Das Kochbuch des Meisters Eberhard
The Cookbook of Master Eberhard

<<R1>>
Zum ein salsenn von weichselnn zu machen.
Item wiltu machen ein gutte salsenn von weichselnn,
so thue die weichsell in einen hafen vnd
secz die auff ein glut vnd laß sie siedenn vnd
laß dann wider erkaltenn vnd streich sie durch ein
tuch vnd thue sie dann wider in den hafenn vnd
secz sie auff ein glut vnd laß sie wol sieden
vnd rurr sie, piß sie dick wirt, vnd thue dann
honig dar an vnd geribens prot vnd negellein vnd
gut gestu:ep vnd thue sie in ein feßlein. Sie
pleibt dir gut drew oder vier iar.

To make a sauce of tart cherries.
If you wish to make a good sauce of tart cherries, put the cherries into a pot and place it on the embers and let them boil. Then cool down again and pass them through a cloth, put it back into the pot, place it on the embers and let it boil well until it thickens. Then add honey and grated bread and cloves and good spice powder and put it into a small cask. It will stay good three or four years.

Redaction:

250 grammes of tart cherries (from a jar) or
- - 350 grammes of fresh tart cherries 50 grammes of honey
fine fresh breadcrumbs from two slices of wheat bread
ground cloves
ground cinnamon
ground ginger

Clean and stone the fresh cherries or strain the jarred ones (in that case, keep the juice). Place in a pot with some water (as little asyou can get away with) and boil until soft, then process (in a mortar, blender, food processing mill or through a coarse cloth). Return to the boil (add liguid if necessary - you want a fluid consistency at this point) and add honey (more with fresh cherries, less with jarred ones which are usually sweetened already) and spices to taste. Then add breadcrumbs, stir and remove from the fire once it thickens. Pour into a storage container or serving dish and let cool. The sauce will set into a semi-jelly.

Adventurous minds may vary this sauce with other spices as the exact seasoning was left unspecified. Cassia buds and galingale worked for me, but (non-period) pimento, grains of paradise or even plain pepper will harmonise, too.

<<R2>>
Ein gutte salsen zu machen in der fastenn.
Item nym merrich vnd zustoß den in einem mo:erserr
vnd nym mandelkernn oder nuß vnd zustoß die auch
vnd geuß ein wein dar an. Merrich bricht den
stein garr serr, wenn man in isset in der kost.

To make a good sauce for Lent.
Take horseradish and pound it in a mortar and take almonds or nuts and pound those, too, and pour some wine to it. Horseradish breaks the stone very well if it is eaten with your diet.

Redaction:

300 grammes blanched ground almonds
1 horseradish
1/2 bottle red wine

Clean, peel and process the radish. Add the almonds and enough wine to make a liquid paste. (Note: this is 'very period' and only recommended for hardcore horseradish fans)

<<R3>>
Item ein andre salsenn.
Saluia, petrocilinus, menta vnd pfefferr, das soll
man zustossen mit essig, das ist ein salsen, die
macht lustig zu essenn.

Another sauce
Sage, parsley, mint and pepper, that is to be pounded with vinegar, this is a sauce that gives you a good appetite.

[Anahita notes: this is a variation on Green Sauce]

Redaction:

Dried sage, parsley, and (pepper)mint
Coarsely ground black pepper
White wine vinegar
(olive oil if desired)

Stir the herbs into the vinegar (be generous - the result should resemble a paste more than a modern 'Italian dressing'). Add pepper to taste. For a more modern flavor, mix two parts vinegar with one part olive oil (when we served that for feast, we had to fight to get most of it out of the kitchen - everybody kept dipping bread morsels).

<<R4>>
Item ein essenn von gebratenn arbeissenn.
Nym gesotenn arbeyß vnd slach sie durch ein tuch
oder durch ein sib vnd slach vil eyerr darzu,
als vil der arbeiß sein, vnd seud es in putternn
vnd steck es an einen spiß vnd brot sie
wol vnd beslach sie mit eyernn vnd mit kraut
vnd gib es hin. Versalcz es nit.

Item a meal of roasted peas
Take boiled peas and pass them through a cloth or through a sieve. Stir as much egg into it as there is peas and fry it in butter. Then place it on a spit and roast it well, cover it with egg and greens and serve it forth. Do not oversalt it.

<<R5>>
Ein holder muß zu machenn.
Nym holderplut vnd zureib die in küe milch vnd
nym mel vnd mach ein mus dar auß. Das ist gut
zu dem haupt vnd den synnenn.

To make elderflower /mus/

Take elderflowers and grind them in cow's milk and take flour and make a /mus/ from this. This is good for the head and the senses.

[Transl.: /mus/ may mean mousse, pudding or porridge]

<<R6>>
Ein gut mus zu machenn.
So nym nuß kernn vnd stoß die clein vnd streich
die durch mit einerr sussenn milch vnd mit
susser semell brosem, die wol gesotenn sein, vnd
thue schmalcz dar an genug vnd rurr es ab mit
eyer totternn vnd wurcz es wol vnd versalcz es
nit.

