This essay has drawn heavily on Elaine Pagels' history of the theological interpretation (and thus, Western civilization's interpretation) of the story of the Garden. See especially her concluding chapter, "The Nature of Nature".
The psychological concepts are Jungian, and consistent with the presentations given by Campbell. See especially his "Myths" (1973) pp 23-4, and the many index citations in "Masks" (1976) on "garden of Eden", "garden of life", and the symbolism of trees. I am not sure where I first understood the tree of knowledge of good and evil as a metaphor for consciousness, but the theme will be familiar to readers of Jungian literature.
The identification of evil with Shadow follows the work of John A. Sanford, a Jungian analyst and Episcopal priest. See his references for sources in Jung's writings.
My presentation of a new "ethical model" is developed more completely in Living Ethics. My related writings identifying Schweitzer's reverence for life with life systems ethics are cited below.
The Tillich quotations are from pages 95-96. The Brill quotation is from page 4.
References
Bessinger, C. D., Jr. "Medical ethics and reverence for life." Journal of the South Carolina Medical Association, 1986 (June); 82:405-408.
-- "Reverence for life in clinical practice." Journal of the South Carolina Medical Association, 1987 (Feb); 83: 69-71.
-- "Living ethics: Homeostasis and ethical principle." Journal of the South Carolina Medical Association, 1990 (Dec); 86: 631-635.
Brill, Earl H. The Christian Moral Vision. New York: Seabury Press, 1979.
Campbell, Joseph. The Masks of God: Occidental Mythology. New York: Penguin, 1976
-- Myths to Live By. New York: Bantam, 1973.
Pagels, Elaine. Adam, Eve, and the Serpent. New York: Random House, 1988.
Sanford, John A. Evil: The Shadow Side of Reality. New York: Crossroad, 1986.
Schweitzer, Albert. Philosophy of Civilization (1923). Reprint, Tallahassee: University Presses of Florida, 1981.
Tillich, Paul. My Search For Absolutes. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1967.
[ Exhibit 15. Symbols of
the Garden of Eden ]
[ Exhibit 16. Ethics models]
[ Exhibit 17. The Great Commandment ]
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