GLOSSARY OF
MODELING AND SIMULATION (M&S) TERMS
This document is a draft document in work. Please forward
input to Mr. Jim
Heusmann, the DMSO POC for the Glossary.
The Glossary can be downloaded from the M&S Policy section of the Document Library.
Part I, Abbreviations
A/ B/ C/ D/ E/ F/ G/ H/ I/ J/ K/ L/ M/ N/ O/ P/ Q/ R/ S/ T/ U/ V/ W/ X/ Y/ Z
Part II, Definitions
A/ B/
C/ D/
E/ F/
G/ H/
I/ J/
K/ L/
M/ N/
O/ P/
Q/ R/
S/ T/
U/ V/
W/ X/
Y/ Z
A2ATD Anti-Armor Advanced Technology Demonstration A/D Analog/Digital Aa Achieved Availability AAAV Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle AAIS Advanced Airborne Interceptor Simulator AAODL Atmospheric Aerosols and Optics Data Library AAP Advanced Acquisition Plan AAS Advanced Automation System AASP Army Automation Security Program AATD Army Advanced Technology Demonstration(s) AATIS Advanced Airborne Instrumentation System ABCCC Airborne Battlefield Command Control Center ABCSIM Atmospheric, Biological, and Chemical Simulation ABE ALSP Broadcast Emulator ABS Advanced Battle Simulation ABU Analog Backup ACALS Army Computer-aided Acquisition & Logistics Support ACAT Acquisition Category ACCIS Automated C2 Information System ACCS Army Command and Control System ACDI Asynchronous Communications Device Interface ACEC Army Communications-Electronics Command ACEM Air Combat Evaluation Model ACETEF Air Combat Environment Test and Evaluation Facility ACM ALSP Common Module ACMI Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation ACMS Air Combat Maneuvering Simulator ACMS Air Combat Maneuvering System ACOM U.S. Atlantic Command ACPT Automated Corporate Planning Tool ACS Access Control System ACSIT Aegis Combat System Interactive Trainer ACSM Assistant Chief of Staff for Information Management ACT Architecture Characterization Template ACTD Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration ADA Name (not acronym) of High Level Computer Programming Language ADDS Automated Data Distribution System ADEPT Administrative Data Entry for Processing Transmission ADM Acquisition Decision Memorandum ADMD Administrative Management Domain ADMP Army Data Management Program ADP Automatic Data Processing ADPA American Defense Preparedness Association ADPE Automatic Data Processing Equipment ADPSO Automatic Data Processing Security Officer ADPSSEP Automatic Data Processing System Security Enhancement Program ADPSSO Automatic Data Processing System Security Officer ADRG Archive Digital Raster Graphs ADS Advanced Distributed Simulation ADS Automated Data System ADSIM Air Defense Simulation ADST Advanced Distributed Simulation Technology ADUA Administrative Directory User Agent AEGIS Advanced Electronic Guided Interceptor System AESAT Avionics & Electrical Systems Advanced Trainer AESOP Army EMP Simulator Operations AETS Airborne Electronic Threat Simulator AFAM Air Force Acquisition Model AFEWES Air Force Electronic Warfare Environment Simulator AFIN Air Force Information Network AFMSS Air Force Mission Support System AFNET Air Force Network AFS Advanced Flight Simulator AFSCN Air Force Satellite Control Network AFSPACECOM Air Force Space Command AFSPC Air Force Space Command AFWG Analysis Functional Working Group AFOR Automated Forces AGCCS Army Global Command and Control System AGRMET Agricultural Meteorological Model AHP Analytic Hierarchical Process AHPCRC Army High Performance Computing Research Center AI Artificial Intelligence AID AUTODIN Interface Device AIN Advanced Intelligent Network AIRES Automated Information Retrieval And Expert System AIRFLOS Air Flow Over Structures AIS Automated Information System AISA-PAT Automated Information Systems Accreditation PAT AISSAP Automatic Information System Security Assessment Program AISSO Automated Information System Security Officer AITS Advance Information Technology System AJ or A/J Anti-Jamming AJPO ADA DoD Joint Program Office (to promote ADA) ALARM Advance Low Altitude Radar Model ALBAM Air Land Battle Assessment Model ALBE Air Land Battlefield Environment ALBM Air Land Battle Management ALECS AFWL Los Alamos EMP Calibration and Simulation ALERT Attack and Launch Early Reporting to Theater ALM Airlift Loading Model ALS ADA language system ALSP Aggregate Level Simulation Protocol AMES Advanced Multiple Environment Simulator AMG Architecture Management Group AMHS Automated Message Handling System AMIP Army Model Improvement Program AMME Automated Multi-Media Exchange AMPE Automated Message Processing Exchange AMPES Automatic Message Processing Exchange System AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System AMPS Automated Mission Planning System AMSAA Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity AMSDL Acquisition Management Systems and Data Requirements Control List AMSEC Army Model and Simulation Executive Council AMSMC Army Model and Simulation Master Catalog AMSMO Army Model and Simulation Management Office AMSMP Army Modeling and Simulation Management Program ANDF Application Neutral Data Format ANS Artificial Neural Systems ANSI American National Standards Institute ANSI/SPAR American National Standards Institute's Standards Planning and Requirements Committee Ao operational availability AOR Area of Responsibility APHIDS Advanced Panoramic Helmet Interface Demonstrator System API Application Program Interface APL Applied Physics Laboratory APL/JHU Applied Physics Laboratory/Johns Hopkins University APL/PSU Applied Physics Laboratory/Penn State University APL/UW Applied Physics Laboratory/University of Washington APMS Automated Program Management Information System APP Application Portability Profile APRF Aberdeen Pulse Radiation Facility APS Asynchronous Protocol Specification APSE ADA Programming Support Environment ARC Advanced Research Center ARES Advanced Research Electromagnetic Simulator ARGUS Advanced Realtime Gaming Universal Simulation ARI Army Research Institute (for the Behavioral and Social Sciences) ARL U.S. Army Research Laboratory ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency (formerly DARPA) ARPANET ARPA Network ARQ Automatic Repeat reQuest ASAT Anti-Satellite ASC American Standards Committee ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCM Advanced Space Computing Module ASD Assistant Secretary of Defense ASD (ISP) Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy ASD (C3I) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Command, Control, Communication, and Intelligence ASD (DEP&S) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Drug Enforcement Policy and Support ASD (P&L) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Production and Logistics ASD (PA&E) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Program Analysis and Evaluation ASD (ISP) Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy ASIP Advanced System Improvement Program ASIS Ada Semantic Interface Specification ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASN Abstract Syntax Notation ASN Assistant Secretary of the Navy ASTC Advanced Simulation Technology Center ASTO Advanced Systems Technology Office ATB Analytical Tool Box ATCOM Advanced Tactical Combat Model ATCCS Army Tactical Command and Control System ATD Advanced Technology Demonstration ATDL Army Tactical Data Link ATDL Army Tactical Data Link ATDL-1 Army Tactical Data Link-One ATE Automatic Test Equipment ATF Advanced Tactical Fighter ATFM&S Acquisition Task Force on Modeling and Simulation ATEMS Advanced Threat Emitter Simulator ATEWES Advanced Tactical Electronic Warfare Environment Simulator ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATRJ Advanced Threat Radar Jammer ATRJ Advanced Tactical Radar Jammer ATS Advanced Threat Simulator ATS Automated Tracking System ATS Automatic Telecommunication System ATTD Advanced Technology Transition Demonstration ATTD-SAG ATTD Senior Advisory Group AU Access Unit AVO ADA Validation Office, part of AJPO AWACS Airborne Warning and Control System AWD Advanced Warfighting Demonstration AWD Alternate World Database AWE Advanced Warfighting Experiment AWIPS NOAA's Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System AWIS Army World-Wide Military Command and Control Information Systems AWSIM Air Warfare Simulation
BAABroad Area Announcement BASOPS Base Operating Information System BAST Board on Army Science and Technology (part of National Academy of Sciences) BAUD Characters Xmitted/sec Serially From a Computer BBN Broad Band Noise BBS Bulletin Board System BBS Brigade/Battalion Simulation BCBL Battle Command Battle Lab BCC Base Communications-Computer Center BCCS Battlefield Command and Control System BCS Battery computer system BCTP Battle Command Training Program BDA Battlespace Damage Assessment BDS Battlefield Development Simulator BDS Battlefield Distributed Simulation BDS-D Battlefield Distributed Simulation - Developmental BEB Binary Exponential Backoff BECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (Frame Relay) BEE Battery Energy Efficient protocol BEES Battlefield Environmental Effects Software BER Basic Encoding Rules BER Bit Error Rate BERT Bit-Error-Rate Test BES Background Environment Simulator BEWSS Battlefield Environment Weapon System Simulation BFA Battlefield Funcitonal Area BFM Battlefield Forecast Model BFTT Battle Force Tactical Trainer BGP Border Gateway Protocol BIS Built-in Simulation BIT Built-In Test BITE Built-in-Test Equipment BLERT Block-Error-Rate Test BLOB Binary Large Object BMC3 Battle Management, Command, Control, and Communications BMD Ballistic Missile Defense BMDES Ballistic Missile Defense Engagement Simulation BMDO Ballistic Missile Defense Organization BMTA Backbone Message Transfer Agent BOS Basic Operating System BPS Bits Per Second BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BRAC Base Realignment and Closures BRIDGESIM Bridge Simulator BRITE Basic Research in Industrial Technologies for Europe BRL Ballistic Research Laboratory BSC Battle Simulation Center BT Behavioral Taxonomy BUCS Back-up computer system BUR Bottom-up Review BW Bandwidth
C/SCommanders-in-Chief (CINCs) / Services C/JTF Combined/Joint Task Force C-CS Communications-Computer Systems C/S/A CINCs / Services / Agencies C2 Command and Control C2I Command, Control, and Intelligence C2IS C2 Information Systems C2W Command and Control Warfare C3 Command, Control, and Communications C3I Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence C3I/IS C3I/Information Systems C3M Command, Control and Communications Countermeasures C3S C3 Systems C4 Command, Control, Communications, and Computers C4I Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence C4IFTW C4I for the Warrior C4ISR Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance C4SMP C4 System Master Plan CAA U.S. Army Concepts Analysis Agency CAAM Composite Area Analysis Model CAAN Combined Arms Assessment Network CAC Combined Arms Center CACDA Combined Arms Combat Development Activity CACE Computer-Aided Cost Estimating CACEAS Computer-Assisted Circuit Engineering and Allocating System CACTIS Community Automated Counter-Terrorism Intelligence System CAD Computer-Aided Design CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing CADDS Computer Aided Design and Drafting System CADE Computer-Aided Design Equipment CADIS Communication Architecture for Distributed Interactive Simulation CADMAT Computer-Aided Design, Manufacture and Test CADS Computer-Assisted Display System CAE Computer Aided Engineering CAE Common Application Environment CAESAR Computer-Aided Exploration of Synthetic Aperture Radar CAI Computer Aided Instruction CALOW Contingency/Limited Objective Warfare CAL Computer Aided Learning CALS Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAMAC Computer-Aided Measurement and Control CAMD Computer Assisted Molecular Design CAMDSS Common Architecture for Model Development and Simulation Support CAPE Computer Aided Project Engineering CAPS Computer-Aided Paperless System CAPP Computer-Aided Process Plan CARDG Compressed ARDG CARDS Central Archive for Reusable Defense Software CARE Computer Assistance Resource Exchange CARES Cratering and Related Effects Simulation CARP Cache Array Routing Protocol CASE Computer Assisted Software Engineering CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering CASE Computer-Assisted Systems Engineering CASS Consolidated Automated Support System CASTFOREM Combined Arms And Support Task Force Evaluation Model CATIA Computer-Aided Three Dimensional Interactive Application CATIS Computer-Assisted Tactical Information System CATT Combined Arms Tactical Trainer CAU Cell Adapter Unit CAX Computer Aided Exercise CAX Combined Arms Exercise CBD Commerce Business Daily CBI Computer Based Instruction CBL Computer Based Learning CBO Congressional Budget Office CBR Constant Bit Rate CBRS Concept Based Requirement System CBS Corps Battle