To make a good /mus/
Take nuts and pound them small and pass them through a cloth with sweet milk. Add crumbs of sweet /semell/ (fine white bread) that has been well boiled, add enough lard and stir in egg yolks. Spice it well and do not oversalt it.

Redaction:

200 grammes ground nuts (hazelnuts go well)
1/2 liter milk
1 sweet milk bun or piece of brioche
2-3 egg yolks
1-2 tblsp butter
sugar or honey
a pinch of saffron

Soak the bun in the milk until it comes apart easily and tear it into small pieces (or process it). Add the nuts and mix. Bring mixture to the boil briefly, then add the butter and sweeten to taste (carefully). Bring back to the boil, stir in egg yolks and saffron powder and pour into a serving bowl.

The sweetening is dictated by modern tastes, but sugar might well have been covered by 'spice it well'. Cinnamon, cloves, and aniseed also harmonise but I must admit I haven't dared use salt, pepper, mustardseed or their ilk. You may want to add a few tblsp rice flour with the bun and nuts to thicken the mix.

<<R7>>
Wiltu machen ein gebraten muß vonn vischenn.
So nym per visch, die peyß in essig vnd wurff
die in ein mandelmilch, die mit reyß sein wol
gemengt, vnd ein wenig schmalcz dar an, das
wellig sej. Versalcz es nit.

If you want to make a fried /mus/ out of fish.
Then take small (?) fish, marinade them in vinegar and throw them in almond milk well mixed with rice, and add a little molten lard. Do not oversalt it.

<<R8>>
Item ein essenn vonn einer lebernn eins kalbs.
Nym ein lebernn von einem kalb vnd hack sie clein
vnd würcz sie wol vnd nym dann einen hewrigenn
speck vnd weinperr vnd leg das necz furr dich
vnd bestreich es wol mit totternn vnd nym dann
die lebernn vnd slach ein necz dar v::berr vnd
verspeil das wol vnd leg sie auff ein rost vnd
laß sie pratenn vnd beslach sie halb mit totternn,
die rot sein, darnach an der andernn
seittenn mit grunen tottern vnd peterlein vnd
versalcz es nit.

A dish made from the liver of a calf.
Take the liver of a calf and chop it finely, and add fresh bacon and raisins. Place a net in front of you and slather it with egg yolk, then take the liver and fold the net over it and tie it together well. Place it on a griddle and let it roast, cover it half with egg yolks that are red, and afterwards (cover it) on the other side with green yolks and parsley, and do not oversalt it.

<<R9>>
Wiltu machen ein meyschen kuchenn.
So nym auff zehen eyer vnd zuslach sie wol vnd
nym darzu peterlein vnd rurr es vndereinander
vnd nym einen morserr vnd secz auff ein kolenn
vnd thue dar ein einen löffel vol schmalcz
vnd laß es heyß werdenn vnd geuß die eyerr darein
vnd laß es kul pachen vnd thu es also gancz
auff ein schussel. Versalcz es nit.

If you want to make a May cake.
Take ten eggs and beat them well. Add parsley and stir it in, then take a mortar and place it on the coals and put into it a spoonful of lard and let it get hot. Pour in the egg and let it bake at a gentle heat, then turn it out onto a bowl in one piece. Do not oversalt it.

Redaction:

10-12 eggs
1 small bunch fresh parseley (or 3 tsp dried)
1 tsp lard or butter
salt and pepper to taste

Place lard in a metal or ceramic bowl. Put into in an oven heated to c. 150É C (350ƒF) until the lard has melted and the bowl is hot. Meanwehile, beat the eggs with the parsley. When the bowl is ready, open the oven door and our the egg batter into the hot bowl quickly. Return to the oven immediately and bake 20-35 minutes (test doneness by inserting a stick or knifeblade). Remove from oven, cool on a wire rack for 10 minutes and turn out onto a plate. Serve sliced for breakfast.

This is also a good way of providing pseudo-scrambled eggs for more people than you have pans or time to make.

<<R10>>
Item wiltu machen ein essen in dem meyen, das heyßt ein gespöt.
So nym einen fliessendenn keß vnd schneid den
in vil schnittenn, die dünn sein, vnd nym darzu
sechs eyer vnd slach die auff den keß vnd nym
meichßige putternn in ein pfannen vnd thue den
keß mit den eyernn vber das fewrr vnd zeuch es
ey dar mit auff, das es slecht werr, vnd richte
es an vnd versalcz es nicht.

If you want to make a dish in May that is called /gespöt/
Take flowing cheese and cut it into many thin slices, and take six eggs and break them over the cheese. Melt May butter in a pan and place the cheese with the eggs over the fire and cook it gently so that it is smooth, and serve it forth and do not oversalt it.

<<R11>>
Item einen fladenn zu machenn von fischenn,
welcherlej sie sind.
So nym ein dicke mandelmilch wol gemengt mit
reiß mel vnd thue dar ein einen apffel oderr
zwenn vnd ein wenig wurcz vnd seud es in einem
ofen vnd laß es pachenn vnd versalcz es nit.

To make a flan of fish, whatever kind
Take thick almond milk well mixed with rice flour and add to it an apple or two and a little spice. Place it in an oven and let it bake, and do not oversalt it.

