Article 5

All rights are reserved by Mr. Hess, but permission is given to copy and share these articles with others as long as proper attributions are given.

_______

5.

Was Anthony Munday the Publishing

Shepherd of the Shakespeare Enterprise?

(by W. Ron Hess

http://home.earthlink.net/~beornshall/index.html/)

This 6-page paper (with two attached Figures) is not meant to be easy to understand. It summarizes several parts from my trilogy, "The Dark Side of Shakespeare," and the details will be found there (chiefly Appendices F, P, and V). This cover page is meant to give a brief overview of a most complex subject.

The 17th Earl of Oxford's personal relationship with various printers and publishers (= Stationers) may not be quite as important in tracking down the "Shakespeare Enterprise" than was the relationship of his sometime Secretary, Anthony Munday. Munday was a Stationer himself, apprenticed to John Allde in 1576 for 8 years, alongside of Allde's son Edward Allde (later an important Shakespeare-related printer). John Allde has been shown in Robert Brazil's 2001 book to have been one of several Stationers favored by Oxford. Munday was also a Draper like his father, and also like his father he practiced a career as a Stationer. Yet, Munday's apprenticeship was interrupted by periods of extraordinary service to Oxford. In 1577-78 Oxford sent Munday to Italy to spy on various English expatriate centers, such as Milan, Naples, and Rome, that Oxford had himself visited a bit more than a year earlier. Apparently Oxford even paid for Munday to have expensive tutors to prepare him for this assignment, for when Munday returned to London bearing espionage reports, almost immediately he prepared an elaborate collection of poetry, "Mirrour of Mutability," elaborately dedicated to Oxford (including several acrostic poems on Oxford's name and titles), and he also included a poem in French and English extolling that work supposedly written by Munday's language tutor. I've questioned while wandering across the face of Europe Munday really had the opportunity to prepare such a huge book, and suggest that Oxford's circle of poets may have prepared it for the apprentice while he was abroad. Revealingly, it was printed by Munday's "master," John Allde.

Subsequently, Munday dedicated many works to Oxford, including the novel "Zelauto," and worked closely with Oxford's other Secretary, John Lyly, whose two "Euphues" novels set the style of "euphusism" that Oxford's group of poets followed. But Munday kept a close relationship with his "master" Allde as well. About 1586 Munday went into "deep cover" again and became a servant of Oxford's great enemy, the Earl of Leicester. That switch earned Munday a post as "Messenger in Her Majesty's Chamber" and later he was Secretary to the Archbishop of Canterbury, when he was active in the "anti-Martinist" group that included Oxford's other servants in countering the Puritan "Martinist" pirate pamphlets. Yet, in 1588, Munday dedicated several "Romance epic" works to Oxford. In January of 1587/8 Munday's dedication said that if Oxford liked "Palmerin d' Oliva" Part 1, Munday had "another part" hot on the presses. But, Part 2 of "Palmerin" didn't get published until more than a year later. Instead, within a few weeks of Part 1, a different work appeared derived from the same source (i.e., from Colet's French translation and embellishment of the "Florando de Inglatera" Spanish epics). Thus, in April 1588 Munday's translation of Colet's "L' Historie Palladienne" appeared as "Palladine of England." The sole extant copy bears no woodcuts and it was not dedicated to Oxford, but instead to Leicester's stepson, the 3rd Earl of Essex, who got the Garter that year.

The question is, did the "Palladine" 1st edition originally have an Oxford-revealing woodcut at its front? I propose that "presentation copies" of the work did include the woodcut shown in the Frontispiece to Vol. II of my trilogy, which identifies Oxford as "Palladine" (= "of the Spear-shaker"), and that they were dedicated to Oxford. But, after Oxford politely declined the dedication, I theorize that the identifying material was ripped out and the book re-dedicated to Essex, probably at Oxford's urging. Later we find Munday involved with many important "Shakespeare Publishers" (see attached table), and many Munday publishing projects suspiciously timed to be done by those publishers at the same time they executed major Shakespeare projects (see extract from Figure F.1). The evidence for all this is an important part of the story my trilogy tries to convey about the Publishing Industry, "the Shakespeare Enterprise," and Munday's role in it all.