Simulation CBT Computer Based Training CCB Configuration Control Board CCBD Configuration Control Board Directives CCD Cover, Concealment and Deception CCEB Combined Communications-Electronics Board CCF Central Computer Facility CCIB Command and Control Interoperability Board CCIS Command and Control Information System CCRP C4ISR Cooperative Research Program CCSP Consolidated Computer Security Program CCTT Close Combat Tactical Trainer CCU Computer Control Unit CD Compact Disc CDA Central Design Activity CDAd Component Data Administrator CDB Common Data Base CDD Common Data Dictionary CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface CDE Common Desktop Environment CDI Compact Disk Interactive CDIN CONUS Defense Integrated Network CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CD-R Compact Disk - Recordable CDRL Contract Data Requirements List CD-ROM Compact Disk - Read Only Memory CDS Congressional Data Sheets CDU Control Display Unit CD-V Compact Disk - Video CD-WO Compact Disk - Write Once CEC Cooperative Engagement Capability CECOM Communications Electronics Command CEESIM Combat Electromagnetic Environment Simulator CEM Concepts Evaluation Model CEM Constant Envelope Modulation CENTCOM U.S. Central Command CEP Circular Error, Probable CEP Cooperative Engagement Processor CERS Combat Environment Realism System CES Cognitive Environment Simulator CET Computers and Electronic Technology CEWI Communications Electronic Warfare Intelligence CFA Center for Architecture (JIEO) CFDB Conventional Forces Database CFE Conventional Forces in Europe CFE Contractor Furnished Equipment CFE Center for Engineering CFII Center for Integration and Interoperability CFOR Command Forces CFS Center for Standards CGF Computer Generated Forces CGI Computer Graphics Interface (ANSI/ISO) CGM Computer Graphics Metafile CHS Common Hardware and Software CI Configuration Item CICS Customer Information Control System CIDS Computerized Information Delivery Service CIE Computer Integrated Engineering CIE-PAT Computer Integrated Engineering Process Action Team CIE-QC Computer Integrated Engineering Quality Circle CIG Computer Image Generation CIKS Cryptographic Ignition Key CIM Computer Integrated Manufacturing CIM Corporate Information Management CIM/EI Corporate Information Management/Enterprise Integration CIMNET Center for Information Management Network CIMP Corporate Information Management Plan CINC Commander in Chief CINCLANTFLT Commander-in-Chief Atlantic Fleet CINCPACFLT Commander-in-Chief Pacific Fleet CIO Central Imagery Office CIO Chief Information Office (DISA) CIP Combat Information Processor CIP Capital Investment Plan CIP Combined Interoperability Program CIRIS Completely Integrated Reference Instrumentation System CIRRUS Clouds, Infrared, Real for Use in Simulations CIS CASE Integration Services CIS Command Information System CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer CISS Center for Information Systems Security (JIEO) CIU Cell Interface Unit CIWG Communications Interoperability Working Group CJCS Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff CL Closed Loop CLD Center Line Data CLDGEN Cloud Scene Generator CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol CLNS Connectionless Network Service CM Configuration Management CMASS Counterdrug Modeling and Simulation System CMC Commandant of the Marine Corps CMI Computer Managed Instruction CMIS/P Common Management Information Services & Protocols CMMS Conceptual Models of the Mission Spaces CMP Configuration Management Plan CMTW Combined Major Theater War CMWG Configuration Management Working Group CN Communications Network CNA Center for Naval Analysis CNC Communications Network Control CNMS Consolidated Network Management System CNO Chief of Naval Operations CNR Combat Net Radio COADS Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set COBOL Common Business Oriented Language COBRA Combat Outcome Based on Rules for Attrition COE Common Operating Environment COEA Cost and Operational Effectiveness Analysis COI Critical Operational Issue COLD Computer Output to Laser Disk COM Computer Output Microform COMINT Communications Intelligence COMNET Communications Network COMPASS Common Operational Modeling, Planning, and Simulation Strategy COMPASS Computer Alerted Surveillance System COMSAT Communications Satellite COMSEC Communications Security (In FY96 name changed to INFOSEC) CONOPS Concept of Operations CONUS Continental United States COP Common Operational Picture Copernicus Navy's C3 Architecture CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture Corn Computer Resource Nucleus COSE Common Open Software Environment COTS Commercial Off The Shelf COVART Computation of Vulnerable Area and Repair Time CPU Central Processing Unit CRB Configuration Review Board CRC Coleman Research Corporation CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRDA Cooperative Research & Development Agreement CRLCMP Computer Resource Life Cycle Management Plan CRMP Computer Resourses Management Plan CROESUS Navy plan for Copernicus CROP Common Relevant Operating Picture CROSSBOW-S Construction of a Radar to Operationally Simulate Signals Believed to Originate Within the Soviet Union CRT Cathode Ray Tube CRWG Computer Resource Working Group CRYPTO Cryptographic CSA Configuration Status Accounting CSC Computer Software Component CSC Computer Sciences Corporation CSCI Computer Software Configuration Item CSE Common Support Equipment CSEL Combat Survivor Evader Locator CSIDS CENTCOM/SOCOM Integrated Data System CSII Center for Systems Interoperability and Integration CSL Computer Systems Laboratory (part of NIST) CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection CSPEI Computer Software Product End Item CSS Communications Support System CSSBL Combat Service Support Battle Lab CSSCS Combat Service Support Computer System CSSM Cloud Scene Simulation Model CSSTSS Combat Service Support Training Simulation System CSU Computer Software Unit CTAPS Contingency Theater Automated Planning System CTC Critical Technical Characteristics CTE Center for Test and Evaluation CTEIP Central Test And Evaluation Investment Program CTIS Combat Terrain Information System CTIS Command Tactical Information System CTOA Controlled Time of Arrival CTOS Convergent Technologies Operating Systems CTS Clear to Send CVF Compressed Volume File CVGA Color Video Graphics Array
DAData Administration DA Department of the Army DA Developing Agency (Navy) DAA Designated Approving Authorities DAB Defense Acquisition Board DACS Data and Analysis Center for Software DACS Digital Access and Cross-Connect System DAd Data Administrator DAdm Data Administration DADS Dynamic Analysis and Design System DAE Defense Acquisition Executive DAEMONS Logically Named System Resources DAES Defense Acquisition Executive Summary DAG Data Authentication Group DAG Data Analysis Group DAI Distributed Artificial Intelligence DAISY Defense Automated Information System DAMA Demand Assignment Multiple Access DAP Data Access Protocol DAP Directory Access Protocol DAPG Data Analysis Programming Group DAPM Data Administration Program Management Office DAPM Domain Analysis Process Model DAPMO Data Administration Program Management Office DAPS Data Acquisition and Processing System DAR Defense Acquisition Regulation DARIC Defense Automation Resources Information Center DARCOM U.S. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command DARMP Defense Automation Resources Management Program DARO Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (renamed ARPA) DAS Data Administration Program DASD Direct Access Storage Device DASD Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense DASD(IM) Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Information Management DASIAC DoD Nuclear Information and Analysis Center DASP DOD Data Administration Strategic Plan DASS Digital Acoustic Sensor Simulator DAU Data Acquisition Unit DAWIA Defense Acquisition Workforce Improvement Act DAWN Defense Attache Worldwide Network db Decibel DBA Direct Budget Authority DBA Design-based Analysis DBA Direct Budget Authority DBAd Data Base Administrator DBAdm Data Base Administration DBD Data Base Document DBMS Data Base Management System DBOF Defense Business Operating Fund DC or D/C Down Converter DCA Defense Communications Agency(now DISA) DCAA Defense Contract Audit Agency DCAS Defense Contract Administrative Services DCD Directorate for Combat Developments DCE Distributed Computing Environment DCID Director for Central Intelligence Directive DCN Defense Communications Network DCP Decision Coordinating Paper DCPS Data Communications Protocol Standards DCS Defense Communications System DCSINT Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence DCSINT Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence DCSLOG Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics DCSLOG Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics DCSOPS Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations DCSOPS Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans DCSPER Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel DCSPER Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel DCSTPM Deputy Chief of Staff for Technology Planning and Management DCT Desktop Computer Terminal DCT Digital Communication Terminal DCTN Defense Commercial Telephone Network DCW Digital Chart of the World DD/DS Data Dictionary/Directory System DDA Domain Defined Attribute DDARS Distributed Data Archive and Retrieval System DDBMS Distributed Database Management System DDC Design Decision Criteria DDI Director of Defense Information DDL Data Definition Language DDN Defense Data Network DDR&E Director of Defense Research and Engineering DDR DoD Data Repository DDRS Defense Data Repository System DDS Data Distribution System DDS Dataphone Digital Service (AT&T) DDS Digital Data Service DDS Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS Distributed Defense Simulation DDSS Distributed Defense Simulation System DEA Data Exchange Agreement DECA Digital Electronic Control Assembly DECCO Defense Commercial Communications Office DEEM Dynamic Environmental Effects Model DEM Digital Elevation Model DES Data Encryption Standard DESA Defense Evaluation Support Agency DESC Defense Electronics Supply Center DESP Data Element Standardization Program DET Dynamic Environment and Terrain DFAD Digital Feature Analysis Data DFARS DoD Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement DFD Data Flow Diagram DFRM Digital RF Memory DGCC Defense Information Systems Agency Global Control Center DGDEM Dynamic Generalized Digital Environmental Model Data Base DGIS Direct Graphics Interface Standard DGSA Defense Goal Security Architecture DHIS Distributed Heterogeneous Information Systems DI Date Integrity DIA Defense Intelligence Agency DIB Defense Information Base DIB Directory Information Base DICE Distributed Interactive C3I Effectiveness Simulation Project DICE DARPA Initiative for Concurrent Engineering DID Data Item Description DIDHS Deployed Intelligence Data Handling System DIF Data Interchange Format DIGEST Digital Geographic Information Exchange Standard DII Defense Information Infrastructure DIICC Defense Information Infrastructure Control Concept DII COE Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment DIM Director of Information Management DIME Digital Integrated Modeling Environment DIS Distributed Interactive Simulations DIS Defense Information System DISA Defense Information Systems Agency DISA/CI Defense Information Systems Agency/Center for Information DISA-IS DISA Information System DISANet DISA Information Network DISC Defense Information System Council DISC4/ODISC4 Director of Information Systems Command, Control, Communications, and Computers/Office of the DISC4 DISN Defense Information Systems Network DISP Directory Information Shadowing Protocol DISSP Defense Information System Security Program DITPRO Defense Information Technical Procurement Office DL Data Link DL Distance Learning DLA Defense Logistics Agency DLC Data Link Control DLMS Digital Land Mass System DM Dominant Maneuver DMA Defense Mapping Agency DMAP Data Management and Analysis Plan DMD Digital Message Device DME Distributed Management Environment DME Distance Measuring Equipment DMF Data Management Facility DMRD Defense Management Review Decision DMG Digital Map Generator DMR Defense Management Review DMRD Defense Management Report Decision DMS Digital Modeling and Simulation DMS Distributed Models and Simulations DMS Defense Message System DMSCC Defense Modeling and Simulation Coordination Center DMSI Defense Modeling and Simulation Initiative DMSO Defense Modeling and Simulation Office DMSP Defense Message System Program DMS/TMS Defense Messaging System/Tactical Message System