Characteristics of Convicted White-Collar Offenders in Federal Criminal Cases, 1989 (N = 34,146 offenders)

Type of Crime (% offenders convicted)

Offender
Characteristics Fraudulent Offenses Regulatory Offenses All Offenses

Gender
Male 71.2 84.1 83.1
Female 28.8 15.9 16.9

Race
White 68.5 84.3 71.3
Black 28.7 11.6 25.8
Other 2.8 4.1 2.9

Age
16-18 .6 .7 1.3
19-20 2.6 3.1 4.0
21-30 29.4 27.1 34.7
31-40 32.5 28.8 31.4
Over 40 34.9 40.4 28.6

Education
Less than H.S. Grad. 33.1 39.6 50.3
H.S. Grad 12.4 11.6 13.6
Some college 35.3 28.4 24.9
College grad. 19.2 20.4 11.2

Employment Status
Unemployed 34.1 26.7 40.1
Employed 65.9 73.3 59.9

Criminal Record
No convictions 63.1 64.2 49.8

Drug Abuse
No known abuse 87.2 87.9 76.4
Drug history 12.8 12.1 23.6

Source: Tony Poveda, Rethinking White Collar Crime, Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994, p.77.