******************************

Table -- Stationer Projects: Munday & Shakespeare

Active Munday Sh.-Attr. Items

# Stationer in Trade Works Good Bad Poetry

1. J. Roberts 1569-1615? 4 7 2 0

2. A. Munday 1577-1633? 5 1 2 1

3. E. White 1577-1612 4 3 0 0

4. J. Harrison II 1579-1617 1 0 0 10

5. R. Field 1579-1624 1 0 0 6

6. N. Ling 1580-1607 1 2 2 0

7. R. Braddock 1581-1613 4 1 2 2

8. E. Allde 1584-1628 7 2 0 1

9. V. Simmes 1585?-1622 1 7 5 0

10. J. Danter 1589-1599 2 1 1 0

11. T. Purfoot Jr. 1591-1640 2 2 0 0

12. A. Islip 1591-1640 2 0 0 1

13. C. Burby 1592-1607 3 2 2 0

14. W. Leake Sr. 1592-1633 5 0 0 7

15. T. Creede 1593-1617 3 7 7 0

16. W. Jaggard 1594-1623 6 40 6 2

17. J. Smethwick 1596-1640 1 80 6 0

18. W. Aspley 1598-1640 1 74 6 1

19. T. Pavier 1600-1625 1 4 8 0

20. T. Snodham 1603-1625 2 0 1 1

21. N. Butter 1605-1664 1 0 3 0

22. N. Oakes 1606-1639 2 1 1 1

23. R. Hawkins 1613-1636 1 37 6 0

24. R. Meighen 1615-1641 1 37 6 0

25. T. Cotes 1620-1641 1 37 6 4

26. R. Allot 1625-1635 2 36 6 0

27. P. Chetwin 1656-1674 2 73 10 0

Total for just Shakespeare ^^^579 items^^^

Table -- Totals for the 27 66 454 88 37

Averages (Totals / 27) 2.4 16.8 3.3 1.4

Totals Roberts-

Jaggard-Cotes 11 84 14 6

Averages R-J-C

(R-J-C / 3) 3.7 28.0 4.7 2.0

Roberts-Jaggard-Cotes each inherited earlier businesses in succession up to the 1623 1st folio and 1632 2nd folio. Allot participated in first 2 folios and his widow married Chetwin, who strangely waited 20 years to publish the 1664 3rd folio in the same year the 3rd(?) ed. of Munday's Palladine of England was published. Some 80+ Stationers were linked to Shakespeare works up to the 1685 4th folio, and in 4/5 of the collections or folios, one or more of Munday's plays were bundled together with Shakespeare's and attributed to the Bard (particularly 1 Sir John Oldcastle, attr. to Sh. in the 1619 Pavier Quartos & later). Munday was Allde's father's apprentice, but like other Stationers (Pavier, Chettle, Munday's own father, etc.) he was really a Draper. He was also from the early period when Stationers wrote much of their own publishing material.

********************************

Selections From Figure F.1 -- Epic Romance Context of

Oxford, Munday, & Sh.

Appen. V refers to Arber, Brazil, Chiljan, Eyre, Feather, Halliday,

Plomer, Wing, etc.

--------------------

Left Margin: ** = Shakespeare-relev.; oo = Oxford-relev.;

01-85 = Munday's sequence;

vv = relevant to knight-errant, heroic romance epics

(e.g., 1588 Palladine of Eng.).

