Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrid References
Updated 7 January 2004
    

  1. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "A Microwave Octave-Band Lumped Element Quadrature Coupler," 2000 IEEE International Microwave Symposium (IMS00), Vol. 3, pp. 1299-1302.

    

  2. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "Design of Cascaded Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrids," IEE Proceedings on Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation, Vol. 148, No. 5, Oct 2001, pp. 275-279.

    

  3. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "Microstrip Lumped Element Quadrature Couplers for Use at Microwave Frequencies," IEE Proceedings on Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation, Vol. 147, No. 4, Aug 2000, pp. 267-271.

    

  4. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "Optimum Approximation Functions for Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrids, IEE Proceedings on Circuits, Devices, and Systems, Vol. 148, No. 1, Feb 2001, pp. 5-9.

    

  5. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "Synthesis of Summetric Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrids," IEE Proceedings on Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation, Vol. 148, No. 5, Oct 2001, pp. 269-274.

    

  6. Andrews, D.P. and C.S. Aitchison, "Transfer Functions of Optimum Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrids," IEE Proceedings on Circuits, Devices, and Systems, Vol. 148, No. 3, Jun 2001, pp. 135-139.

    

  7. Cappucci, J.D., "Networks Using Cascaded Quadrature Couplers, Each Coupler Having a Different Center Operating Frequency," US Patent 3,514,722, 26 May 1970.

    

  8. Cappucci, J.D. and H. Seidel, "Four Port Directive Coupler Having Electrical Symmetry with Respect to Both Axes," US Patent 3,452,300, 24 Jun 1969.

    

  9. Cappucci, J.D. and H. Seidel, "Lumped Parameter Directional Coupler," US Patent 3,452,301, 24 Jun 1969.

    

  10. Firestone, W.L., "Coupling System," US Patent 2,972,121, 14 Feb 1961.

    

  11. Fisher, Reed, "Twisted-Wire Quadrature Directional Couplers," QST, Jan 1978, pp. 21-23.

    

  12. Fisher, R.E., "Broad-Band Twisted-Wire Quadrature Hybrids," IEEE MTT, May 1973, pp. 355-357.

    

  13. Hagen, W., "Carrier Frequency Communication Exchange System," US Patent 2,263,461, 18 Nov 1941.

    

  14. Ho, Chen Y. and B. Furlow, "Design of VHF Quadrature Hybrids," RF Design, Jul/Aug 1979, pp. 49-54 (pt.1), Sep/Oct 1979, pp. 32-39 (pt.2).

    

  15. Ho, Chen Y., "Design of Lumped Quadrature Hybrids," Microwave Journal, Sep 1979, pp. 67-70.  See errata in Oct 1979 (?) p. 83.

    

  16. Ho, Chen Y. and G-L. Chen, "Design of Wideband Quadrature Couplers for UHF/VHF: Part I," RF Design, Nov 1989, pp. 58-61.

    

  17. Ho, Chen Y. and G-L. Chen, "Design of Wideband Quadrature Couplers for UHF/VHF: Part II," RF Design, Dec 1989, pp. 51-55.

    

  18. Kurzrok, R.M., "Lumped Element Quadrature Hybrid Provides Supplementary Low Pass Filtering," Applied Microwave & Wireless, May 2001, pp. 88-90.

    

  19. Maas, S., "Broadband, VHF Lumped-Element Couplers Using Imperfect Transformers," Applied Microwave & WIreless, Nov 99, pp. 70-78.

    

  20. Manton, R.G., "Hybrid Networks and Their Uses in Radio-Frequency Circuits," The Radio and Electronic Engineer, Vol. 54, No. 11/12, Nov/Dec 1984, pp. 473-489.

    

  21. Marcatili, E.A.J. and D.H. Ring, "Branching Hybrid Coupler Network Useeful for Broadband Power-Dividing, Duplexing and Frequency Separation," US Patent 3,184,691, 18 May 1965.

    

  22. Podell, A., "Quadrature Hybrid Couplers Serve Narrowband Applications," Microwaves & RF, Aug 1999, pp. 44-47.

    

  23. Veltrop, R.G., "Broadband Hybrid Diplexer," US Patent 3,252,113, 17 May 1966.

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