this just standard sort of thing you'd find in
your average mystery religion?
Is 7:10-16 - Again the LORD spoke to Ahaz, saying, "Ask a sign of
the LORD your God; let it be deep as Sheol or high as heaven." But
Ahaz said, "I will not ask, and I will not put the LORD to the test."
Then Isaiah said: "Hear then, O house of David! Is it too little for
you to weary mortals, that you weary my God also? Therefore the Lord
himself will give you a sign. Look, the young woman is with child and
shall bear a son, and shall name him Immanuel. He shall eat curds and
honey by the time he knows how to refuse the evil and choose the
good. For before the child knows how to refuse the evil and choose
the good, the land before whose two kings you are in dread will be
deserted.
Here's a very famous passage. Let's look at it
for a moment. The background situation is that Jerusalem is
surrounded by enemies - the kings of Israel (the Northern kingdom)
and Ephraim (later Samaria). God sent Isaiah to Ahaz the king to tell
him that the city would not fall to these enemies, and God offered to
give any sign to Ahaz to prove his statement. Ahaz had
heard that you don't test God (something we hear often, these days),
and refused to ask for one. God insists on giving Ahaz a sign, so
talks about a "young woman" who is already pregnant,
and that the son she will give birth to will have his Bar Mitzvah
(coming of legal age - becoming a "son of the Law") after the two
enemy kings' countries are deserted.
Does this sound at all like a prophecy of a savior? Not by a long shot. But that didn't stop a couple of Gospel writers from twisting the words around to make it into one. The book of Matthew quotes this passage as saying "a virgin will conceive." The first twist is the changing of verb tenses. The Hebrew here is in past tense, but the Greek Septuagint translated the words in future tense. The second twist is to take the Hebrew word "almah," which means "young woman" or "maiden," and translate it as "virgin." The Hebrew word specifically meaning "virgin" is "bethulah."
I did a little investigating, courtesy of the Blue Letter Bible. Of the 42 times the Old Testament has the word "virgin" (in the KJV - the only translation available at the Blue Letter Bible site), the original Hebrew term was "bethulah" 38 times. It was "almah" 4 times. I looked at the 4 translations of "virgin" for "almah," and the context on every one clearly would have made more sense if it had been translated as "young woman" or "maiden." However, looking at occurrences of "bethulah," we come across these quite often in the books of the Laws, where virginity was a central issue and the writers were seriously insisting on literal virginity.
Make of this what you will. My research into this issue shows that the New Testament writers, working from the Greek translation of the Jewish texts, had the word "virgin" to work with. At best, I think this makes it look like the early church made up their story to match what they thought needed to be, based on their inferior traslation. The fact is, however, that many Christian denominations keep to this line, in spite of the fact that it has been shown to be false.
Is 11:4 - ...but with righteousness he shall judge the poor, and
decide with equity for the meek of the earth; he shall strike the
earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips he
shall kill the wicked.
This is part of the prediction of a messiah. It
promises this person's words will kill the wicked. Now, I'm sure that
plenty of nasty people were put to death over the centuries on
account of their crossing the Christian authorities. However, it must
be said that many evil people were also left unmolested by those
authorities, and that large numbers of innocent, inoffensive people
were killed on account of the words of Jesus.
Is 11:7,8 - The cow and the bear shall graze, their young shall
lie down together; and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. The
nursing child shall play over the hole of the asp, and the weaned
child shall put its hand on the adder's den.
This is, I'm guessing, a vision of how life
will be in heaven. Why God would change the nature of predatory
animals and make poisonous snakes into playthings for toddlers is
anybody's guess. It is possible, though, that this is just wishful
thinking on the writer's part - thinking that it would be really nice
if there were no dangers in his world. A nice sentiment, but what a
dull world it would be!
Is 13:16-18 - Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their
eyes; their houses will be plundered, and their wives ravished. See,
I am stirring up the Medes against them, who have no regard for
silver, and do not delight in gold. Their bows will slaughter the
young men; they will have no mercy on the fruit of the womb; their
eyes will not pity children.
This sort of verse is far too common for it to
be a mistake. It's pretty clear that the writers of the Bible were
sure that God ordered the violent deaths of babies and little
children, and the rape of the women.
Is 14:1-2 - But the LORD will have compassion on Jacob and will
again choose Israel, and will set them in their own land; and aliens
will join them and attach themselves to the house of Jacob. And the
nations will take them and bring them to their place, and the house
of Israel will possess the nations as male and female slaves in the
LORD's land; they will take captive those who were their captors, and
rule over those who oppressed them.