********************************

01oo c. 1577-78 Hist. of Galien of France by Munday**, ded. to Oxford, not extant (mentioned in 1579 ded.).

vvoo 1578-79 J. Lyly's Euphues the Anatomy of Wyt (the 2nd novel in Eng. after Adven. of F.I. in Flowres), pr. T. East for G. Cawood; ded. to Ld. DelaWarre said "reared for a yr. by a nobleman" (as Lyly became Oxford's secry.). Same pr.-publ. eds. 1580-81-87 (1607 publ. W. Leake Sr.**). "Euphues" traced Oxford's travels.

03vvoo 1579 Mirrour of Mutabilitie, or Principall part of the Mirrour for Magistrates, poetry collect., ed. Munday**, ded. to Oxford (with 2 acrostic poems on Oxford's name, title, & motto; maybe other semi-hidden messages?), pr. J. Allde, sold R. Ballard. Note MFM subtitle: Ahern (272) used MFM. as example of authors in this era who printed their own works, & Printers who wrote what they printed.

04**oo 1580 Zelauto the Fountaine of Fame by (& publ.?) Munday**, was 4th/5th novel in Eng., pr. J. Charlewood; said to be a source for MOV. Ded. to Oxford said it was an "entertainment to Euphues"; showed clearly "Euphues" = Oxford as a knight-errant. Some Oxfordians think mostly written by Oxford.

13**vv 1584-5 Fidelio & Fortunio The Two Italian Gentlemen anon. play attrib. to Munday**, loosely transl. from Italian Luigi Pasqualigo (consid. a poss. source for MA), pr. J. Charlewood? (or Munday**?) for T. Hacket.

15 vvoo Jan 1, 1587/8 Palmerin d'Oliva, Pt. 1, transl. Munday**, ded. to Oxford, pr. J. Charlewood for W. Wright. Munday prom. Oxford a 2nd part "now on the press" (= of Colet series?). Yet, Munday's next was Palladine.

16 vvoo Apr 23, 1588 Palladine of Eng. 1st ed., transl. Munday**, ded. to Essex (Garter Kt. in 1588), pr. E. Allde** for J. Perrin. Text a close transl. of Colet. If it had a woodcut, not in the extant copy; on tp scribbled "1654" subtraction (Fig. F.7 # 1) may show the date of the 2nd ed. (with its woodcut).

18 vv Jan 1588/9 Amadis de Gaule, Pts. 1-4, ent. in S.R. by E. Allde** (only extant copy missing tp & ded. parts).

19vvoo Mar 9, 1588/9 Palmerin d'Oliva, Pt. 2, transl. Munday**, ded. to 17th Oxford; Munday mentioned keeping earlier promise. Not extant; info. was included in Letter to the Reader in the 1616 reprint (Chiljan-1994, 78).

21 vv 1589 Histoirie of Palmendos transl. Munday**, pr. J. Charlewood for S. Waterson.

22** 1590 John a Kent & John a Cumber MSS play "prompt-book" in hand of Munday**, "prob. written by 1589... some resem. to MND - Turnip and his crew of rustics resem. Bottom & his cronies, & Shrimp plays a part similar to Puck - it seems clear, from this revised dating, that Sh. borrowed from Munday** & not the other way around" (Halliday, 254-55 [but see Sect. B.5.2; what if MND orig. 1576-77, rev. later?]).

23vv 1590 1st Book of Amadis of Gaule, transl. (& publ.?) Munday** from N. de Herberay, pr. E. Allde**.

vvoo 1590 The Rare... Travels of Edw. Webbe, noted Oxford as a knight-errant in Palermo c. 1575. Three "apprent. quartos": 1) pr. R. Blower for T. Pavier**; 2) pr. A. Islip for W. Barley; 3) "newly enlarged & corrected" (pr. Munday**?) for W. Wright.

24vv 1592 Gerileon of England, Pt. 2, transl. Munday** from Bordelois, pr. T. Scarlet for C. Burby**.