DNA Defense Nuclear Agency DNS Domain Name System DNSIX DoDIIS Network Security for Information Exchange DNVT Digital Non-Secure Voice Telephone DoD Department of Defense DODCSEC DoD Computer Security Evaluation Center DoDD DoD Directive DoDDir Department of Defense Directive DoDI DoD Instruction DoDInst Department of Defense Instruction DoDIIS DoD Intelligence Information System DoDM DoD Manual DoDMSEA DoD M&S Executive Agent DOE Department of Energy DOF Degrees of Freedom DOIM Directors of Information Management DOJ Department of Justice DOM Doctrine, Organization, Materiel DOMF Distributed Object Management Facility DON Department of the Navy DOORS Demonstration of Dynamic Object Oriented Requirements System DOS Disk Operating System DOT Department of Transportation DOTML-P Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership, and Personnel DOW Day of the Week DP Data Processing DPA Demand Protocol Architecture DPA Defense Production Act DPDB Digital Product Data Base DPG Defense Planning Guidance DPG Dugway Proving Ground or Defense Planning Guidance DPI Data Processing Installation DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory DRB Defense Review Board DRDA Distributed Relational Data Base Architecture DREN Defense Research and Engineering Network DRFM Digital Rf Memory DRG Defense Research Group (NATO) DRG Digital Raster Graphic DRG Digital Raster Graphs DRN Data Representation Notation DRTWG Data and Repositories Technology Working Group DRU Data Retrieval Unit DS Digital Signal DS Direct Support DSARC Defense Systems Acquisition Review Committee DSB Defense Science Board DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System DSE Data Storage Equipment DSE Dynamic Synthetic Environments DSI Defense Simulation Internet DSMAC Digital Scene Matching Area Correlator DSMC Defense Systems Management College DSN Defense Switching Network [formerly Autovon] DSP Defense Support Program DSR Dynamic Source Routing DSRS Defense Software Repository System DSS Defense Switched System DSS Decision Support System DSS Digital Signature Standard DSSCS Defense Special Security Communications System DSSE Developmental Software Support Environment DSSEP Developmental Software Support Environment Plan DSSP Defense Standardization and Specification Program DSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification Language DSU Digital Service Unit DTAD Digital Terrain Analysis Data DTAMS Digital Terrain Analysis Mapping System DTAP Detailed Technology Area Plan DTE/DCE Data Terminal Equipment/Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment DTED Digital Terrain Elevation Data DTED Digital Terrain Evaluation Data DTIC Defense Technical Information Center DTM Digital Terrain Matrix DTMP Data Communications Protocol Standards Technical Management Plan DTS Digital Terrain System DWTS Digital Wideband Transmission System
FAAFederal Aviation Agency FAC Forward Air Controller FADAC Field Artillery Digital Automatic Computer FAMA Floor Acquisition Multiple Access FAMSIM Family of Simulations FAPM Functional Activity Program Manager FAR Federal Acquisition Regulation FAST Framework for Advanced Simulation Technology FAST Field Assistance in Science and Technology FASTC Foreign Aerospace Science and Technology Center FBE Fleet Battle Experiment FCS Frame Check Sequence FDAd Functional Data Administrator FDD Functional Description Document FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDM Frequency Division Mutliplexer FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FDP Full Dimensional Protection FDUX Full Duplex FEA Functional Economic Analysis FEC Forward Error Correction FECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (Frame Relay) FED Federation Execution Data FEDEP Federation Development and Execution Process FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FEPW Federation Execution Planners Workbook FFRDC Federally Funded Research and Development Centers FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FIM Functional Information Manager FIM Functional Integration Manager FIP Federal Information Process FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard FIRMA Federal Information Resources Management Act FIRMR Federal Information Resources Management Regulation FIS Federal Information System FL Focused Logistics FMS Foreign Military Sales FOC Final Operating Capability FOC Full Operational Capability FODA Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis FODDS Fact-Oriented Data Distribution System FOHMD Fiber-optic Helmet-mounted Display/Device FOIA Freedom of Information Act FOM Federation Object Model FON Fiber Optic Network FOR Field of Regard FORCEM Force Evaluation Model FORGE Force Evaluation Model Gaming Evaluator FOV Field Of View FOW Forward Order Wire FPDC Federal Procurement Data Center FPRP Five-Phase Reservation Protocol (for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name FRS Family Radio Service FSCATT Fire Support Combined Arms Tactical Trainer FSM Finite State Machine FSTC Foreign Systems Technology Center (Army) FSU Former Soviet Union FTAM File Transfer Access and Management FTP File Transfer Protocol FTS Full Threat Simulator FWG Functional Working Group FY Fiscal Year FYDP Future-Years Defense Plan
G-WARSGround Wars (Computer simulation model) GAO General Accounting Office GATERS Ground Air Teleoperated Robotic System GCCS Global Combat Support System GCCS Global Command and Control System GCDIS Global Change Data and Information System GDD/D Global Data Dictionary and Directory GDDM Graphics Data Display Manager GDEM Generalized Digital Environmental Model Data Base GDI Graphics Device Interface GDIP General Defense Intelligence Program GDMS Global Data Management System GEO Geosynchronous Orbit GEOLOC Geographic Location GEOREF Geographic Reference GIDEP Government/Industry Data Exchange Program GIG Global Information Grid GIG SSG Global Information Grid Senior Steering Group GIN Graphics Input GIS Geographic Information System GKS Graphical Kernel System GLM General Linear Models GMRS General Mobile Radio Service GNMP Government Network Management Profile GMT Greenwich Mean Time GOSC General Officer Steering Committee GOSIP Government Open System Interconnect Profile GOTS Government-Off-the-Shelf GPS Global Positioning System GSA General Services Administration GTCT Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks Data Base GTDB Generic Transformed Data Base GTE Ground Threat Emitter GTM Ground Truth Model GTN Global Transportation Network GTRI Georgia Tech Research Institute GTWAPS Global Theater Weather Analysis and Prediction System GUI Graphical User Interface
H/WHardware HAMPS Host AUTODIN Message Processing System HARM High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile HBR Human Behavioral Representation HBR House Budget Resolution HBTWG Human Behavior Technology Working Group HBV Human Behavioral Variables HCI Human Computer Interaction HCI Human Computer Interface HD Hard Disk HD High Density HDF Hierarchical Data Format HDL Harry Diamond Laboratories HDLC High-level Data Link Control Protocol HDTV High Definition Television HDU Helmet Display Unit HDUX Half Duplex HDZ High Density Zone HEAT Headquarters Effectiveness Assessment Tool HEO High Earth Orbit HEO Highly Elliptical Orbit HFE Human Factors Engineering HFEA Human Factors Engineering Analysis HHT Handheld Terminal HHUT Handheld User Terminal HITL Hardware-in-the-Loop HITL Human-in-the-Loop HLA High-Level Architecture HMD Helmet Mounted Display HMI Human-Machine Interface HMS Helmet Mounted Sight HMS/DS Helmet Mounted Sight/Display System HMU Helmet Mounted Unit HOL High Order Language HOM Higher Order Model HOTMAC High Order Turbulence Model for Atmospheric Circulations HPA High Power Amplifier HPC High Performance Computer HPCC High Performance Computing and Communications HPCCIT High Performance Computing, Communications, and Information Technology HPPI High Performance Parallel Interface HQDA Headquarters, Department of the Army HQMC Headquarters Marine Corps HRCP High Resolution Cloud Prognosis Model HRIS Human Resource Information System HS High Speed HSI Human Systems Integration HSI High Speed Serial Interface HTML HyperText Markup Language HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol HUMINT Human Intelligence HW/SWIL Hardware/Software-In-The-Loop HWIL Hardware-in-the-Loop HYTIME Hypermedia/Time-Based Structuring Language
I/OInput/Output I-TES I-Band Threat Environment Simulator I3 Intelligent Integration of Information IA Information Assurance IAC Information Analysis Center IBM International Business Machines IC Integrated Circuit ICA Integrated Communications Architecture ICASE Integrated Computer Aided Software Engineering ICC Integrated Control Center ICCOG Intelligence Community Coordination Group ICD Interface Control Document ICDB Integrated Communications Database ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICOM Input, Control, Output, and Mechanism IDA Institute for Defense Analysis IDB Integrated Database IDBEF Integrated Database Extract Format IDBTF Integrated Database Transaction Format I/DBTWG Information/Database Technology Working Group IDEA Integrated Engineering/Design Aide IDEF Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing Definition IDL Interface Design Language IDM Improved Data Modem IDM Information Dissemination Management IDP Initial Domain Part IDRL Integrated data requirements list IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IERs Information Exchange Requirements IFIP International Federation of Information Processing IFOR Intelligent Forces IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGOSS Industry/Government Open System Specification IHADSS Integrated Helmet and Display Sight System IIS Intelligence Information System IITRI Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute I/ITSC Interservice Industry Training Systems Conference IM Information Management IMA Information Mission Area IMB Interoperability Management Board IMD Information Management Directorate IMEP Independent Master Evaluation Plan IMP Information Management Plan IMR Information Management Representative IMS Information Management System IMTC International Multimedia Teleconferencing Consortium IMTEC GAO's Information Management and Technology Division INCA Intelligence Communications Architecture INFOSEC Information System Security INMS Integrated Network Management System INST Information Standards and Technology Standardization Area INX Information Exchange IOC Initial Operational Capability IP Internet Protocol IPC Information Policy Council IPM Interpersonal Messaging IPMS Interpersonal Messaging System IPPD Integrated Product and Process Development IOC Initial Operational Capability IPR In-process review IPT Integrated Product Team IRAC International Requirements and Design Criteria IRDS Information Resource Dictionary System IRIA Infrared Information Analysis Center IRM Information Resource Management IS Information Superiority IS Information System IS International Standardization IS Interface Specification IS Israel/Israeli ISA Information System Architecture ISA Industry Standard Architecture ISATS Information System ADP Tracking System ISC U.S. Army Information Systems Command ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISEE Integrated Software Engineering Environment ISGMS Industry Steering Group on M&S ISMC Imagery Standards Management Committee ISO International Standardization Organization ISR_SUM Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Simulation ISSAA Information Systems Selection and Acquisition Agency - Army ISSM Information Systems Security Manager ISSO Information Security Oversight Office ISSPM Information Systems Security Program IST Institute for Simulation and Training ISX Information Superiority Experiment IT Information Technology ITD Interim Terrain Database ITDN Integrated Tactical Data Network ITEM Integrated Theater Engagement Model ITM Irregular Terrain Model ITN Identification Tasking and Networking ITO Intermediate Transfer Orbit ITPB Information Technology Policy Board ITRI Information Technology Reuse Initiative ITRUS Information Technology Reuse ITS Intelligent Tutoring System ITSDN Integrated Tactical/Strategic Data Network ITSPO Information Technology Standards Program Office ITU Information Transport Utility ITU-TSB International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications IUSS Integrated Unit Simulation System IV&V Independent Verification and Validation IVIS Inter-Vehicular Information System IWG Interface Working Group IWSDB Integrated Weapon Systems Data Base