<<R12>>
Wiltu machen morchen vmb weihennachtenn.
So nym ein teick auß weissem brot vnd auß ein
wenig melbs vnd schla eyer dar an vnd mach
zwen knebel vnd wurff die in den teick vnd
zeuch sie darInnen vmb vnd leg sie in ein
schmalcz, das nit zu heyß sej, vnd wenn es
ein wenig gepack, so nym es her wider auß vnd
schneyd es dann mitten auff dem knebel auff von
einander vnd full es dann mit ein geruntenn
eyernn vnd zeuch es durch einen linden straubenn
teick, leg es in ein schmalcz vnd laß es
pachenn vnd secz die morchen dar ein vnd laß
sie pachenn.

If you want to make mushrooms around Christmas
Take a batter made from white bread and a little flour and break eggs into it and tie two large knots and throw them into the batter and move them around in it and put them into lard that is not too hot. When they are baked a little, take them out again and cut it open across the middle of the knot and fill it with hard-boiled eggs and dip it into a mild batter, place it in lard and bake it, then put the mushrooms in there and let them bake.

<<R13>>
Wiltu machen ein gestrocztes gepachens.
So mach ein teyck von eytell eyernn vnd wurcz
in wol vnd mach in gel vnd warmm duczent gutter
helmm in den teick, das sie naß werdenn,
vnd nym sie dann her auß vnd pack es in einem
schmalcz vnd versalcz nit.

If you want to make /gestrocztes/ fritters
Make a batter of plenty of eggs and season it well, and color it yellow. Throw a dozen good /helmm/ (mushroom caps?) into the batter, so that they are wet (covered in it), and then take them out and bake them in lard, and do not oversalt it.

<<R14>>
Wiltu machen gut kuchenn vonn eyerrn.
So nym eyer, wie vil du wilt, vnd zu slach die
wol vnd schneid semel funf lot dar vnter vnd
thue dar ein weinperr vnd schmalcz in ein pfannen,
des genug sej, vnd geuß die eyer dar ein
vnd laß es packenn ynnenn vnd aussenn. Do mit
slach es auff ein panck vnd hack dar vnter gut
wurcz vnd schneid es zu scheubenn vnd richt es an.

If you want to make a good cake out of eggs.
Take eggs, as many as you want, beat them well and cut into it five /lot/ [a unit of weight differing widely by region] of fine white bread. Put raisins into the batter. Heat lard in a pan, so that it is enough, and pour the egg into that and let it bake inside and out. With that lay it on a board and chop some spices onto it, cut it into slices and serve it.

Redaction:

2-3 eggs
4-6 slices fresh white bread or toast
2-3 tblsp raisins or currants
butter
sugar, cinnamon and orther spices to taste

Beat the eggs. Remove the crust from the bread and grind or process it into fine breadcrumbs. Stir into the egg batter until it is thick. Add the raisins. Pour the batter into a hot buttered pan and fry until done (do not stir). Turn the thick flan out onto a plate or board and sprinkle it with sugar and spices to taste while hot. Serve sliced.

<<R15>>
Item ein essenn von milch kuchenn.
So soltu sie clein schneyden.

A dish out of milk cake.
You should cut them up small

<<R16>>
...hafen vnd geuß ein wasserr dar an vnd deck es
zu vnd laß siedenn, so wirt es sich strecken
in dem glaß, das man sicht sein fuß vnd flugel
vnd den gannczen pöttich. So ist es
gerecht.

...pot and pour water to it and cover it and let it boil, so it will stretch inside the glass jar, so that you can see its foot and wing and the whole body. That way it is well done.

<<R17>>
Wiltu machenn dreyerlej essens an einem visch.
So nym ein hecht vnd slach vmb das mittel teyl
ein naß tuch vnd leg in auff ein rost vnd salcz
in vnd laß in pratenn vnd das foderr teil bespreng
mit melb vnd begeuß mit schmalcz, das
heyß sej, vnd das tuch begeuß mit heissem
wein, vnd das hinder teyl prett sich selbs
auff dem rost.

If you want to make three dishes out of one fish.
Take a pike and wrap a wet cloth around its middle part and lay it on a griddle. Salt it and and let it roast, and the front part you must dust with flour and pour molten lard over. Pour hot wine over the cloth. The hind part roasts by itself on the griddle.

<<R18>>
Item vt scito coquantur carnes.
Recipe aliquas pecias de vino et pone in ollam
ad carnes crudas es sic coquantur.

[Anahita notes: Recipe is in Latin]

How meat is cooked properly (or: knowledgeably)
Take several /pecia/ of wine and put them into a pot to the raw meat and thus it is cooked.

<<R19>>
Item ad extrahendum sal de cibo nimis salsato.
Recipe de farina frumenti in vna pecia lini panni
et dimitte bulire intus.

[Anahita notes: Recipe is in Latin]

How to extract salt from food that is salted too much.
Put wheat flour into a vessel through a linen cloth and put the food into it /bulire/ (while boiling?).

<<R20>>
Item ad appetitum comedendi valet illa salsa
facta cum aleo.
Et appone piper ad triginta grana et hoc simul
tunde, et jeiunus per duos dies comede. Etiam
appone de saluia tria folia cum sale modicto.
Vel accipe aleum cum bibenella et fac succum.