25vv 1592 Arochaioplutos, or Riches of Elder Ages Munday** transl. from G. Thelin, pr. J. Charlewood for R. Smith (Oxford- & Sh.-related republ. 1619.); ded. to Gilbert Talbot, 7th E. of Shrewsbury. Munday** ded. to Reader said soon to publ. an ongoing transl. of Boiardo's Orlando Innamorato (he called it "Amoroso") that would have featured Eng. Paladin char. "Astolfo" had he finished it (not extant; see 1591 Orlando Furioso).

vvoo May 1, 1592 ent. S.R. Axiochus Greek transl. "Edw. Spenser" [but more likely Munday** or Lyly], annexed Oxford's Page's Speech (Oxford = "Knight of the Tree of the Sunne"); pr. J. Danter** for C. Burby**; this was Burby's 1st publ. project & introduced his provocative phoenix emblem (see Sect. I.3).

** Sep 3, 1592 Robt. Greene died (age c. 34), "prob. had some share in auth. of orig. H6 plays."

** Sep 20, 1592 Groatsworth of Wit, allegedly by Greene (among other porported "deathbed works" of R.G.), ed.-publ. H. Chettle. Orth. say Groatsw. had 1st-ever ref. to Sh. as "Shake-scene" (but refuted in Sect. O.3).

vvoo 1592-93 Strange News pamph. by Th. Nashe attacked G. Harvey, pr. J. Danter**, ded. to "verie friend Master Apis Lapis" with allus. to Oxford as "infinite Maecenas to learned men" who kept a "dudgeon dagger."

vvoo 1593 The Phoenix Nest ed. "R.S. of the Inner Temple" (= Robt. Sackville?), pr. J. Jackson (for Cawood? or Munday**?); anthology of poems supp. tribute to Sidney & Leicester; has several by "E.O." (an addit. Oxford poem argued for in Appen. L, Another Rare Dream) & 16 by Th. Lodge among other poets.

27vv 1595 Primaleon of Greece, Pt. 1, transl. Munday**, ded. pg. missing (1619 ed. ded. to Oxford's son with praise of Oxford's memory), pr. J. Danter** for C. Burby**.

28vv 1595 Amadis of Gaul, Pt. 2, transl. Munday**, pr. A. Islip, publ. C. Burby**. Munday used pseud. "L. P." = "Lazarus Piot." Ent. S.R. 1589 to E. Allde**, 1592 to J. Wolfe, & 1594 to A. Islip & William Moring.

29vv 1596 Primaleon of Greece, Pt. 2, transl. Munday**, pr. J. Danter** for C. Burby**.

30vv 1596 Palmerin of Eng., Pts. 1 &2, transl. (& publ.?) Munday**, pr. T. Creede**.

oo Sep 1597 letter of Burghley refs. to negot. of Earl & Countess of Pembroke for their son Wm. Herbert to wed Burghley's granddaughter, Bridget Vere (Oxford's daughter); instead 1599 she wed Fr. Norris, Ld. Rycote.

32vv 1597 reprint Palmerin d'Oliva Pts. 1&2, transl. (& publ.?) Munday**, pr. Th. Creede**; in only extant copy of this, Pt. 1 has lost title sect. & any woodcut it may have had; yet, at end of Pt. 1, there is now an ink horse sketch like the horse in Palladine 2nd ed. woodcut (see Fig. F.7 # 2; may be clue to what headed Pt. 1?).

35vv Jun 1598 Richard Cordelion's Funeral [= Richard I], play by Munday**, H. Chettle, & R. Wilson, Rose th.

vv 1598 Hist. of... Don Belleanis of Greece, anon. transl. (by Munday**?), pr. Creede**; next ed. 1650.

**oo Aug 1598 Wm. Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, died (age 76), guardian to teenage Oxford & his father-in-law. L. Treas. post taken 1599 by Th. Sackville, L. Buckhurst (poss. Oxford ally); Burghley's son Robert now Q. Eliz's chief min.; as Burghley neared death, previously anon. plays began to be attrib. to Sh. (coincidence?).