J-SPACESJoint Space Combat Environment Simulation JAAT Joint Air Attack Teams JACG Joint Aeronautical Commanders Group JADS/JFS Joint Advanced Distributed Simulation Joint Feasibility Study JAFLME Joint Automated Field Logistics Model for Employment JANNAF Joint Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force JANUS Joint Army Navy Uniform Simulation JAOC Joint Air Operations Center JASP Joint Advanced Strike Technology Program JAST Joint Advanced Strike Technology JCALS Joint Computer-Aided Acquisition Logistics System JCCD Joint Camouflage, Concealment and Deception JCG Joint Commanders Group JCG(T&E) Joint Commanders Group (Test and Evaluation) JCM Joint Conflict Model JCMO Joint CALS Management Organization JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff JDBE Joint Data Base Elements JDL Joint Director of Laboratories JECEWSI Joint Electronic Combat Electronic Warfare Simulation JESS Joint Exercise Simulation System JETTA Joint Environment for Testing Training and Analysis JEWC Joint Electronic Warfare Center JFACC Joint Force Air Component Commander JHU/APL John Hopkins University/Applied Physics Lab JHU John Hopkins University JIC Joint Intelligence Center JIEO Joint Interoperability and Engineering Organization JIMASS Joint Intelligence Modeling and Simulation System JINTACCS Joint Interoperability of Tactical Command and Control System JISR Joint Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance JIVA Joint Intelligence Virtual Architecture JLC Joint Logistics Commanders JMASS Joint Modeling and Simulation System JMCIS Joint Maritime Command Information System JMSEP Joint Modeling and Simulation Executive Panel JMSWG Joint Multi-TADIL Standards Working Group JOPES Joint Operation Planning and Execution System JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory JPO Joint Program Office JRMB Joint Requirements And Management Board JROC Joint Requirements Oversight Council JSAN Joint Staff Automation of the Nineties JSC Johnson Space Center JSC Joint Spectrum Center JSEAD Joint Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses JSEM Joint Service Endgame Model JSF Joint Strike Fighter JSIP Joint Services Imagery Processing System JSOR Joint Service Operational Requirement JSOW Joint Stand-Off Weapon JSP Joint Service Program JSRB Joint Software Review Board JSSA Joint Stealth Strike AIrcraft JSTARS Joint Surveillance & Target Attack Radar System JSTASL Joint Scenario Tool Architecture and Script Language JSTE Joint System Training Exercise JTA Joint Technical Architecture JTC Joint Technical Committee JTC3A Joint Tactical Command, Control and Communications Agency JTCTS Joint Tactical Combat Training System JT&E Joint Test and Evaluation JTF Joint Task Force JTIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution System JTLS Joint Theater Level Simulator JTRS Joint Tactical Radio System JTSSG Joint Telecommunications Standards Steering Group JTWSG Joint Theater of War Scenario Generator JULLS Joint Uniform Lessons Learned System JUSTIS Joint Uniform Services Technical Information System JV2010 Joint Vision 2010 JVB Joint Virtual Battlespace JVIDS Joint Visually Integrated Display System JWFC Joint Warfighting Center JWICS Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System JWID Joint Warrior Interoperability Demonstration JWSOL Joint Warfare Simulation Object Library
KAKnowledge Acquisition (from data) KAPSE Kernel ADA programming environment KBE Knowledge Based Extraction kbps Kilobits per second KBSC Korean Battle Simulation Center KBS/DBMS Knowledge Based Systems/Data Base Management System KDEC Kinetic Energy Weapons Digital Emulation Center KDR Kill/Detection Ratio KHILS Kinetic Kill Vehicle HITL Simulator kHz Kilorhertz KI Knowledge Integration KNACK Knowledge Acquisition Kernel KOPS Thousands of Operations Per Second KPP Key Performance Parameter KRS Knowledge Retrieval System KWIC Key Word in Context KWOC Key Word out of Context
LABCOMU.S. Army Laboratory Command LAE Liquid Apogee Engine LAMPS Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System LAM Louisiana Maneuvers LAN Local Area Network LANACS Local Area Network Asynchronous Connection Server LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory LAPM Link Access Procedure for Modems LAT Local Access Terminal LAWN Local Area Wireless Network LB/TS Large Blast/Thermal Simulator LCC Life Cycle Cost LCCE Life Cycle Cost Estimate LCD Liquid Crystal Display LCM Life Cycle Model LCM Life Cycle Management LCSEC Life Cycle Software Engineering Center LCSS Life Cycle Software Support LCU Laptop Computer Unit LCU Lightweight Computer Unit LCU Last Cluster Used LDM Long Distance Modem LDR Low Data Rate LEAF Law Enforcement Access Field LEC Local Exchange Carrier LED Light-Emitting Diode LEEGCCS Leading Edge Environment for the Global Command and Control System LEM Language Extension Module LEO Low Earth Orbit LFU Least Frequently Used LHCP Left Hand Circular Polarization LHN Long-Haul Network LIVID Language Identification and Voice Identification LLNL Lawrence-Livermore National Laboratory LMDS Local Multipoint Distribution Service LMS Least Means Squared LNA Low Noise Antenna LOC Lines of Code LOCIS Library of Congress Information System LOE Level of Effort LoF Loss Of Function LoF (P) Loss of Function for Personnel LPD Low Probability of Detection LPF Low Pass Filter LPI Low Probability of Interception LPM Lines Per Minute LRI Line Replacement Item LRIP Low-Rate Initial Production LRM Language Reference Manual LRM Line Replaceable Unit LRN Local Range Network LRU Line Replaceable Unit LSB Least Significant Bit LSC Least Significant Character LSE Local Subscriber Environment LSTF Life Sciences Test Facility LV Launch Vehicle LWTC Littoral Warfare Training Complex
M/TGBC3IMobile/Transportable Ground-Based C3I (system) M/S Milestone M&A Merger and Acquisition M&S Modeling and Simulation MS&A Modeling, Simulation and Analysis MAC Media Access Control MACA Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance MACA/SS Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance / Spread Spectrum MACAW Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance for Wireless MACH Model of Atmospheric Chemical Hazards MACIPS Military Airlift Command Information Processing System MACOM Major Army command MACS Mutually Agreeable Commercial Software MAD Message Address Directory MAHO Mobile Assisted Handoff MAIS Mobile Automated Instrumentation Suite MAISRC Major Automated Information System Review Council MAMS Military Airspace Management System MAN Metropolitan Area Network MANET Mobile Ad Hoc Network MAPSE Minimal ADA Program Support Environment MARCORSYSCOM Marine Corps Systems Command MARKS Modern Army Record Keeping System MASC Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center MASDA Model and Simulation Decision Aid MASE Message Administration Service Element MBE Multi-Band Emitter MBS MUOS Base Station Mbps Megabits per second MCAD Mechanical Computer Aided Design MCB Memory Control Block MCBF Mean Cycles Between Failures MCCR Mission Critical Computer Resources MCDA Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis MCEB Military Communications-Electronic Board MCMSMO Marine Corps Modeling and Simulation Management Office MCMSWG Marine Corps Modeling and Simulation Working Group MCP Mission Capability Package MCS Message Conversion System MDDC Missile Defense Data Center MDR Medium Data Rate MDS Meteorological Data System MDSE Message Delivery Service Element MDT Message Distribution Terminal MEL Master Environment Library MEO Medium Earth Orbit METS Mobile Electronic Threat Simulator MFG Multi-Function Gateway MFIP Multi-Function Interoperability Processor MFS Manned Flight Simulator MGED Multidevice Graphics Editor MGRS Military Grid Reference System MHS Message Handling System MHz MegaHertz MIB Management Information Base MIDAS Model for Intertheater Deployment by Air and Sea MIDS Multifunction Information Distribution System MIDS-LVT Multi-Functional Information Distribution System - Low Voltage Terminal MIL Man-in-the-loop MILES Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System MILNET Military network MIMD Multiple-Instruction, Multiple-Data MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension MINX Multimedia Information Exchange Network MIPR Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request MIPS Millions of Instructions Per Second MIR Most Important Requirements MIS Management Information System MISD Management Information Systems Directorate MISMA U.S. Army Model Improvement and Study Management Agency MISSI Multilevel Information System Security Initiative MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT Management Information Tree ML Machine Language MLS Multi-Level Security MMHS Military Message Handling System MMI Man-Machine Interface MMS Multilevel Mail Server MMU Mass Memory Unit MMU Memory Management Unit MMW Millimeter Wave MMWPROP Millimeter Wave Propagation Prediction Model MNOI Messages Not Of Interest MNS Mission Needs Statement MOBA Military Operations in Built-Up Areas MOBACS Military Operations in Built-Up Areas Combat Simulation MODAS Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System ModSAF Modular Semi-Automated Forces MOEs Measures of Effectiveness MOHLL Machine Oriented High Level Language MOM Management Object Model MOO Measures of Outcome MOPs Measures Of Performance MORS Military Operations Research Society MOSAIC MOdels and Simulations: Army Integrated Catalog MOUT Military Operations in Urban Terrain MPD Message Preparation Directory MPDU Message Protocol Data Unit MRC Major Regional Conflict MRSE Message Retrieval Service Element MRT Mean Repair Time MRTFB Major Range and Test Facility Base MS Microsoft MS Milestone MS Message Store M&S Modeling and Simulation MSAS Military Simulation Assessment System MSC Mobile Switching Center MSCC M&S Coordination Center MSCCTF M&S Coordination Center Task Force MSD Mass Storage Device MSDDB Master Seafloor Digital Data Base MSDOS Microsoft Disk Operating System MSDS Master Simulation Data System MSE Mobile Subscriber Equipment MSEA M&S Executive Agent MSI Multi-Spectral Imagery MSIS M&S Information System MSL Mean Sea Level MSMP M&S Master Plan MSP Message Security Protocol MSRR Modeling and Simulation Resource Repository MSRR M&S Resource Repository MSSE Message Submission Service Element MSWG Modeling and Simulation Working Group MT Message Transfer MTA Message Transfer Agent MTBCF Mean Time Between Critical Failure MTBF Mean Time Between Failure MTBR Mean Time Between Repair MTDS Marine Corps Tactical Data System MTF Message Text Formats MTF Modulation Transfer Function; MTM Model-Test-Model MTOPS Millions of Theoretical Operations Per Second MTS Moving Target Simulator MTS Message Transfer System MTTF Mean Time To Failure MTTR Mean Time To Repair MTU Maximum Transmission Unit MTWS Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Tactical Warfare Simulation MUTES Multiple Threat Emitter Systems MVC Multicast Virtual Circuit MWARS Maneuver-Warfare Analytical and Research System
NALCOMISNaval Aviation Logistics Command Information System NAM Network Assessment Model NARDAC Navy Regional Data Automation Center NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NAS National Academy of Sciences NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA/MSFC NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA/Stennis NASA Stennis Space Center NASI NetWare Asynchronous Services Interface NASM National Air (Warfare) Simulation Model NASNET Naval Aviation Simulator Network Training NAU Network Addressable Unit NAVAIR Naval Air Systems Command NAVAIRLANT Naval Air Force Atlantic Fleet NAVAIRPAC Naval Air Force Pacific Fleet NAVAIRSYSCOM Naval Air Systems Command NAVELECSYSCOM Naval Electronics Systems Command NAVMIC Naval Maritime Intelligence Center NAVSEA Naval Sea System Command NAVSEASYSCOM Naval Sea Systems Command NAVSTAR GPS Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System NBS National Bureau of Standards (see NIST) NCA National Command Authority NCCOSC Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Center NCDC National Climatic Data Center NCS Network Computing System NCS National Communications System NCS Network Control Station NCSA National Center for Supercomputing Applications NCSC National Computer Security Center NCW Network Centric Warfare NES Network Encryption System NESSE Near Earth Simulated Space Environment NET NET Network Entity Title NET Not Earlier Then NET New Equipment Training NETOPS Network Operations NETWARS Network Warfare Simulation NFS Network File Server NGCR Next Generation Computer Resources NGO Non-Government Organization NGPM Next Generation Performance Model NGTCS Next Generation Target Control System NIC Network Information Center NIDR Network Information Discover and Retrieval NII National Information Infrastructure NIPRNET Unclassified but Sensitive IP Router Network (DISN) NIR Network Information Retrieval NISO National Information Standards Organization NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NITC National Information Technology Center NLP National-Level Telecommunications Programs NLSP Network Layer Security Protocol NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOCC Network Operations Control Center NODC National Oceanographic Data Center NODDS Navy Oceanographic Data Distribution System NOGAPS Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System NOVAM Navy Oceanic Vertical Aerosol Model NRaD Naval C2 and Ocean Surveillance Center Research, Development, Test and Evaluation Division NREN National Research and Education Network NRL Naval Research Laboratory NRMC Navy Regional Medical Center NSA National Security Agency NSC National Simulation Center NSD National Security Directive NSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure NSF National Science Foundation NSFnet NSF network 45 mb/sec T-3 NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data Center NSO Network Security Officer NSRD National Software Reuse Directory NSTC National Science and Technology Council NSTL National Software Testing Labs NTACMS Navy Tactical Missile System NTB National Test Bed NTCS-A Navy Tactical Command Systems Afloat NTDR Near Term Digital Radio NTDS Navy Tactical Data System NTF National Test Facility NTIC Naval Technical Intelligence Center NTIS National Technical Information Service NUI Network User Interface NUSSE Non-Uniform Simple Surface Evaporation (model) NVD Night Vision Device NV&EOL Night Vision and Electro-Optics Laboratory NVE Night Vision Equipment NVESD Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate NVG Night Vision Goggles NVO Non-Virtual Ocean NVRAM Non-Volatile Random Access Memory NVS Night Vision System NWARS National Wargaming System NWTDB Naval Warfare Technical Data Base