[Anahita notes: Recipe is in Latin]

This sauce made with garlic aids the appetite for food
Take up to thirty grains of pepper and crush it, and leave it with /jeiunus/ (juniper?) for three days. Also take three leaves of sage and a moderate measure of salt, add garlic and pimpernel and make juice (of it).

[Transl.: it is not quite clear whether this is one recipe or two]

<<R21>>
Item wiltu swarcz fisch machenn.
So laß die visch siedenn an die stat vnd nym
dann gestossenn negellein vnd thue die dar an
vnd laß sie dann noch ein guttenn wal thun.

If you want to make black fish.
Let the fish boil till they are done, then take ground cloves and add them to it and boil it up once again.

<<R22>>
Item vonn hechtenn wirt garr scho:enns vnd lawters
gestanndenn, also das es durchsichtig wirt.

Pikes make good and pure jelly that becomes transparent.

<<R23>>
Wiltu einen gutten stockfisch machenn.
So laß in siedenn als ein kalb fleisch vnd laß
in ein siedenn auff halben wogk vnd seig dann
die brue dar vonn vnd schu:et den stockvisch herauß
vnd erclaub in wol vnd nym dann ein pfannen
vnd thue smalcz dar ein vnd laß es warmm werdenn
vnd leg dann den stockvisch in die putternn
vnd laß sie dar ynnen erhiczenn vnd nym
dann ingwerr vnd saffran mit des visch bru:e vnd
ferb das do mit ein vnd geuß es v:eber den stockvisch
in die pfannen vnd laß es ein wal oder
drej thun. So ist er gerecht.

If you want to make good stockfish.
Let it boil as long as veal and let it boil at a simmer. Pour off the broth and take out the fish and pick it apart well. Then take a pan and put lard in it, let it warm up, then place the stockfish into the butter and let it heat up in there. Take ginger and saffron and the broth of the fish and color it with that, pour it over the stockfish into the pan and let it boil up once or three times. That way it is well done.

Redaction:

250 grammes salt cod
saffron, pepper, ginger, and salt
rice flour or breadcrumbs
butter or lard

Soak the salt cod (the less desirable tail-end cuts do well in this recipe) in freshwater until it is soft and well desalinated, regularly changing the water. (There are as many methods of soaking cod as there are cooks. I let mine stand in a bowl in the fridge for 36 hours). Place it in vigorously boiling water (this need not be salt water - the fish is often salty enough) and boil until white and flaky (no more than 2-5 minutes). Take out the fish with a strainer, let it cool, then pick out all the bones (it is important that this is done carefully. Do not be afraid of breaking up the flakes - it all falls apart anyway).

While the fish cools, take about half the broth (about 200 cc per person) and bring it to the boil again. Add saffron (a pinch per portion) and ground ginger (about 1/4 tsp per portion). Taste - you may need extra salt. White pepper adapts the dish to more modern tastes. You may want to thicken the sauce (I used rice flour and breadcrumbs on various occasions). Now heat butter or lard in a pan and drop in the cod bits. Fry briefly, then add the sauce and let it boil in the pan for a minute or two.

The resulting dish has an attractive gold color that must have appealed to contemporaries and answers the charge made by some that there is no period light summer cuisine. It can be served on rice or, as a breakfast or lunch dish, with French bread. For modern tastes it is a bit uniform but can be easily livened up with some vegetables (I added raisins to the sauce, which is at least peri-oid and surprisingly good).

<<R24>>
Item hienach volgt, wie man ein ganß pratenn soll.
So laß sie vor zwenn oder drej tag wol hungernn,
das die bösen predenn, die in ir sein,
her auß genn, vnd soll sie dann nernn mit kornn,
vnd darnach tötte sie vnd prate sie pej dem fewerr.
Vnd du solt dar ein stossen saluia vnd ander
gut wu:ercz, das der safft dar durch gee, vnd
man soll sie besprengenn mit wein oder mit essigk,
das das schmalcz do vonn
trieff. Wann das genß schmalcz soll man nit essenn,
wann es macht den menschen krannck, wann
die feistenn kumbt von böser feuchtigkeit. Vnd
wer gesund ist, der soll die gans also gebratenn
essenn, so schadt sie dester mynderr. Wer aber
krannck ist, der soll wenig do von essenn. Wenn
man sie kocht vnd seudt in wasser, so ist sie
vngesund, wann dann so mügenn die bösen preden
nit herauß genn von verhinderung wegen des
wassers.

Here follows how to cook a goose.
Let it starve for two or three days so that the bad /preden/ that are within it go out. Then it should be fed on grain. Kill it and roast it by the fire. You shall stuff it with sage and other good spices, so that the juices go through it, and it should be sprinkled with wine or with vinegar, so that the fat drips away. Goose fat should not be eaten as it makes people sick, because the fatness (of the goose) comes from bad moisture. Those who are healthy should eat goose roasted this way, so it does less damage. Those who are ill should eat little of it. If you cook it by boiling in water, it is unhealthy, because then the bad /preden/ can not go out of it, being prevented by the water.