This is an interesting prophecy of Israel's
return from exile. And I have to give the Jews credit - they have
done their level best to make this whole prediction about enslaving
those who had oppressed them come true. Unfortunately for them, the
Arabs in the vicinity are not interested in cooperating in this
endeavor!
Is 17:13,14 - The nations roar like the roaring of many waters,
but he will rebuke them, and they will flee far away, chased like
chaff on the mountains before the wind and whirling dust before the
storm. At evening time, lo, terror! Before morning, they are no more.
This is the fate of those who despoil us, and the lot of those who
plunder us.
What is this? It looks like a threat of swift,
unexpected punishment for any who conquer Israel. However, it is not
recorded that anyone who overran this area experienced such an
outcome, particularly not the Romans!
Is 19:5,6 - The waters of the Nile will be dried up, and the river
will be parched and dry; its canals will become foul, and the
branches of Egypt's Nile will diminish and dry up, reeds and rushes
will rot away.
God made quite a strong threat here, but it
hasn't happened. It certainly didn't happen in the 2500 or so years
since this prophecy was originally written down!
Is 19:14 - The LORD has poured into them a spirit of confusion;
and they have made Egypt stagger in all its doings as a drunkard
staggers around in vomit.
Here's a new theory of history! Spirits of
confusion coming from God are the cause of Egypt's decline, and the
inbreeding and appearance of lots of recessive traits in the ruling
family had nothing at all to do with it!
Is 22:12-14 - In that day the LORD God of hosts called to weeping
and mourning, to baldness and putting on sackcloth; but instead there
was joy and festivity, killing oxen and slaughtering sheep, eating
meat and drinking wine. "Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die."
The LORD of hosts has revealed himself in my ears: surely this
iniquity will not be forgive you until you die, says the LORD God of
hosts.
It looks like Israel is simply not on the same
page as God, and being happy at the wrong time appears to be a mortal
sin. What's a nation to do?
Is 23:14-18 - Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for your fortress is
destroyed. From that day, Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years,
the lifetime of one king. At the end of seventy years, it will happen
to Tyre as in the song about the prostitute: Take a harp, go about
the city, you forgotten prostitute! Make sweet melody, sing many
songs, that you may be remembered. At the end of seventy years, the
LORD will visit Tyre, and she will return to her trade, and will
prostitute herself with all the kingdoms of the world on the face of
the earth.
I had recently heard that Ezekiel
had foretold the desolation of Tyre (in error, as it turned out - it
has never been a ghost town), but this looks like the same thing
here! And it looks pretty pointless - Tyre will be deserted for
seventy years, then it'll be back to business as normal!
Is 24:18,19 - Whoever flees at the sound of the terror shall fall
into the pit; and whoever climbs out of the pit shall be caught in
the snare. For the windows of heaven are opened, and the foundations
of the earth tremble. The earth is utterly broken, the earth is torn
asunder, the earth is violently shaken.
Here we go again! The sky has windows, and the
earth is set on foundations, which God will shake up and tear apart
one day. Yet another flat, immobile earth passage!
Is 25:9,10 - It will be said on that day, Lo, this is our God; we
have waited for him, so that he might save us. This is the LORD for
whom we have waited; let us be glad and rejoice in his salvation. For
the hand of the LORD will rest on this mountain. The Moabites shall
be trodden down in their place as straw is trodden down in a
dung-pit.
This is rather interesting - we start off
hearing about being happy over God's promised salvation, then we jump
immediately into gloating over the destruction of the "evil"
Moabites.
Is 26:12 - O LORD, you will ordain peace for us, for indeed, all
that we have done, you have done for us.
I hear this idea repeated all the time. If
anything good happens, it was God actually doing the good thing
(removing free will) through us. Conversely, when bad things happen,
it's entirely due to errors made by sinful humans, and God had
nothing to do with it. In my opinion, this is just an instance of an
attempt by religious leaders to make believers think they are bad to
the core and in need of religious help from said leaders.
Is 26:14 - The dead do not live; shades do not rise - because you
have punished and destroyed them, and wiped out all memory of
them.
There's a theology going on here that's far
different, at least, from the standard line I hear from Christians.
Even if you allow that there is no death for God's chosen people,
this looks like it precludes the possibility of the eternal torment
of hell. If such a thing existed, you'd expect God would have thought
to mention it when speaking through all his prophets!
Is 34:2-4 - For the LORD is enraged against all the nations, and
furious against all their hoards; he has doomed them, has given them
over for slaughter. Their slain shall be cast out, and the stench of
their corpses shall rise; the mountains shall flow with their blood.
All the host of heaven shall rot away, and the skies roll up like a
scroll. All their host shall wither like a leaf on a vine, or fruit
withering on a fig tree.
