Architecture for Blondes
Home | Colonial | Dutch Colonial | Georgian | Federal | Links | Contact Me
Dutch Colonial

The first Dutch settlers arrived in New York State in 1609, two years after the British in Virginia. They spent a lot of time fighting with the Brits and the Native Americans, while they roamed the Hudson River valley to Connecticut and New Jersey.
 
Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan and building up a lucrative fur trade. Since their aim was not agriculture, they built homes reflecting the architectural styles of the Netherland.
 
The Dutch lost New Netherland to the English during the Second Anglo-Dutch War in 1664. New Amsterdam had developed into a port town of 1500 citizens, and the incredibly diverse population (only 50 percent were actually Dutch colonists) of the colony had grown from 2,000 in 1655 to almost 9,000 in 1664. Subways came later.

Dutch colonial
Dutch colonial (Paint Shop Pro)

After the English drove the Dutch out in 1674, the Dutch influence and Dutch settlers remained. 
 
The roofs of houses were gambrel, often thatched or shingled, but sometimes the builders used bright red and blue tiles. Often the lower pitch had flaring eaves (spring or bell cast) extending over a gable roofed porch. See also Curved Roofs.

As was practical, local materials were used to build houses. Clay tiles and brick were commonly used along the Hudson River.
 
Early homes had a single room, typically twenty by twenty, with later additions added to each end in a linear pattern. Consequently, there were no interior hallways until later houses were built. They were constructed over a cellar that sometimes served as the kitchen.
 
The three- or four-storey homes were generally made of stone or brick (New Jersey and the Hudson) or even covered with shingles. Weatherboards and wood shingles were used on Long Island.

Southern houses were generally one-and-a-half storeys high to regulate the heat. The attic was used for storage and servants.
 
Dutch colonial houses sported stoops, which were stone steps raised over the cellar with seating at the front door. The above picture is a terrible example because I couldn't figure out how to make the stoop in perspective. Here's an edit, done in Goggle's SketchUp. Hopefully it's a little better, but I had to play with the curved back legs of the seating. (No, it doesn't look Dutch to me either.)

Dutch colonial with proper stoop
Dutch colonial with proper stoop

The distinctive double door was originally used to keep livestock out of the house, as well as for light and ventilation, a vantage point for the housewife to check on the neighborhood.

Irregularly placed windows were small and few, protected by either planked or paneled shutters.
 
There was a large chimney at the end of the gable, and the homes sported the original Dutch oven from medieval times. End walls were therefore usually stone.

NOTE: The nice part of working with Google's SketchUp is that you can view a house from any angle and export a view as a JPG or PNG file. I then use Paint Shop Pro for resizing and clean-up.

(This might be a good time to remind you of the Architectural Glossary,
which can clear up any questions you have about architectural terms.)