<<R25>>
Item reyß kelt vnd hiczigt nit vnd speist serr,
vnd wenn mans wol seudt mit milch, so macht es
vil plutz, vnd doch so schadt es den lewten,
die den grymmenn in dem leib habenn, vnd stupfft
vnd wirt nit schier verdewt.

Rice neither chills nor heats and nourishes well, and if you boil it well in milk, it makes much blood, but it is harmful to people that have grumbling in the body, and it constipates and is not digested well.

<<R26>>
Hirß zu essenn kelt vnd derrt vnd stopffet vnd
speist nit wol, vnd das selb thut auch der habernn
vnd spelt.

Eating millet chills and dries the body and constipates and does not nourish well, and oats and spelt do the same

<<R27>>
Gerstenn blewet vnd keltet vnd speist nit wol
vnd schadt allen den lewtenn, die geprestenn
habenn, vnd von kalter natur kumbt oder das
grymmenn in dem leib hat. Aber hiczigenn lewtenn
vnd die do gern cleiner wurdenn, den ist
sie gut. Vnd wenn man sie isset oderr trincket
mit venchel samenn, so ist sie gut furr etlichenn
gebresten an der brust, vnd spricht Auicenna,
das gerstenn wasserr schadet dem magen,
der do kalt ist. Es ist auch rittigenn lewtenn
garr nu:ecz.

Barley causes wind and chills and does not nourish well and does harm to all people with illnesses coming from a cold nature, or who have grumbling in the body. But to people of a hot nature, or those who would like to be smaller (lose weight?), it is good. And if it is eaten or drunk with fennel seed it is good against all kinds of diseases of the chest, and Avicenna says that barley water damages the stomach, as it is cold. It is also good for feverish people.

<<R28>>
Linßenn sein bescheidenlich heyß vnd derren vnd
machenn vil plutz. Vnd so man sie seudt mit essig,
so erleschenn sie die enzu:endung des plutz. Vnd
wer sie dick isset, dem machen sie vinsterr
awgenn, do vonn sie vast derrent. Auicenna
spricht, das sie schadenn dem magenn vnd blewend
vnd stopffend.

Lentils are moderately hot and dry out and make much blood. If they are boiled with vinegar, they extinguish the inflammation of the blood. Those who eat much of them get dark eyes because they dry out the body so much. Avicenna says that they damage the stomach and cause gas and constipate.

<<R29>>
Die kichernn hiczenn vnd plewend vnd machenn
prunczen vnd machenn den frawenn ire recht zu
vier wochenn einß komenn, als es sein soll. Vnd
spricht Auerrois, das sie prechenn den stein,
der do leyt in den lendenn oder der do leit in
der blosenn, vnd auch die brüe, mit der sie gesotenn
werdenn. Vnd darczu sein die swarczen kichernn
pesserr dann die weissenn. Vnd Galienus
spricht, das bru von kichernn, so man sie seudt,
die ist der lebernn gut, wann es reinigt sie vnd
die nyren, do der stein wechst, den schleim vnd
treibt vil vnflatz vonn dem menschenn.

Chickpeas heat up and cause gas and make much piss and make the women's right come up once every four weeks, as it should be. And Averroes says they break the stone that lies in the loins or in the bladder, and so does the broth that they are boiled in. And the black chickpeas are better for this than the white ones. And Galen says that the broth of chickpeas, if they are boiled, is good for the liver, as it cleans it and the kidneys in which the stone grows of phlegm and drives much uncleanness out of the body.

<<R30>>
Arbeißen brüe hat die selben krafft, aber nit
als krefftigklichenn, do vonn so man kichernn
nit hat, so seudt man arbeiß. Kichernn oder arbeiß,
die grun sein, so soll man nit essenn,
wann sie machenn dem menschenn bo:ese feuchtigkeit.
(xxx)

Pea broth has the same power, but not as strongly, and when you have no chickpeas, boil peas. Chickpeas and peas that are green should not be eaten, as they cause bad moisture in people.

<<R31>>
Ponn bleen vnd machenn we in dem leib vnd den
swindel in dem haubt. Vnd spricht Rasis, der vil
vnd dick isset die pon, die werdenn irre in
irenn synnen vnd etwenn vnsinig vnd erseufczenn
garr tieff vnd wenenn, das in etwas preste oderr
vnrecht sej, vnd verirren die lewt in irenn synnen
vnd in irer consciencz. Etwenn wissen die selben
lewt nit, warvmb sie allso tieff erseuffczenn.
Galienus spricht, das ponn gut plut machenn, do
von so mu:egen sie starck lewt wol essenn, aber
man sol sie wol siedenn. Oder werr sie isset mit
essig, so sie wol gesotenn sein, oder sie rohe
isset, dem machenn sie böse feuchtigkeit in dem
magenn vnd in den dermen vnd bleen, vnd do von
kumbt grosser sichtag.

Beans cause gas and pain in the body and make dizzy in the head. Rhazes says that those who eat much beans become confused in their senses and eventually go crazy and sigh deeply and think that something presses on them or is wrong, and they confuse people in their senses and consciousness. Then people themselves do not know why they sigh. Galen says that beans make good blood and strong people should eat them freely, but they should be boiled well. To those who eat them with vinegar, when they are boiled well, or those who eat them raw, they cause bad moisture in the stomach and the guts and cause gas, from which comes great illness.