O&MOperations and Maintenance OAI Open Applications Interface OASD Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense OATS Office Automation and Technology Services OBJ Object OCI Organizational Conflict of Interest ODBMS Object-Oriented Data Base Management System ODES Operational and Deployment Experiments Simulator ODI Open Datalink Interface ODM Organizational Domain Modeling ODP Open Distributed Processing OH or O/H Overhead OII Operations-Intelligence Interface OIRA OMB Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs OIS Office Information System OLE Object Linking and Embedding OM Object Model OMDD Object Model Data Dictionary OMDT Object Model Development Tool OMIS Office of Computer Services and Information Systems OML Object Model Library OMT Object Model Template ONC Open Network Computing OO Object-Oriented OOD Object-Oriented Design OODA Object-Oriented Design with Assemblies OODA Observation, Orientation, Decision, Action OODB Object-Oriented Data Base OODBMS Object-Oriented Database Management System OOM Object-Oriented Modeling OOTW Operations Other Than War OPFACs Operational Facilities OPNET Optimized Network Engineering Tools OPTADS Operations Tactical Data Systems OQPSK Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying ORACLE Operational Research and Critical Link Evaluation ORB Object Request Broker ORD Operational Requirements Document OS Operating System OSAM Office of Spectrum Analysis and Management OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense OSE Open System Environment OSF Open Software Foundation OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSP Other Service Program OSS Operations Support System OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy OTA Office of Technology Assessment OTI Office of Technical Integration OUSD(A) Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition
P&LProduction and Logistics P3I Pre-Planned Product Improvement PADIL PATRIOT Air Defense Information Language PADS Position Azimuth Determining System PAMAS Power Aware Multi-Access protocol with Signaling for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks PBX Private Branch Exchange PC Personal computer PCB Printed Circuit Board PCIS Portable Common Interface Set PCM Pulse Code Modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCMR Probability of Correct Message Receipt PCMT Personal Computer Message Terminal PCTE Portable Common Tools Environment PDA Personal Digital Assistant PDES Product Data Exchange using STEP PDF Portable Document Format PDF Probability Density Function PDU Protocol Data Unit PDE Precision Engagement PID Protocol Identifier Data PIF Picture Interchange Format File PIF Program Interrupt Controller PIN Personal Identification Number PIN Process Identification Number PIO Processor Input/Output PIPS Polar Ice Prediction System PK Probability of Kill PKI Public Key Infrastructure PLA Plain Language Address PLAD Plain Language Address Designator PLEXUS Phillips Laboratory Expert User System PM Program Manager PM ITTS Project Manager for Instrumentation, Targets, and Threat Simulations PMAW Power and Mobility Aware Wireless protocol PMSP Preliminary Message Security Protocol PNP Plug and Play POM Program Objectives Memorandum PPDB Point Positioning Data Base PTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency PRN Packet Radio Network PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory PSA Principal Staff Assistant PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PTT Push To Talk PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit PVD Plain View Display PVO Private Voluntary Organization
Q/IQuestion/Issue QA Quality Assurance QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QBE Query By Example QBF Query By Form QC Quality Control QDE Quality Data Evaluation QDOS Quick and Dirty Operating System QDR Quality Deficiency Report QFA Quick File Access QoS Quality of Service QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
R-TReal-Time R&A Review and Analysis R&D Research and Development RAC Reliability Analysis Center RAM Random Access Memory RAM Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RASPUTIN Rapid Scenario Preparation Unit for Intelligence RAV Robotic Air Vehicle RBBS Remote Bulletin Board System RCAS Reserve Component Automation System RC Routing Control RCC Range Commanders Council RDA Remote Database Access RDA Research, Development, and Acquisition RDADS Real Time Data Acquisition And Display System RDAISA Research, Development and Acquisition Information Systems Agency RDB Relational Database RDBMS Relational Data Base Management System RDT&E Research, Development, Test and Evaluation REA Remote Entity Approximation REDCAP Real-Time Electromagnetic Data Processor and Analyzer REFORGER Return of Forces to Germany RESA Research, Evaluation, and System Analysis RF Radio Frequency RFI Request for Information RFP Request for Proposals RFPI Rapid Force Projection Initiative RFS Remote File Sharing RFSS Radio Frequency Simulation System RGS Remote Ground Station RHCP Right Hand Circular Polarization RID RTI Initialization Data RIMS Radar Image Modeling System RIP Routing Information Protocol RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer RLF Reuse Library Framework RLMS Radar Land Mass Simulator ROAMS Reusable Object Access and Management System ROM Read Only Memory ROM Rough Order of Magnitude ROMC Required Operational Messaging Characteristics ROSE Remote Operation Service Element ROV Range of View ROV Remotely Operated Vehicle ROW Rest of the World ROW Return Order Wire ROW Reverse Order Wire RPC Remote Procedure Call RRDB Rapidly Reconfigurable Data Base RRDS Reduced Resolution Data Set RS Relay System RTCS Real Time Clock System RTF Rich Text Format RTI Runtime Infrastructure RTIC real-time information in the cockpit RTOS Reconfigurable Tactical Operations Simulator RTOS Real Time Operating System RTS Request to Send RTV Real Time Video RWM Read-Write Memory
S/WSoftware S&E Science and Engineering S&M Simulation and Modeling S&T Science and Technology S&TP Science and Technology Program SA Studies and Analysis SA Signal Assets SA Situational Awareness SAC Senate Appropriations Committee SAC Senior Advisory Council SADS Simulated Air Defense System SAF Semi-Automated Forces SAFOR Semi-Automated Forces SALT Society for Applied Learning Technology SAM Surface-to-Air Missile SAN Satellite Access Node SAN Storage Area Network SASC Senate Armed Services Committee SASER Synthetic Atmosphere and Space Environment Representations SATCOM Satellite Communications SBIRS Space-Based Infra Red System SBIS Sustaining Base Information System SBLC Sustaining Base Level Computer SCCB Software Configuration Control Board SCDL Surveillance and Control Data Link SCIPMIS Standard Civilian Personnel Management Information System SCORES Scenario Oriented Recurring Evaluation System SCM Software Configuration Management SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control (IBM) SDM Sub-Rate Data Multiplexer SDMA Space Division Multiple Access SDNS Secure Data Network System SDP Software Development Plan Or Procedure SDRB Specifications and Data Review Board SE Synthetic Environment SEACATT Sea Combined Arms Tactical Trainer SEAD Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses SEAMLSS Simulation and Evaluation of Adaptive Mobile Large Scale Network Systems SEF Secretary of Defense SECOMO Software Engineering Cost Model SED Software Engineering Directorate SEE Software Engineering Environments SEI Software Engineering Institute SEM Spherical Earth Model SEM Simulation, Engineering and Modeling SF Synthetic Forces SGD Symbolized Graphics Data SGEN Signal Generator SGLS Space-Ground Link System (USAF) SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language SHADE Shared Data Engineering SIF Standard Simulator Data Base (SSDB) Interchange Format SIF System Integration Facilities SIFT Simulation Interface Toolset SIG Special Interest Group SIGINT Signals Intelligence SIL System Integration Laboratories SIMCON Simulation Converter SIMNET Simulation Network SIMTECH Simulation Technology Program SIMWG Simulation Working Group SINCGARS Single Channel Ground and Air Radio System SIPRNET Secret Internet Protocol Router Network SMA Spatial Multiple Access SMART Simulation & Modeling for Acquisition, Requirements and Training SMART Susceptibility Model Assessment and Range Test SMDS Switched Multi-megabit Data Service SME Subject Matter Expert SMF System Management Function SMTA Subordinate Message Transfer Agent SMTP Simple Message Transfer Protocol SNA System Network Architecture SND Standardized Nomenclature Database SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNNAP Statistical Neural Network Analysis Package SNODEP Snow Depth Model SNP Subnetwork Protocol SNR Signal to Noise Ratio SNS Secure Network Server Soar State operator and result SOCC Satellite Operations Control Center SOE Synthetic Operating Environment SOE Standard Operating Environment SOF Special Operations Forces SOFATS Special Operations Forces Aircrew Training System SOFNET-JCM Special Operations Forces Inter-Simulation Network - Joint Conflict Model SOFPARS Special Operations Forces Planning and Rehearsal System SOL Simulation Oriented Language SOM Simulation Object Model SONET Synchronous Optical Network SoS System-of-systems SOTA State of the Art SOW Statement of Work SPAWAR Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command SPCR Software Problem Change Requests SPD Standards Planning Database SPPD Signal ProcessOr Package Design SPRAE Stochastic Predictor of Artillery Effectiveness SPS Software Product Specification SQA Software Quality Assurance SQL Structured Query Language SQL/DS Structured Query Language/Data System SQP Software Quality Program SQPP Software Quality Program Plan SQuASH Stochastic Quantitative Analysis of System Hierarchies (Computer model for predicting terminal ballistic effects) SRP Software Reuse Program SRR System or Software Readiness Review SRS System or Software Requirements Specification SSA Software Support Activity SSCDB Subsurface Currents Data Base SSF Software Support Facilities SSGM Strategic Scene Generation Model SSMC Symbology Standards Management Committee SSP Simulation Support Plan SSR Software Specification Review SSTORM Structured Scenario Torpedo Operational Requirements Model SS&T Space, Science and Technology STACCS Standardized Theater Army Command and Control System STADLS Surrogate Threat Air Defense Laser System SE Scenario Toolkit and Generation Environment STARS Software Technology for Adaptable Reliable Software STARS SHAPE Technical Center Adaptable Radar Simulator STARS Software Technology for Adaptable, Reliable Systems STDL Submarine Tactical Data Link Program STE Surface Threat Emitter Or Special Test Equipment STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data STK Satellite Toolkit STM Synchronous Transfer Mode STOW Synthetic Theater of War STOW-E Synthetic Theater of War - Europe STR Software Trouble Reports STRICOM Simulation, Training and Instrumentation Command STVLS Surrogate Threat Visible Laser System SURVIAC Survivability/Vulnerability Information Analysis Center SWCI Software Configuration Item SWEG Simulated Warfare Environment Generator SWIL Software-in-the-Loop SWIP Software Improvement Program SYNB Synthetic Battlefield SYNC Synchronous SYSGEN System Generator SYSLOG System LogT