**oo Sep 7, 1598 reg. Palladis Tamia ed. F. Meres, pr. P. Short** for C. Burby**; noted Oxford as playwright, & 12 Sh. plays (TGV, COE, LLL, LL "wonne," MND, MOV, R2, R3, "Henry the 4," KJ, TA, & R&J).

**oo 1598 Parismus the Renouwned Prince of Bohemia by "E. Forde" (= E. oxenForde?), pr. T. Creede** for R. Olive; a poss. source for TN and arguably by Oxford (Brazil, 120).

** 1598 the 1st play publ. with Sh's name LLL "good" Q1 "newly corrected & augmented by W. Shakespere," pr. William White**, publ. C. Burby**, not reg. until 1607, tp said "presented before her Highnes this last Christmas"; poss. preceded by a "surreptitious Quarto" from which "newly corrected...".

37vv 1598 anon. Don Beleanis (transl. & publ. Munday**?), pr. T. Creede** (see 1650 & 64; Munday's forte?).

**vvoo Dec 1598 1st of 3 anon. Parnassus plays (Pilgrimage to Parn.) Xmas at Cambr. U. in MSS; had 5 refs. to "Mr. Shakspeare"; laid out a scenario similar to Oxford's travels to Greece.

38**oo 1598-1600 Hakluyt's Voyages 3 vol. folio, ded. to Oxford's br-in-law R. Cecil, pr. G. Bishop, R. Newbery, & R. Barker (for Munday**?); 1599 v. 2: Munday** story of 1577 J. Foxe's Turkish escape leading hundreds of Christian slaves; 1600 v. 3: H. May's tale of 1594 Bermuda sinking of Edw. Bonaventure (Oxford's? TEM?).

--- c. 1600 Stationers' Co. nearly split by revolt of Printers vs. Stationers & powerful copyowners. Bad already, piracies got worse as too many Journeymen Printers chaffed under the few Master Printers & copyholders.

** 1600 1 John Oldcastle Q1 by Munday** & others, pr. R. Bradock?, publ. anon. (Munday**?). Reported acted by LCM Mar. 6, 1600, but orth. claim this was 1 or 2H4 because Oldcastle an Adm.'s Men play.

41**oo 1600 Belvedere or the Garden of the Muses ed. Munday**, pr. F.K. for Hugh Astley, poetry collec. with nearly 40 contrib., incl. Oxford, Sh., & K. James VI. (Poss. a project of "Jacobeans," see Sect. E.3 above)?

42 1600 Englands Helicon pr.J. Roberts** for J. Flasket; 150 poems, incl. Munday**, Chettle, Dyer, Drayton, Lodge, & 25 other poets.

**oo 1600 Engs. Parnassus, ed. "R.A." (Robt. Allot?), (pr. Munday**?) for N. Ling**, C. Burby**, & Thomas Hayes**, had Oxford, Sh., & K. James among 60 poets ("Jacobeans?," Sect. E.8). Dubious attrib. to Allot (had scant bio.; Munday** likely used pseudonyms "M.A." & "Richard Munday," so why not also "R.A."?).

43 Jun 1600 Fair Constance of Rome Pt. 1, play by Munday**, Hathway, & others, Rose theater.

44 Sum 1600 Fair Constance of Rome Pt. 2, play by Munday**, Hathway, & others, Rose theater.

**oo 1600 Wisdome of Doctor Dodypoll anon. (by Munday**? or Oxford?), acted Children of Pauls, pr. T. Creede** for R. Olive; arguably "a very funny Oxford comedy" of Sh. quality (Brazil, 122).

45oo 1600 anon. Weakest goeth to the Wall, attr. to Munday**, "sundry times plaide by" Oxford's Men, pr. T. Creede** for R. Olive. Only play 4to with Oxford's name on tp (yet, quality too poor to attr. to Oxford).