<<R32>>
Rubenn, spricht Auerrois, hiczigenn vnd machenn
feuchte vnd machen winde in dem leib vnd vnkeusch
vnd schön awgenn.

Turnips, says Averroes, heat up the body and cause moisture and gas in the body and unchastity, and pretty eyes.

<<R33>>
Czwiffel sind heyß in dem vierdenn grad vnd
feucht in dem dritten grad vnd machenn vnkeusch
vnd thund we in dem haubt. Vnd so man sie roch
isset, so machenn sie böse feuchtigkeit vnd bringenn
grossen durst dem menschenn.

Onions are hot in the fourth degree and moist in the third and cause unchastity and headaches. To those who eat them raw they cause bad moisture and great thirst.

<<R34>>
Knoblauch ist heyß vnd truckenn auff dem mittel
des vierden grads vnd habenn die eigenschafft
als zwifel vnd dar zu vertreibt er die wind oder
das bleen in dem leib vnd sein schad, wenn man
sie isset, wann sie bringenn grosse hicz vnd böse
feuchtigkeit vnd richenn auff in das haubt.
Doch schadt knoblauch in den kaltenn lanndenn mynnder,
vnd so die zeit kalt ist, dann in dem summerr
oder heissenn landen, als dann spricht der meysterr
Rasis.

Garlic is hot and dry in the middle of the fourth degree and have the properties of the onion, and in addition it drives out gas and pressure in the body, and its damage, when it is eaten, is that it brings great heat and bad moisture and its vapors rise up into the head. But garlic does less harm in cold countries and cold seasons than in the summer, or in hot countries, according to Master Rhazes.

<<R35>>
Als kraut macht boß plut, das ist melancolei vnd
traurigkeit vnd boß gedennckenn vnd trawm an lattich
vnd ochsen zungenn.

All greens make bad blood, that is melancholy and sadness and bad thoughts and dreams except for lettuce and oxtongue [a plant type]

<<R36>>
Lattich kelt, vnd der in gesotten isset, dem
macht sie pesser plut dann ander kraut vnd
macht schloffenn, wie man in isset roch oder gesotenn,
vnd ist gut, dem die sonne we hat gemacht
in seinem haubt oder die enczinndet magenn
habenn. Vnd wer sie isset mit essig, den macht
sie hungrig vnd lustig nach der speyß. Sie ist
auch hiczig vnd derret vnd schadt dem haubt, dem
gesicht vnd dem magenn vnd macht vil böser trawm.
Man sol sie siedennmit czweyenn wassernn, so
schadend sie dester mynder, also schreibt
Avicenna.

Lettuce chills, and to those who eat it boiled it makes better blood than other greens, and it causes sleep, whether eaten raw or boiled, and is good for people who have been hurt in the head by the sun or who have an inflamed stomach. Those who eat it with vinegar are made hungry and desire food. It is also hot and dries and damages the head, the sight and the stomach and causes bad dreams. It should be boiled in two waters to make it cause less damage, writes Avicenna.

<<R37>>
Ko:elkraut ist hiczig vnd derret vnd macht wol
singenn. Das safft, das von im kumbt, ist gut
gedruncken grunckenn lewtenn vnd macht bo:es
plut, vnd spricht Rasis, das sie macht schwerr
pöß trawm. Es macht zu stul gen vnd erweicht
die prust vnd die kelenn, vnd gepewtet Orbasius
den menschen, die das gesu:echt in den
lendenn habenn, auch an hendenn vnd an fussenn,
das sie sullen köl essenn.

Cabbage is hot and dries out the body and makes people sing well. The juice coming from it is good to drink for sick people and makes bad blood, and Rhazes says it causes many bad dreams. It causes bowel movements and softens the chest and the throat, and Orbasius orders people who have a disease [the dropsy?] in the loins or hands and feet to eat cabbage.

<<R38>>
Mangolt vnd mölt sein der eygenschafft, das
sie den leip weichen vnd zu stul machenn genn
vnd speisen wol vnd sein gut furr die gel sucht
vnd ist gut den lewtenn, die enczundt lebernn
haben. Vnd besunder mölt kelt vnd macht feuchtigkeit.
Aber mangolt ist pesserr vnd bringt
nit alsouil feuchtigkeit in dem menschen. Mangolt
pleter ziehenn serr auff die wundenn
gelegt.

Chard and orrache ('Spanish spinach') have the property of softening the body and cause bowel movements. They nourish well and are good against jaundice and for people who have inflamed livers. Especially arroche chills and causes moisture. Chard is better and does not cause as much moisture in the body. Chard leaves placed on wounds draw out pus strongly.

<<R39>>
Benet ist gut vnd nu:ecz der kelenn, der lungenn,
dem magen vnd auch der lebernn vnd
macht bescheydenlich zu stul genn vnd ist
garr ein gut vnd gesund speyß.

/Benet/ (pears ?) is good and helps the throat and lungs and the stomach and also the liver and causes bowel movement moderately. It is a good and healthy food.