It looks like God is one totally angry being!
If he had really decided to hand over all the nations (to whom?) for
slaughter, I wonder why there are still people? Also note that in
among the rivers of blood and mountains of rotting flesh, there's
mention of the sky rolling up like a scroll, as if it was a solid,
material covering for our little world-sized universe.
Is 40:2 - Speak tenderly to Jerusalem and cry to her that she has
served her term, that her penalty is paid, that she has received from
the LORD's hand double for all her sins.
Hold everything! What's this all about? I
thought that the word of God was that sin could only result in
infinite suffering! How could a complete city receive twice the
punishment for all the sins of the people?
Is 40:12-14 - Who has measured the waters in the hollow of his
hand and marked off the heavens with a span, enclosed the dust of the
earth in a measure, and weighed the mountains in scales and the hills
in a balance? Who has directed the spirit of the LORD or as his
counselor has instructed him? Whom did he consult for his
enlightenment, and who taught him the path of justice? Who taught him
knowledge and showed him the way of understanding?
This is the sort of thing you hear from those
trying to prove God's existence from the concept of "first cause."
The answer the writer obviously expected was "no-one." However, I
would like to point out that when it comes to the area of justice,
God has some ideas that are less than perfect (cursing children for
parents' errors, destroying innocent bystanders, ordering rape
victims to marry their attackers for life); in the area of knowledge,
think back to Leviticus,
where God stated that hares chew their cud, and gave orders to avoid
4-legged insects.
Is 40:22 - It is he who sits above the circle of the earth, and
its inhabitants are like grasshoppers; who stretches out the heavens
like a curtain, and spreads them like a tent to live in.
Speaking of knowledge, it sure looks like God
has kept to his idea that the earth is a flat disc and covered by a
solid sky that can be removed later.
Is 41:17,18 - When the poor and needy seek water, and there is
none, and their tongue is parched with thirst, I the LORD will answer
them, I the God of Israel will not forsake them. I will open rivers
on the bare heights, and fountains in the midst of the valleys; I
will make the wilderness a pool of water, and the dry land springs of
water.
This sounds just peachy - God will help the
poor, and there will always be help to sustain them - except when God
is angry and sending a drought to kill people, I would think. The
twists and turns of religious texts can often make a person quite
dizzy!
Is 42:1-4 - Here is my servant, whom I uphold, my chosen, in whom
my soul delights; I have put my spirit upon him; he will bring forth
justice to the nations. He will not cry or lift up his voice, or make
it heard in the street; a bruised reed he will not break, and a dimly
burning wick he will not quench; he will faithfully bring forth
justice. He will not grow faint or be crushed until he has
established justice in the earth; and the coastlands wait for his
teaching.
This looks like a prophecy of the coming
messiah. But the prediction is that he will bring justice to the
nations - but that didn't happen. It predicts that this servant
wouldn't do anything violent, or make a fuss in public, but Jesus
made quite a ruckus, apparently, when driving the moneychangers from
the temple, for at least a half-hour. I think it's most interesting
that it says the messiah would not faint or be crushed until justice
was established in the earth. The stories of the crucifixion say (in
one version) that Jesus said "It is finished." So where is the
"justice in the earth" that was promised?
Is 42:19-21 - Who is blind but my servant, or deaf like my
messenger whom I send? Who is blind like my dedicated one, or blind
like the servant of the LORD. He sees many things, but does not
observe them, his ears are open, but he does not hear. The LORD was
pleased, for the sake of his righteousness, to magnify his teachings
and make it glorious.
I find this passage disturbing, because it is
saying that God's messengers are blind and deaf, and they don't
understand what goes on around them. This much is bad enough - but it
also says that God likes it this way, and that being "righteous" is
most important - that such people who spurn understanding are to be
listened to.
Is 58:13,14 - If you refrain from trampling the sabbath, from
pursuing your own interests on my holy day; if you call the sabbath a
delight and the holy day of the LORD honorable; if you honor it, not
going your own ways, serving your own interests, or pursuing your own
affairs; then you shall take delight in the LORD, and I will make you
ride upon the heights of the earth; I will feed you with the heritage
of your ancestor Jacob, for the mouth of the LORD has spoken.
My first thought about this verse is that here
is another unrealistic "promise" made on God's behalf, which would be
enough to convince moderately intelligent people that the saying that
"God's promises never fail" is disproven by counterexample. However,
another thought on this is that this statement looks very similar to
the thinking that goes on in America today: If only we could be more
religious (in this case by observing sabbaths more scrupulously), God
would surely make our hard lives easier! Ask a school prayer
proponent!