.MCAD 303010000 1 87 290 0 .CMD PLOTFORMAT 0 0 1 0 7 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 1 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 2 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 3 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 4 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 5 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 0 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 1 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 2 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 3 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 4 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 5 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 0 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 1 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 21 16 0 3 .CMD FORMAT rd=d ct=4 im=j et=6 zt=6 pr=2 mass length time charge temperature tr=0 vm=1 .CMD SET ORIGIN 0 .CMD SET TOL 0.001000000000000 .CMD SET PRNCOLWIDTH 8 .CMD SET PRNPRECISION 4 .CMD PRINT_SETUP 0.800000 0.500000 0.500000 0.500000 0 .CMD HEADER_FOOTER 1 1 *empty* *empty* *empty* 0 1 *empty* *empty* *empty* .CMD HEADER_FOOTER_FONT fontID=14 family=Arial points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD HEADER_FOOTER_FONT fontID=15 family=Arial points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=0 name=Variables .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=1 name=Constants .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=2 name=Text .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=4 name=User^1 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=5 name=User^2 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=6 name=User^3 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=7 name=User^4 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=8 name=User^5 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=9 name=User^6 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE_NAME fontID=10 name=User^7 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=0 family=Times^New^Roman points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=1 family=Times^New^Roman points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=2 family=Arial points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=4 family=Arial points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=5 family=Courier^New points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=6 family=System points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=7 family=Script points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=8 family=Roman points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=9 family=Modern points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD DEFINE_FONTSTYLE fontID=10 family=Times^New^Roman points=10 bold=0 italic=0 underline=0 .CMD UNITS U=1 .CMD DIMENSIONS_ANALYSIS 0 0 .TXT 2 30 273 0 Cg a26.125000,66.375000,35 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {Small Kernel from Subsampled MTF}} } .TXT 3 32 2 0 Cg a17.750000,24.000000,26 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {F_16-13}{.MCD, 12/19/94}} } .EQN 1 -46 6 0 {0:N}NAME:28 .EQN 0 9 7 0 {0:i}NAME:0;{0:N}NAME-1 .EQN 0 11 8 0 {0:k}NAME:0;{0:N}NAME-1 .EQN 1 -31 5 0 {0:j}NAME:\(-1) .EQN 2 11 9 0 {0:M}NAME:7 .EQN 0 9 10 0 {0:m}NAME:0;{0:M}NAME-1 .EQN 0 11 11 0 {0:n}NAME:0;{0:M}NAME-1 .EQN 0 11 178 0 {0:a}NAME:{0:floor}NAME(({0:M}NAME)/(2)) .EQN 0 13 250 0 {0:b}NAME:{0:floor}NAME(({0:N}NAME)/(2)) .EQN 3 -44 179 0 {0:a}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 0 9 251 0 {0:b}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 3 -24 274 0 Cg a78.250000,85.625000,119 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {The }{1-D Discrete Fourier Transform computes an M-point}{ transfer function}{ from an M-point}{ impulse response}{:}} } .TXT 3 0 113 0 Cg a69.875000,86.375000,97 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {Suppose the desired Gaussian TF, given as an N-point spectrum vector centered on element b, is}} } .EQN 6 0 213 0 {0:\s}NAME:({0:N}NAME)/(12) .EQN 0 19 212 0 ({0:G}NAME)[({0:i}NAME):{0:exp}NAME(-(((({0:i}NAME-{0:b}NAME))^(2))/(2*{0:\s}NAME*{0:\s}NAME))) .EQN 