**vvoo Feb 8, 1600/1 R2 with abdicat. scene acted by LCM in London streets for followers of E. of Essex in prelude to inept rebellion; it was "remarkable that they suffered nothing on account of the perf." (Chambers-1930 I, 65). Indeed, if Mr. Sh. was really the author, why was he not hunted down & hung? Oxford & Derby in commission trying & condemning Essex & Southampton to death (with the latter shortly commuted to life). Bacon was their enthusiastic prosecutor; K. James VI seemed to have later regarded Essex as his agent.

46vv 1601 Downfall of Robert, Earle of Huntington... Robin Hood, Munday** play rev. by H. Chettle, pr. Richard Bradock for William Leake Sr.**.

47vv 1601 Death of Robert, Earle of Huntington, by Munday** & Chettle, pr. R. Bradock for W. Leake Sr.**

48vv 1601 Strangest Adventure... of the King of Portugall Dom Sebastian, transl. from Teixeira attr. to Munday**, pr. R. Field** for F. Henson.

49 Aug-Nov 1601 Rising of Card. Wolsey, play by Munday**, Chettle, Drayton, & W. Smith, Fortune theater.

**vvoo Dec 1601 3rd of 3 anon. Parnassus plays (Return from Parn. Pt. 2.) Xmas at Cambr. U.; had 3 refs. to Sh., cited Sh. lines & LCM, & used Jonson, Burbage, & Kempe as chars.; plot sim. to Oxford's return from Greece, refl. "Poetomachia" war of theaters; this 3rd play reg. 1605, publ. 1606 R.fP. or Scourge of Simony.

50vv 1602 Palmerin of Eng., Pts. 1-3, transl. Munday**, pr. J. Roberts** for W. Leake Sr.**.

51 1602 True Knowl. of a Mans Owne Self, transl. Munday** of deMornay, pr. J. Roberts** for W. Leake Sr.**.

52**vv 1602 Caesar's Fall..., play by Munday**, Dekker, Drayton, T. Middleton, & J. Webster, Fortune theater.

53 May 1602 Jephthah, play by Munday** & Dekker, Fortune theater.

54vv Oct 29, 1602 in records Munday** devised his Pageant # 1 (not extant) for investiture of L. Mayor R. Lee.

55oo Dec 1602 The Set at Tennis, play by Munday**, Fortune theater (link to Oxford-Sidney tiff at tennis?).

** c. 1613 W. Jaggard** became perman. ill & went blind for his last decade, during which time he still was listed on tp's as prrinter (by his sons Isaac & John [& Munday**?]); many were Sh. &/or Munday** projects.

66vv 1615 Metropolis Coronata, Triumph of Ancient Drapery ded. to Draper L. Mayor Sir. J. Jolles, pr. G. Purslow, (publ. Munday**?). Pageant # 8 perf. Streets of London and on the Thames Oct 30, 1615 & celebr. Munday's Drapers Co. with theme of Jason & the Argonauts plus K. Richard I & "Earle Robin Hood" woken from the dead to blow his "Bugle" (= "Astolfo's" horn?) & waken his cronie "Scathlocke" (= blast + strike plate, as in flintlock); slyly points back "24 yrs. & a halfe" (to 1590 = yr. of Munday's John a Kent, Lodge's Rosalynde, Euphues Golden Legacie, Ed. Webbe's The Rare... Travels of, & Spenser's Fairie Q.?).

68vvoo 1616 Palmerin d'Oliva Pt. 2 repr., still showed 1589 ded. to 17th Oxford.

** Apr 1616 Mr. Shakspere died (age 52). A few wks. later publ. of B. Jonson's folio of his own plays (2 of which retroact. list "Wm. Sh." as an actor in their 1598 productions). Helped estab. the "Sh. myth."

69vvoo 1618 Amadis of Gaule Bks. 3 & 4, ded. to Oxford's son-in-law Philip Herbert, E. of Montgomery, transl. (& publ.?) Munday** from de Herberay, pr. Nicholas Okes**.