T&ETest and Evaluation T&S Training and Simulation TA Technical Architecture TACAMO Take Charge and Move Out TACCIMS Theater Automated Command Control Information Management System TACCSF Theater Air Command and Control Simulation Facility TACSIM Tactical Simulation TACTICS-II Tactical Information Control System II TACTS Tactical Aircrew Combat Training System TADIL Tactical Digital Information Link TAFIM Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management TAG Technical Advisory Group TAGS Tactical Gamma Ray Simulator TAIS Telecommunications and Automated Information Systems TAMD Theater Air and Missile Defense TAMMIS Theater Army Medical Management Information System TAP Technology Area Plan TAT TACSIM ALSP Translator TBS To Be Determined TBIS Technology Base Investment Strategy TCC Telecommunications center TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TCSEC Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria TD/CM Technical Data/Configuration Management TD/CMS Technical Data/Configuration Management System TDDS Tactical Data Distribution System TDI Trusted Database Interpretation TDL Tactical Data Link TDM Time Division Multiplexer TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDP TSPI Data Processor TDP Test Design Plan TDP Technical Data Package TDSS Training Devices, Simulations, and Simulators TEAM Threat Engagement Analysis Model TEAM Technology Base Enhancements for Autonomous Machines TEC Topographic Engineering Center TEGEN Tactical Environment Generator TEMITS Test and Evaluation Management Information and Tracking System TEMPEST Security class involving compromise of classified data through interception of electronic impulses. TEMS Test and Evaluation Mission Simulator TERIS Test and Evaluation Range Internet System TES Tactical Engagement Simulation TF Task Force TFA Transparent File Access TFDD Text File Device Driver TIBS Tactical Information Broadcast System TID Touch Interactive Display TIDS Tactical Information Distribution System TIES Terrain Imagery Exploitation System TIIP Topographic Imagery Integration Prototype TIM Tactical Internet Model TIM Technical Integration Manager TIREM Terrain-Integrated Rough-Earth Model TLD Top Level Demonstrations TLM Topographic Line Maps TLSP Transport Layer Security Protocol TMIG Theater Mobile Information Grid TMS Telecommunications Management System TNI Trusted Network Interpretation TOPS Thermodynamic Ocean Prediction System TORA Temporarily Ordered Routing Algorithm TOSL Tactical Ocean Simulation Laboratory TPFDD Time-Phased Force and Deployment Data TRAC TRADOC Analysis Center TRADOC U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command TRI-TAC Tri-Service Tactical Communications TRM Technical Reference Model TRS Thermal Radiation Simulator TRS Training, Readiness & Simulation TSIG Trusted Systems Interoperability Group TSPI Time, Space, and Position Information TT&C Telemetry, Tracking and Command TWG Technical Working Group TWINS Tactical Wideband Network System TWSTIAC Tactical Warfare Simulation and Technical Information Analysis Center
UACGUpper Air Gridded Climatology Data Base UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicles UC or U/C Up Converter UCC Unified Combatant Command UCI User-Computer Interface UD User Domain UGDF Uniform Gridded Data Field UHF Ultra High Frequency UI UNIX International UIDL User Interface Definition Language UIMS User Interface Management System UISRM User Interface System Reference Model ULANA Unified Local Area Network Architecture ULMS Unit-Level Message Switch UN United Nations UNA Use No Abbreviations UNMA Unified Network Management Architecture USA United States Army USACOM U.S. Atlantic Command USAES U.S. Army Engineer School USAEUR U.S. Amy, Europe USAF United States Air Force USAFACS U.S. Army Field Artillery Center and School, Fort Sill, Oklahoma USAFAS U.S. Army Field Artillery School USAFE United States Air Force Europe USAF/XOM U.S. Air Force Directorate of Modeling, Simulation and Analysis USAHEL U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory USAIS U.S. Army Infantry School USAISC U.S. Army Information System Command USASSDC US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command USCENTCOM U.S. Central Command USCG U.S. Coast Guard USCINCPAC U. S. Commander-in-Chief Pacific USD(A&T) Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition & Technology USEUCOM U.S. European Command USFIB U.S. Foreign Intelligence Board USFK U.S. Forces Korea USJFCOM United States Joint Forces Command USMC United States Marine Corps USMCR United States Marine Corps Reserve USMTF U.S. Message Text Format USN United States Navy USNO United States Naval Observatory USO Unix Software Organization USPACOM U.S. Pacific Command USSOCOM U.S. Special Operations Command USSOUTHCOM U.S. Southern Command USSPACOM U.S. Space Command USTRANSCOM U.S. Transportation Command UTACCS U.S. Army Europe Theater Automated Command Control System UT Universal Time UTE Unmanned Threat Emitter UTM Universal Transverse Mercator UTSS Universal Threat System for Simulators UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy UW Unconventional Warfare UWEF Underwater Evaluation Facility
VAVeteran's Affairs, Department of VAFB Vandenberg Air Force Base VCI Virtual Channel Identifier VEMPS Vertically Polarized Electromagnetic Pulse Simulator VGDEM Variable Generalized Digital Environmental Model VHF Very High Frequency VHO Very High Orbit VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuit VISTA Variable Stability In-Flight Simulator Test Aircraft VM Virtual Memory VME Virtual Memory Extender VMS Vertical motion simulator VMU Voice Message Unit VR Virtual Reality VSF Vetronics Simulation Facility VSR Visual Stimulation Research VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio V&V Verification and Validation VV&A Verification, Validation and Accreditation VV&C Verification, Validation and Certification VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal
WANWide Area Network WARSIM Warfighters Simulation WATM Wireless ATM WB WAR Breaker WBSS Wideband Digital Switching System WBSV Wideband Secure Voice WEAM Weapons Effectiveness Analysis Model WES Waterways Experiment Station WEST Weapons Effectiveness Simulated Threat WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984 WINDS Weather in Distributed Interactive WIN-T Warfighter Information Network - Terrestrial WMD Weapons of Mass Destruction WORM Write Once Read Many WPC Warrior Preparation Center WPE Word Processing Equipment WRDB Water Resources Data Base WSMC Western Space and Missile Center WTR Western Test Range (See WSMC) WWMCCS World Wide Military Command and Control System WWOLS World Wide On-Line System WWW World Wide Web
YPGYuma Proving Ground
ZULUGreenwich Meantime
3-D.Three-dimensional, refers to the visual display that exhibits breadth, height and thickness or depth. Standard 2-D computer images and television displays create a flat image with only height and breadth. [DSMC 2]
6 DOF. Six degrees of freedom, refers to the number of simultaneous directions or inputs a sensor can measure. Typically used to describe the combination of spatial positions ( X, Y, Z) and orientation (roll, pitch, yaw). [DSMC 2]
Absorbing Markov Chain Model. A Markov chain model that has at least one absorbing state and in which from every state it is possible to get to at least one absorbing state. [DIS; IEEE]
Absorbing State. In a Markov chain model, a state that cannot be left once it is entered. [DIS; IEEE]
Abstraction. Abstraction denotes the essential characteristics of an object that distinguish it from all other kinds of objects and thus provide crisply defined conceptual boundaries, relative to the perspective of the user. [DMSO 93 SAFOR Survey]
Accessibility. The ease of approaching, entering, or obtaining. [DoD 8320.1-M-3]
Accreditation. The official certification that a model or simulation is acceptable for use for a specific purpose. [DoDD 5000.59; JCS Pub 1-02; DODI 5000.XX; DIS; MSMP]
Accreditation Agent. The organization designated by the accreditation sponsor to conduct an accreditation assessment for a M&S application. [DoDI 5000.XX]
Accreditation Authority. An individual occupying a position with the appropriate rank, grade, responsibility and/or authority to accredit a model, simulation, or federation of models and/or simulations for a particular purpose or purposes. [DoDI 5000.XX]
Accreditation Process. The procedure followed by the M&S application sponsor that culminates in the accreditation determination. [DA PAM 5- 11]
Accreditation Sponsor. The DoD Component or other organization with the responsibility for accrediting a model, simulation, or federation of models and/or simulations for a specific use or series of uses (e.g., for joint training or a Defense Acquisition Board milestone review). [DoDI 5000.XX]
Accuracy. The degree of exactness of a model or simulation, high accuracy implying low error. [DIS]
Action Plans. A plan for addressing one of the sub-objectives identified in the main body of the DoD M&S Master Plan. Each Action Plan outlines the needs associated with its subj-objective, states a vision or target state to be reached to address those needs, and a road map that outlines current, planned, or suggested activities that must be performed to reach the target state. [MSMP]
Activity. In modeling and simulation, a task that consumes time and resources and whose performance is necessary for a system to move from one event to the next. [IEEE]
Activity-Based Simulation. A discrete simulation that represents the components of a system as they proceed from activity to activity; for example, a simulation in which a manufactured product moves from station to station in an assembly line. [DIS, IEEE]
Activity Models. Models of the processes that make up the functional activity showing inputs, outputs, controls, and mechanisms through which the processes of the functional activity are (or will be) conducted. [DoD 8320.1-M]
Ada. A high order computer language designed and developed to DoD requirements for modular standard language. While the original focus was for real-time embedded software, Ada has also been used for a variety of other software systems including some simulation systems. [DSMC 1]
Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD). Technology demonstrations that are tightly focused on specific military concepts and that provide the incorporation of technology into a warfighting system is still at an informal stage. The ACTDs have three motivations: 1) to have the user gain an understanding of and to evaluate the military utility before committing to acquisition; 2) to develop corresponding concepts of operation and doctrine that make best use of the new capability; and 3) to provide the residual operational capability to the forces. ACTDs are of militarily significant scope and of a size sufficient to establish utility. [Defense S&T Strategy (draft), 1994]
Advanced Distributed Simulation (ADS). A set of disparate models or simulations operating in a common synthetic environment in accordance with the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) standards. The ADS may be composed of three modes of simulation: live, virtual and constructive which can be seamlessly integrated within a single exercise. See also: live simulation; virtual simulation; constructive simulation. [DIS]
Aggregate Level Simulation Protocol (ALSP). A family of simulation interface protocols and supporting infrastructure software that permit the integration of distinct simulations and war games. Combined, the interface protocols and software enable large-scale, distributed simulations and war games of different domains to interact at the combat object and event level. The most widely known example of an ALSP confederation is the Joint/Service Training Confederation (CBS, AWSIM, JECEWSI, RESA, MTWS, TACSIM, CSSTSS) which has provided the backbone to many large, distributed, simulation-supported exercises. Other examples of ALSP confederations include confederations of analytical models that have been formed to support US Air Force, US Army, and US TRANSCOM studies. [MSMP]
Aggregation. The ability to group entities while preserving the effects of entity behavior and interaction while grouped. See also: disaggregation. [MSMP]