0 30 288 0 {0:N}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 0 13 287 0 {0:b}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 6 -62 257 0 ({0:G}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 3 0 114 0 Cg a15.250000,86.375000,24 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {whose N-point FIR is:}} } .EQN 4 0 204 0 ({0:W}NAME)[({0:i}NAME,{0:k}NAME):(1)/(\({0:N}NAME))*{0:exp}NAME(-{0:j}NAME*2*{0:\p}NAME*({0:i}NAME-{0:b}NAME)*({0:k}NAME-{0:b}NAME)/({0:N}NAME)) .EQN 0 39 203 0 {0:g}NAME:\((1)/({0:N}NAME))*(({0:W}NAME)^(-1)*{0:G}NAME) .EQN 0 25 283 0 ((0,{0:N}NAME-1,{0:i}NAME,({0:g}NAME)[({0:i}NAME)){64})={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 6 -64 258 0 ({0:g}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 3 0 267 0 Cg a31.500000,89.375000,44 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {We set up an M-point TF by subsampling G:}} } .EQN 0 36 259 0 {0:F}NAME:(({1,7}ö.0ö.0ö.23ö1ö.23ö.0ö.0)){51} .TXT 3 -36 268 0 Cg a32.500000,89.375000,48 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {Then its M-point FIR centered on element a is}} } .EQN 1 68 290 0 {0:M}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 0 10 289 0 {0:a}NAME={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 4 -77 260 0 ({0:f}NAME)[({0:n}NAME):((1)/(\({0:M}NAME)))*((0,{0:M}NAME-1,{0:m}NAME,({0:F}NAME)[({0:m}NAME)*{0:exp}NAME({0:j}NAME*2*{0:\p}NAME*({0:n}NAME-{0:a}NAME)*({0:m}NAME-{0:a}NAME)/({0:M}NAME))){64}) .EQN 0 43 269 0 \((1)/({0:M}NAME))*({0:f}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 6 -44 30 0 Cg a57.625000,72.000000,88 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {We can}{ transform this back to an N-point spectrum, to see}{ the approximation TF}{:}} } .TXT 2 0 279 0 Cg a83.250000,86.375000,119 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {If an M-point function is centered on element a, and we want its N-point spectrum centered on element b, we can use:}} } .EQN 5 19 280 0 ({0:T}NAME)[({0:k}NAME,{0:m}NAME):(1)/(\({0:N}NAME))*{0:exp}NAME(-{0:j}NAME*2*{0:\p}NAME*({0:k}NAME-{0:b}NAME)*({0:m}NAME-{0:a}NAME)/({0:N}NAME)) .EQN 0 36 209 0 {0:F}NAME:\(({0:N}NAME)/({0:M}NAME))*{0:T}NAME*{0:f}NAME .EQN 0 12 285 0 \((1)/({0:M}NAME))*((0,{0:M}NAME-1,{0:m}NAME,({0:f}NAME)[({0:m}NAME)){64})={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 1 -67 281 0 {0:G}NAME:{0:T}NAME*{0:f}NAME .TXT 0 11 282 0 Cg a4.375000,27.375000,8 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {where}} } .EQN 5 -11 266 0 ({0:F}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 3 0 270 0 ({0:G}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .EQN 5 44 110 0 &-.2&(_n_u_l_l_&_n_u_l_l_)&({0:G}NAME)[({0:k}NAME),({0:F}NAME)[({0:k}NAME),0@({0:N}NAME)/(1)&&(_n_u_l_l_&_n_u_l_l_)&{0:k}NAME 0 0 1 0 14 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 6 5 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 3 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 4 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 5 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 0 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 1 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 2 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 3 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 4 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 5 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 2 6 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 3 0 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 4 1 0 NO-TRACE-STRING 0 1 34 24 0 3 .EQN 1 -43 133 0 (1)/(\({0:M}NAME))*({0:f}NAME){51}={0}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 10 0 211 0 Cg a26.500000,85.375000,39 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain {and the MSE of the approximation is:}} } .EQN 9 0 139 0 {0:RMSE}NAME:\((1)/({0:N}NAME)*((0,{0:N}NAME-1,{0:i}NAME,((({0:F}NAME)[({0:i}NAME)-({0:G}NAME)[({0:i}NAME)))^(2)){64})) .EQN 8 0 140 0 {0:RMSE}NAME={148583}?_n_u_l_l_ .TXT 6 59 286 0 Cg a9.375000,26.500000,13 {\rtf1\ansi \deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0\fnil Arial;} {\f1\fnil Courier;} } {\plain Figure 16-13} }