**vvoo c. 1619-23 Palladine of England 2nd ed. project began (?), it will hold woodcut link to 17th Oxford.

72** 1619 Collection of 10 "Pavier quartos," pr. W. Jaggard** (who claimed to be blind), publ. T. Pavier**, "mostly separate editions" previously in 4to, with 5 "false dates." Incl.: Munday** 1 John Oldcastle Q1 (1600, pr. R. Bradock**? [or Munday**?, for T.P. in 1619], falsely cred. to Sh. here).

**oo May 3, 1619 letter to Sta. Co. from L. Chamb. Wm. Herbert E. of Pembroke (brother of Oxford's son-in-law) ordered future reprints of Sh. plays only with King's Men's consent; the 1st stricture on printing Sh. plays.

73**oo 1619 Arxaio-Ploutos reviv. of 1592 ed., transl. (& publ.?) Munday**, pr. W. Jaggard**, ded. to Philip Herbert & wife Susan Vere Herbert & praised her father Oxford; used devices also used in 1623 F1.

77vv 1623 The Theater of Honour and Knight-Hood, Munday** "A.M." listed in pr.'s ded., but later copies replaced it with "W.I." for W. Jaggard**, father of F1's Isaac. W. J. had gone blind in 1613 was sickly and died in 1623, so Munday** himself was more likely to have been the actual pr.

78**vv 1623 Triumphs of the Golden Fleece ded. to Draper L. Mayor M. Lumley, pr. T Snodham (publ. Munday**?). Pageant # 11 a short perf. Oct 29, 1623 on the Thames River with Argonauts theme earlier used in 1615, & followed by T. Middleton's longer pageant Triumphs of Integrity. Each Argonaut wore golden armor "wreathed about with gilded Laurell" (see Appen. I's "Knight of the Tree of the Sunne") & bore "triumphal lances" (= Shaking spears!). Munday** surpassed even Middleton (who had 10 pageants) for number & grandeur of his pageants, garishly paraded through London at momentous investitures.

**oo [[Munday's 11 great pageants spanned from Oxford's last years until release of the 1623 F1.]]

**oo 1623 F1 of 36 Sh. plays (in printing since 1621); ded. to the 2 Herbert Earls, "the incomparable paire," the project likely started c. 1619 by their mother Mary Countess Pembroke. pr. Wm. & I. Jaggard**, publ. W. Aspley**, J. Smethwick**, & E. Blount**. Deds. by Jonson, Marston, "I.M." (= John Marston?), etc. Corrected many of the Sh. plays & had 18 never before publ. Wm. Jaggard** died a few days after pr. of a "presentation copy" of F1 listing him as pr. on tp (but, since he was ill & blind, prob. had little direct involvement with F1 project).

oo Dec 1623 just days after the F1 went on sale, the 18th Oxford was freed from the Tower.

79vv 1628 Munday** listed as pr. for The gunner shewing the whole practise of artillerie, but the pr.'s ded. was signed with a "T.p." as the two 1578 Th. Proctor works had been.

** Nov 1630 E. Blount (of 1623 F1) sold a list of 16 Sh. plays to R. Allot**.

** 1632 F2 of 36 Sh. plays, pr. T. Cotes** for R. Allot**, J. Smethwick**, W. Aspley**, R. Hawkins**, & Richard Meighen**; slight changes & new deds. by "I.M." (= John Milton?) & "I.M.S." (= John Marston?). On some copies Allot not listed as publ. (was this "Robert Allot" a nephew of the editor of the 1600 Parnassus, & could both men have been fronts for Munday** in these 1600 & 1632 projects?).

vvoo 1633 Anthony Munday** died (age 80); he left several unfinished projects (incl. Palladine eds. 2 & 3?).

vv Mar 10, 1633/4 Emblems Ancient & Moderne reg. by R. Allot** & others (partners for Munday** project?)