Algorithm. A prescribed set of well-defined, unambiguous rules or processes for the solution of a problem in a finite number of steps. [AFI 16-102; DSMC 1]
Algorithm Checks. A rigorous verification of the mathematics of an algorithm to ensure freedom from any errors in the expression (e.g., incorrect signs, incorrect variables applied in the equations, derivation errors) and to ensure that the algorithms are consistent with their stated intents. [DIS]
Alternate Key. Property or characteristic that can be used as a secondary identifier for an entity or entity class. [DoD 8320.1-M-X]
Analytical Model. A model consisting of a set of solvable equations; for example, a system of solvable equations that represents the laws of supply and demand in the world market.[IEEE; DIS]
Architecture. The structure of components in a program/system, their interrelationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time. [MSMP; IEEE Standard 610.12]
Artificial Intelligence (AI). The part of computer science concerned with designing intelligent computer systems, that is, systems that exhibit the characteristics usually associated with intelligence in human behavior -- understanding language, learning, reasoning, solving problems, and so on. [Hndbk of Artfcl Intell]
Associative Entity. An entity that inherits its primary key from two or more other entities (those that are associated). An associative entity is used to represent many-to-many relationships. [JDBE]
Asynchronous Transmission. Transmission in which each information character is individually synchronized (usually by the use of start elements and stop elements). [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng, Pub 9]
Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM). A multiplexing protocol based on a small 53-byte fixed-length cell designed to efficiently transfer several sources of data over a single carrier at high speeds. [IDA ADS Paper]
Atmosphere. A kind of mission space entity. The mass of air surrounding the earth and the features embedded within it, including clouds, smoke, and fog. [DMSO-ERTWG]
Attribute. A property or characteristic of one or more entities; for example, COLOR, WEIGHT, SEX. Also, a property inherent in an entity or associated with that entity for database purposes. [DoD 8320.1-M; DoD 8320.1-M-1; FIPS Pub 11-3]
Attribute Fidelity. An enumerated value representing the degree of the object state uncertainty inherent in published values of the attribute. [DMSO-HLA] Attribute Overloading. The ability of an attribute to carry one of two or more separate facts. [JDBE]
Attribute Ownership. The property of a simulation that gives it the responsibility to publish values for a particular object attribute. [DMSO- HLA]
Attributive Entity. An entity that has the same primary key as the parent and additional attributes that eliminate the occurrence of repeating groups in the parent. [DoD 8320.1-M-X]
Authoritative Data Source. A data source whose products have undergone producer data VV&C activities. [Army-TRADOC]
Authoritative Representation. Models, algorithms, and data that have been developed or approved by a source which has accurate technical knowledge of the entity or phenomenon to be modeled and its effects.[MSMP -- Chapter 4 Footnote]
Automated Forces (AFOR). The most automated of the computer generated forces which requires little or no human interaction. [MSMP]
Automated Information System (AIS). A combination of computer hardware and computer software, data, and/or telecommunications that performs functions such as collecting, processing, storing, transmitting, and displaying information. Excluded are computerresources, both hardware and software, that are: physically part of, dedicated to, or essential in real time to the mission performance of weapon systems; used for weapon system specialized training, simulation, diagnostic test and maintenance, or calibration; or used for research and development of weapon systems. [DoD 8320.1-M]
Autonomous. A battlefield entity which does not require the presence of another battlefield entity in order to conduct its own simulation in the battlefield environment is said to be autonomous. All DIS compliant battlespace entities are autonomous in that they are responsible for creating their own view of the environment. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng Pub 6]
Battlefield Entity.A simulation entity which corresponds to actual equipment, supplies, and personnel that can be seen or sensed on a real battlefield. Platform level battlefield entities include aircraft ships, armor vehicles, dismounted infantry soldiers, guided missiles, command posts, trucks, etc. Unit level entities, such as platoons, companies, etc. can be considered as battlefield entities, but they will not be DIS compliant until the standards are broadened to incorporate them. A battlefield entity incorporates a direct soldier/machine interface which replicates the soldier/machine interface of the actual battlefield entity. [MSETT]
Battlespace. Battlespace refers both to the physical environment in which the simulated warfare will take place and the forces that will conduct the simulated warfare. All elements which support the front line forces (e.g., logistics, intelligence) are included in this definition of battlespace. [MSMP]
Battlespace Data Base. Database which defines the specific domain of an engagement. It includes the parametric data needed to generate an operating version of the SIMWORLD. When combined with the SESSION data base (which provides the scenario and other simulation specific data), the BATTLESPACE can generate an exercise. The BATTLESPACE in all caps is used as a shortened notation for "Battlespace Data Base." [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng Pub 6]
Battlespace Entity. A simulation entity which corresponds to actual equipment, supplies, and personnel that can be seen or sensed on a real battlefield. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng, Pub 3]
Behavior. For a given object, how attribute value changes effect (or are effected by) the object attribute value changes of the same or other objects. [DMSO-HLA]
Benchmark. The activity of comparing the results of a model or simulation with an accepted representation of the process being modeled. [DIS]
Benchmarking. The comparison between a model's output and the outputs of other models or simulations, all of which represent the same input and environmental conditions. [MORS; SMART]
Best Effort Service. A communication service in which transmitted data is not acknowledged. Such data typically arrives in order, complete and without errors. However, if an error occurs, or a packet is not delivered, nothing is done to correct it (e.g., there is no retransmission). [IEEE 1278.1]
Bit. The smallest unit of information in the binary system of notation. [DIS; IEEE 1278.1]
Black Box Model. A model whose inputs, outputs, and functional performance are known, but whose internal implementation is unknown or irrelevant; for example, a model of a computerized change-return mechanism in a vending machine, in the form of a table that indicates the amount of change to be returned for each amount deposited. Syn: input/output model. Contrast with: glass box model. [DIS; IEEE]
Boundary Condition. The values assumed by the variables in a system, model, or simulation when one or more of them is at a limiting value at the edge of the domain of interest. Contrast with: final condition; initial condition. [DIS; IEEE]
Broadcast. A transmission model in which a single message is sent to all network destinations, i.e., one-to-all. Broadcast is a special case of multicast. Contrast with: multicast; unicast. [DIS; IEEE 1278.2]
Browsing. Opportunity for users to freely examine and peruse through the contents of a database. [DMSO]
Built-in-Simulation. A special-purpose simulation provided as a component of a simulation language; for example, a simulation of a bank that can be made specific by stating the number of tellers, number of customers, and other parameters. [DIS; IEEE]
Built-in-Simulator. A simulator that is built-in to the system being modeled; for example, an operator training simulator built into the control panel of a power plant such that the system can operate in simulator mode or in normal operating mode. [DIS; IEEE] Bundling. The process of packing separate Protocol Data Units (PDU) into composite or aggregated PDU. Contrast with: unbundling. [DIS]
Business Rule. A statement or fact that defines the constraints and relationships between data elements. [DoD 8320.1-M-X]
C++ (C-Plus-Plus).A high order computer language used extensively in commercial software. C++ is an object oriented extension to the C language. [DSMC 1]
Candidate Key. An attribute or group of attributes that might be chosen as a primary key. [JDBE]
Cardinality. A statement of the number of entity instances that may or must participate at each end of a relationship. [JDBE]
Cardinality. Number of objects in the simulation. [DMSO]
Catalogue. An enumeration of M&S data, or other items arranged systematically with descriptive details such as setup time, running time, developer, point of contact, etc. [Army; DMSO]
Category I. A time management discipline that generally computes simulation time as the combination of scaled wall clock time plus an offset value. Category I simulations are often referred to as real time simulations. [DMSO-HLA]
Category II. A time management discipline that generally computes simulation time as a function of the most recent value of simulation time and the simulation's current state. Category II simulations are often referred to as logical time simulations. [DMSO-HLA]
Cell. A cell is a set of simulation entities using fully consistent databases and simulations, i.e. the simulation models have been specifically designed to work together. All entities within a cell must have unrestricted broadcast of datagram messages to all other entities within the cell. By definition, the entities in a cell are homogeneous, and at the same security classification level. For example, a set of interconnected SIMNET simulators using the same terrain database constitute a cell. A cell is usually located on a single local network, but it is possible to distribute one over a wide area network if sufficient bandwidth is available and latency is low enough to maintain coherency. If any type of interface is required to network with a remote site, the two sites are different cells. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng Pub 6] Cell Interface Unit (CIU). A processing module which interfaces a Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) Standard Cell with the virtual network. One device is required for each standard cell. CIUs provide intercell services such as message filtering, translation of messages, data compression, and aggregation/deaggregation of simulation entities operating at different representation levels. [MSETT-Intro to Netwk Pub 6]
Cell Adapter Unit (CAU). A CAU interfaces a non-standard cell with the virtual network. It is functionally equivalent to a CIU, except that it adapts non-DIS cells to the DIS network by translating their messages to DIS PDUs and performs other services necessary to make their output DIS complaint. It also translates DIS PDUs into the format needed by the non- standard cells. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng Pub 6]
Central Station. A computer connected to a local area network that transmits/receives simulation management protocol data units at the direction of the simulation manager. [MSETT - Pub 3]
Class. A description of a group of objects with similar properties, common behavior, common relationships, and common semantics. [DMSO]
Class Word. A word in the name of a data element describing the category to which the data element belongs; e.g., "date", "name", "code." The word establishes the general structure and domain of a standard data element.[DoD 8320.1-M-1; DoD 8320.1-M-X; NBS Special Pub 500-149]
Closed-form Solution. A closed-form solution for representing time in dynamic models is a method in which the states or statuses of resources are described as explicit and computationally tractable functions of time. Thus, the status of a resource at time "t" can be found by evaluating the appropriate function at "t", without having to simulate combat from the start of that combat through time "t". [SIMTAX]
Code Verification. A rigorous audit of all compilable code to ensure that the representations of verified logic have been properly implemented in the computer code. [DA PAM 5-11; DSMC]
Coenetic Variable. In modeling, a variable that affects both the system under consideration and that system's environment. [IEEE]