<<R40>>
Mandel kernn, die do su:eß sein, die sein bescheydenlich
hiczig vnd bringenn bescheydenlich
feuchtigkeit von dem menschenn. Vnd
spricht Auerrois, das sie machen wachßenn das
hirnn vnd sußlich schlaffenn. Do von sein
sie nu:ecz den menschen, die do serr studirnn
oder wachenn vnd durr sein wordenn zu sere. Man
soll sie schelen vnd mit weißemm prot essenn,
so man sust nit mer essenn wil. Vnd wer zucker
dar zu isset an brot, das ist noch pesserr, wan
so machenn sie vil plutes, das gut ist. Rasis
spricht, das sie salbenn die kelenn vnd machenn
sie glat vnd sein gut den lewtenn, die schneydet
das wasserr von hicz. Sie machenn den menschen
wol prunczen, vnd das selb thut auch mandelmilch,
doch werdenn sie kawm verdewet. Auerrois
spricht, das mandel garr rein vnd sauber
macht die weg vnd die gelider, do das wasserr
auß von dem menschenn get, vnd sein gar nu:ecz
magernn lewtenn. Vnd das öl, das do von kumbt,
ist gut furr den krampff. Vnd der den ruckgrat
do mit salbet, den behüt es vnder weilen, das
er an im in seinem alter nit krump wirt.

Almonds which are sweet are gently hot and gently drive out the moisture from the body. Averroes says that they cause the brain to grow and people to sleep sweetly. Therefore they are of use to people who study hard or are awake often and have become too thin. They should be shelled and eaten with white bread by people who do not want to eat anything else. If you eat sugar with them that is even better, because they make much blood, which is good. Rhazes says that the salve the throat and make it smooth and are good for people who suffer pains when passing water because of a hot disposition [?]. They make people piss well, and almond milk causes the same, but they are hardly digested. Averroes says that almonds clean and purify the paths and members through which water passes from the body and are useful to thin people. And the oil that comes from them is good against cramps. And those who anoint their backbone with it it will protect in time from becoming bent in old age.

<<R41>>
Granat o:epffel, nüchternn gessenn, die leschen
den durst vnd vertreyben vber gele vnd machent
den menschenn hungernn. Rasis spricht, das sie
vertreyben den ritenn vnd machenn den die speyß
zu dem mund auß fert, das im die speyß beleibt,
vnd kelt die lebernn. Auerrois spricht, welche
zeit man ißt, das sie dann die speiß nit lassenn
verderben in dem magenn. Vnd der sie zu hinderst
ißt, so lassen sie die andernn speyß nicht auf
richenn in das haubt.

Grenadines [pomegranates], eaten on an empty stomach, slake the thirst and drive away excess gall and cause hunger in people. Rhazes says that they drive out the fever and cause those, who have their food coming (back) out of their mouths, to keep it down, and chill the liver. Averroes says that, when eaten at mealtimes, they do not let food spoil in the stomach. If they are eaten last they do not let the vapors of the other food rise up into the head.

<<R42>>
Nuße hiczenn vnd derren vnd werden kawm verdewt.
Sie schadenn dem magen vnd machenn die speyß zu
dem mund auß faren vnd zu stul genn. Aber die
grunen, die schadenn mynder. Werr ir zu vil isset,
den slecht das parliß oder der slack an
der zungenn, wann sie machen ein swere zungen,
Auicenna spricht, sie schaden nicht, so es garr
kalt in dem winter ist. Auerrois spricht, meßlich
gessenn schadenn allen lewtenn, die do
hiczig sücht oder gebresten furchten musen
oder offt gewynnen. Wer sie mit feigenn ißt, so
sein sie gut furr vergiffte lüfte vnd furr alle gifft.

Nuts heat and dry the body and are hardly digested. The damage the stomach and cause food to be thrown up (lit: out at the mouth) and bowel movements. But the green ones are less harmful. Those who eat too many of them are struck by paralysis [palsy?] or the stroke to the tongue, as they make a heavy tongue. Avicenna says that they are not harmful when it is a cold winter. Averroes says that, eaten in measure, they cause harm to all people who need to fear hot diseases or often get them. Eaten with figs, they are good against poisonous air and all kinds of poison.

[Anahita sez: Nuts can mean nuts in general, or walnuts specifically]

<<R43>>
Haselnuß machenn das hirnn wachßenn vnd thun dem
haubt we. Ipocras spricht vnd Auicenna, wenn sie
gebratenn sein, so sein sie gut furr den hustenn
vnd machen serr auß werffenn. Haßelnuß pleen
in dem leib vnd machenwinde in dem gederm vnd
werden kawm verdewt dann recht nuß. Doch speysen
sie wol.

Hazelnuts make the brain grow and the head hurt. Hippocrates and Avicenna say that, when fried, they good against the cough and cause phlegm to be driven out. Hazelnuts cause gas in the body and wind in the intestine and are less well digested than true nuts (walnuts). But they nourish well.

<<R44>>
Nespel machen veste in dem leib vnd vertreiben
v::ber gele. Man soll sie essenn hindenn nach, so
man sust nit merr essenn wil.