81vv 1635 Emblems Ancient & Mod. publ. R. Allot** with "A.M." [= Munday**] as pr. on some copies (this was one of Allot's last projects, since he died in 1635).

** 1635 Willoby his Avisa 6th ed. (its 1st ed. since 1609), pr. W. Stansby.

vvoo 1635 Sir Horace Vere, Baron of Tilbury, died (age 70), Oxford's youngest "Fighting Vere" cousin.

** c. 1636 widow of R. Allot** wed P. Chetwin**, who oddly waited 20 yrs. to begin Sh.-rel. bookseller's career.

vvoo Feb 21, 1652/3 S.R. listed John Marshall, then a suspic. blank entry (?= registr. of Palladine 2nd ed.?).

82vvoo c. 1653-54(?) undated Palladine of England, "2nd ed." on tp, no ded., some text variation from 1st ed., publ. "John Marshall," pr. "J.F." on tp, but "T.J." in Pr's ded. (= another Munday** pseudonym?). "Palladine" woodcut facing tp (see Fig. F.2 & Frontisp to Vol. II) links to Oxford (e.g., the boars-head mask). 1654 date supported by inked hand-written "subtraction" on extant copy tp of 1588 Palladine 1st ed. (see Fig. F.7 # 1).

** Nov 8, 1660 reconstituted K's Men (still = "Sh's Co."?) act at Vere Street Theater (a converted indoor tennis-court near Clare Market; recalling the famous Sep 1579 Oxford-Sidney tennis court dispute?).

** May 7, 1663 K's Men reloc. from Vere Street Theater to new Drury Lane Theater (Halliday, 513-14).

** 1663 F3 of Sh's 36 plays, publ.P. Chetwin** (2nd husb. of widow of R. Allot**); repr. of F2 "with some corrections & some new errors."

vv Jan 26, 1663/4 Alsop's widow sold Don Bellianis of Greece (see 1598, 1620, & 50) to Ch. Tyus.

vv June 7, 1664 Don Bellianis of Greece 2nd part (see Jan. 1663/4) publ. T. Johnson.

vv Aug 9, 1664 Hist. of Parismus co-publ. by T. Vere** & his partns.

83** 1664 F3 reissued by P. Chetwin** to incl. PER for first time in folio, along with 6 apocrypha added, incl. Sir John Oldcastle Ld. Cobham (partly by Munday**) & Trag. of Locrine (see c. 1586, 95 & 1605).

84vv 1664 Palladine of England, no ed. # [?= 3rd(?)]. No ded., French-style woodcut (see Fig. F.7 # 3). Text as in 2nd ed., pr. "T.J." (?), publ. A. Kembe & "Charls Tym" (= Ch. Tyus?). Had an advertisement for Kembe's list of 8 books & another about Munday** translating Amadis Pts. 7&8, so this 1664 project likely had been originally composited in 1624-32 period when Munday** was alive.

--- 1666 Great Fire of London destroyed St. Pauls, Stationers' Hall, and most of the Publishing precinct. Few copies of the 1663-64 Sh. F3 exist today, prob. because most copies burned in this fire.

85** 1685 F4 of Sh's 37 plays & the F3's 6 "spurious plays" publ. H. Herringman**, had "new mistakes of its own"; 1685 Herringman** sued by trustees of J. Bill grandson (co-publ. K.J. Bible & partn. of J. Norton**).

**oo 1688 Th. Bentley, son of R. Bentley**, sold at auction library of the 1st Burghley, Oxford's father-in-law.

And this is only a taste of how Munday's long life, and life-long activities interacted with Oxford and Shakespeare-relevant affairs. In the trilogy's Appens. F, P, and V are the details of Munday as a poet, playwright, publisher, printer, political hack, the champion writer of grand pageants, and the collaborator with many Shakespeare-related publishers and writers. How Munday's pattern helps to illuminate "the Shakespeare Enterprise" is the key to this topic.