Cohesion. Cohesion refers to the degree to which the contents of a module are logically related. [DMSO 93 SAFOR Survey]
Combatant Command (s). One of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the President of the United States. (Combatant Commands currently include: US Atlantic Command (USACOM); US Central Command (USCENTCOM); US European Command (USEUCOM); US Pacific Command (USPACOM); US Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM); US Space Command (USSPACOM); US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM); US Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM); and, US Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM)). [DoDD 5000.59; MSMP; DoDI 5000.XX]
Command and Control Warfare (C2W). The integrated use of operations security (OPSEC), military deception, psychological operations (PSYOP), electronic warfare (EW), and physical destruction, mutually supported by intelligence, to deny information to, influence, degrade, or destroy adversary C2 capabilities, while protecting friendly C2 capabilities against such actions. [MSMP]
Command Forces (CFOR). An ARPA ADS Program with the goal to represent C4I in DIS. [MSMP]
Commander-in-Chief (CINC). A position established under the authority of Title 10, United States Code, to designate an officer assigned by the President as the commander of a Combatant Command and who is directly responsible to the President of the United States and Secretary of Defense for the performance of missions assigned to that command by the President or by the Secretary of Defense with the approval of the President. Subject to the direction of the President, the commander of a combatant command (a) performs his duties under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense and (b) is directly responsible to the Secretary of Defense for the preparedness of the command to carry out missions assigned to the command. [DoDD 5000.59; MSMP; DoDI 5000.XX]
Common Data Base. A general term used to describe the collection of DIS compliant data base libraries, specifications and standards. Exercise data bases (including all cell and intercell data bases) draw from the DIS CDB and are constrained by the standards imposed by the DIS CDB. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng Pub 6]
Common-Use M&S. M&S applications, services, or materials provided by a DoD Component to two or more DoD Components.[DoDD 5000.59; DODI 5000.XX]
Complex Data. Data that cannot be characterized as a single concept, atomic data element as defined in DoD 8320.1-M-1. Complex data includes most scientific and technical data. It has been recently categorized by the Complex Data Task Force into: (a) highly derived data (e.g., probability hit/kill); (b) objects utilizing the concepts of multiple inheritance (e.g., student-assistant is subclass of student class and employee class), multiple root hierarchies (e.g., a tank is a vehicle and a tank is a weapon where "vehicle" and "weapon" are each roots), and polymorphic attributes (e.g., "capacity" for different types of aircraft may mean number of people, pounds of cargo, or gallons of fuel); (c) compositions such as command hierarchies, road networks, images (binary large objects (BLOBS), compound documents; and (d) artifacts of legacy systems and physical constraints (e.g., aircraft category and mission in one data element, intelligence facility code where the first few bytes define how the rest of the field is used. [MSMP]
Composite Attribute. A single attribute that is composed of a specific set of identifiable pieces of information; e.g., an address made up of a street number, city, state, and zip code. [JDBE]
Composition. amed subset of the simulations in a particular federation intended to achieve some particular objective distinct from the federation. [DMSO-HLA]
Compression. Any of several techniques that reduce the number of bits required to represent information in data transmission or storage, therefore conserving bandwidth and/or memory, wherein the original form of the information can be reconstructed; also called compaction. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng, Pub 11]
Computational Model. A model consisting of well-defined procedures that can be executed on a computer; for example, a model of the stock market, in the form of a set of equations and logic rules. [IEEE]
Computer Generated Forces (CGF). A generic term used to refer to computer representations of forces in simulations which attempts to model human behavior sufficiently so that the forces will take some actions automatically (without requiring man-in-the-loop interaction). Also referred to as Semi-automated Forces (SAFOR). DoD programs addressing various levels of computer automation of forces include CFOR, IFOR, and ModSAF.
Computer Hardware. Devices capable of accepting and storing computer data, executing a systematic sequence of operations on computer data, or producing control outputs. Such devices can perform substantial interpretation, computation, communication, control, or other logical functions. [DoD Std 2167A]
Computer Resources. The totality of computer hardware, firmware, software, personnel, documentation, supplies, services, and support services applied to a given effort. [DoDI 5000.2]
Computer Simulation. A dynamic representation of a model, often involving some combination of executing code, control/display interface hardware, and interfaces to real-world equipment. [DMSO]
Computer Software (or Software). A combination of associated computer instructions and computer data definitions required to enable the computer hardware to perform computational or control functions. [DoDI 5000.2]
Computer Software Documentation. Technical data or information, including computer listings and printouts, which documents the requirements, design, or details of computer software, explains the capabilities and limitations of the software, or provides operation instructions for using or supporting computer software during the software's operational life. [DoDI 5000.2]
Computer War Game. A technique by which different concepts, different pieces of hardware, or different military plans can be investigated in a multi-sided confrontation using a computer to generated displays of the battlefield and perform computations of outcomes. [AFI 16-102; DSMC 1]
Conceptual Model. A statement of the content and internal representations which are the user's and developer's combined concept of the model. It includes logic and algorithms and explicitly recognizes assumptions and limitations. [DIS]
Conceptual Schema. Descriptive representation of data and data requirements that supports the "logical" view or data administrator's view of the data requirement. This view is represented as a semantic model of the information that is stored about objects of interest to the functional area. This view is an integrated definition of the data that is unbiased toward any single application of data and is independent of how the data is physically stored or accessed. [DoD 8320.1-M]
Concrete Model. A model in which at least one component represented is a tangible object; for example, a physical replica of a building. [DIS; IEEE]
Concurrent Engineering. current engineering is a systematic approach to the integrated, concurrent design of products and their related processes, including manufacture and support. This approach is intended to cause the developers, from the outset, to consider all elements of the product life cycle from conception through disposal, including quality, cost, schedule, and user requirements. [Rpt of PAT on Military Specifications & Standards, Apr 94]
Concurrency. The property that distinguishes an active object from one that is not active. [DMSO 93 SAFOR Survey]
Condition. The values assumed at a given instant by the variables in a system, model, or simulation. See also: boundary condition; final condition; initial condition; state. [IEEE; DIS]
Conditional Event. A sequentially dependent event that will occur only if some other event has already taken place. See also: time-dependent event. [IEEE; DIS]
Configuration. A collection of an item's descriptive and governing characteristics, which can be expressed a) in functional terms, i.e., what performance the item is expected to achieve; and (b) in physical terms, i.e., what the item should look like and consist of when it is built. [DoDI 5000.2]
Configuration Item (CI). An aggregation of hardware, firmware, or computer software or any of their discrete portions, which satisfies an end use function and is designated by the Government for separate configuration management. Configuration items may vary widely in complexity, size, and type, from an aircraft, electronic, or ship system to a test meter or round of ammunition. Any item required for logistic support and designated for separate procurement is a configuration item. [DoDI 5000.2]
Configuration Management. The application of technical and administrative direction and surveillance to identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a model or simulation, control changes, and record and report change processing and implementation status. [DA PAM 5-11; Army Mstr Plan; USMC Mstr Plan]
Consistency. Data is maintained so that it is free from variation or contradiction. [DoD 8320.1-M; DoD 8320.1-M-3]
Constant. A quantity or data item whose value cannot change. [IEEE]
Constructive Model or Simulation. See Live, Virtual and Constructive Simulation. [MSMP]
Continuous Model. A mathematical or computational model whose output variables change in a continuous manner. [IEEE; DIS]
Continuous Simulation. A simulation that uses a continuous model. [DIS; IEEE]
Continuous System. A system for which the state variables change continuously with respect to time. [DSMC 1]
Control Station. Facility which provides the individual responsible for controlling the simulation and which provides the capability to implement simulation control as Protocol Data Units (PDUs) on the Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) network. [DIS]
Controllability. In respect to user interface of SAFORs, this is the ability of a user to dynamically change the tactics or behavior of a force during the course of an exercise easily and efficiently, or to stop and restart an exercise from some interim point in time. [IDA ADS Paper]
Cooperative Development. roject in which two or more DoD Components share in domain research, technical studies, or technology development that may result in dissimilar M&S applications.[DoDD 5000.59; DODI 5000.XX; DSMC 1; MSETT]
Coordinate. Linear or angular quantities which designate the position that a point occupies in a given reference frame or system. Also used as a general term to designate the particular kind of reference frame or system, such as Cartesian coordinates or spherical coordinates. [MSETT - Intro to Netwkng, Pub 12]
Cost and Operational Effectiveness Analysis (COEA). An analysis of the estimated costs and operational effectiveness of alternative materiel systems to meet a mission need and the associated program for acquiring each alternative. [DoDI 5000.2; AFI 16-102]
Critical Event Simulation. A simulation that is terminated by the occurrence of a certain event; for example, a model depicting the year-by- year forces leading up to a volcanic eruption, that is terminated when the volcano in the model erupts. See also: time-slice simulation. [DIS; IEEE]
Cross-Functional Integration. The melding of acquisition functions (such as design analysis with logistics analysis) involving shared modeling and simulation data and information. [DSMC 1]
Cultural Features. Features of the environment that have been constructed by man. Included are such items as roads, buildings, canals, marker buoys; boundary lines, and, in a broad sense, all names and legends on a map. [DMSO-ERTWG]
Cybernetics. The study of human control functions and the mechanical and electronic systems designed to replace or emulate them, including computers. "Cyber," as a prefix, denotes anything related to computer environments, especially things that involve extensive interaction by the user. [DSMC 2]
Cyberspace. Any shared reality based computer connections. While virtual reality is a form of cyberspace, cyberspace is not a virtual reality. Also, a science-fiction term coined by William Gibson in his book Neuromancer to describe a virtual universe within a global computer network allegorical to the current telephone system, but providing a multisensory experience of "being there," not just an auditory experience. [DSMC 2]
Data.A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by automatic means. [DoD 8320.1-M; DoD 8320.1-M-1; DoD 8320.1-M-X; DIS; FIPS Pub 11-3]
Data Administration (DAdm). The responsibility for definition, organization, supervision, and protection of data within an enterprise or organization. [DoDD 8320.1; D