Medlar fruit harden the stomach and drive out excess gall. They should be eaten after the meal, when people do not want to eat any more.

<<R45>>
Kesten die thun auch gleich als die nespelnn.
Sie laßenn sie speiß nit auff in das haupt riechenn,
das thun auch pirnn vnd keß, so man sie
an der lecze hinden nach ißt.

Chestnuts do the same as medlar fruit. They also stop the vapors of the food from going up to the head. Pears and cheese also do this when eaten last.

<<R46>>
Maulperr die schadenn serr dem magenn vnd allermeyst
die, dy nit wol zeittig sein. Mann soll
sie essenn, ee das man anndre speyß nüczt, so
machenn sie zu stul genn vnd keltenn auch.

Mulberries do great harm to the stomach, most of all those that are not ripe. They should be eaten before using other food, so that they cause bowel movement and chill the body.

<<R47>>
Pflawmen sein zweyerlej, weiß vnd swarcz, vnd
sein ped der natur, das sie keltenn vnd feucht
machenn, so sie zeittig sind, vnd vertreiben
v::brige pöse hicz, die von hicziger vber gell
kummet, vnd machen zu stul genn. Aber sie krenckenn
ein wenig des magens müt, vnd die sein
weyß vnd sein peßerr dann die swarczen. Auicenna
spricht, so sie grosserr vnd veister
sind, so sie ye pesser sind. Man soll sie essen,
ee das man ander speiß ist vnd sunderlich,
so der mensch nit mag zu stul genn.

Plums are of two kinds, white and black, and both are of a nature that they chill the body and cause moisture, if they are ripe, and drive out leftover (?) bad heat that is caused by hot surplus gall and cause bowel movement. But they slightly sicken the disposition of the stomach, the white ones being better than the black. Avicenna says that the bigger and thicker they are, the better. They should be eaten before other food, especially if the person (in question) can not have bowel movements.

<<R48>>
Kirschen amerellen habenn auch die natur vnd wesen
als die pflawmen, vnd man soll die am erstenn essenn.

Sweet cherries also have the nature and properties of plums and should be eaten last.

<<R49>>
Pfirsing die kelten vnd machenn feucht, die pöß
vnd schedlich ist, doch bringt sie lust zu der
speyß. Vnd werr pfirsing nach ander speyß isset,
das verderbt die ersten speyß in dem magenn. Vnd
dar vmb wer sie wil essenn, der soll sie vor
anndernn speysen essenn, so sein sie nücz furr
den bösenn gesmack des munds, der do kumbt
von dem magen, vnd der rauch, der
von in kumbt, der sterckt das hercz. Vnd wer do
wasser preut auß den pfirsing pleternn, das to:et
die wurmm in den oren, so man es dar ein tropfft.
Wer vil vnd offt pfirsing isset, der wirt offt
ritig, doch sein sie nu:ecz den lewtenn, die serr
in dem magenn enczundet sein, die serr genn oder
serr arbeitten, so soll man sie nüchternn vnd
bescheidenlich essenn.

Peaches chill the body and cause moisture that is bad and harmful, but they raise an appetite for food. If you eat peaches after other food, that food will spoil in the stomach. Therefore if anyone wants to eat them, he should do so before other food, that way they are good against the bad taste in the mouth coming from the stomach and the vapors from them strengthen the heart. And if you squeeze the juice from peach leaves, that will kill the worm in the ears if you drip it in. He who often eats much peach will often become feverish, but they are good for people who have an inflammation in the stomach, who walk or work much. Those should eat them on an empty stomach, and moderately.

<<R50>>
Ku:ettenn stopfft merr dann die pirnn vnd sterckt
den magenn vnd macht lustigk zu essen. Wer sie
aber nach ander speyß isset, den machenn sie zu
stul gen, vnd der smack, der von in get, der
sterckt das hercz vnd ist gut furr allen geprestenn
des herczen. Vnd wenn man sie prett, spricht
Auicenna, so sein sie nuczerr den lewtenn vnd
der natur den, die dy speyß nit mügen behaltenn,
den sie oben auß fert vnd truncken lewtenn
vnd sterckenn den magenn, der vil böserr feuchtigkeit
in im hat, vnd macht den menschenn frölich.
Auicenna spricht, vnd der ein syroppel auß
dem safft macht vnd den trinckt, das bringt den
gelust wider zu essenn der speyß, ob er in miteinander
verloren het.

Quinces cause greater constipation than pears and strengthen the stomach and increase the appetite. Those who eat them after other food will will have bowel movements, and the vapor that comes from them strengthens the heart and is good against all diseases of the heart. If they are fried, says Avicenna, they are of more use to people of the nature that may not hold in their food but have it come out at the mouth (lit: at the top) and to drunk people, and (they) strengthen the stomach that has much bad moisture and make people happy. Avicenna says that he who makes a syrup of the juice and drinks it, that will bring him back the desire to eat food even though he may have lost it altogether.

<<R51>>
Pyren, die do roch sein, die keltenn vnd derren
vnd stopffen den leib vnd benemenn den durst.
Rasis spricht, der sie vor ander speyß ißt, so
trückenn sie die speiß nyder, das sie nit außrichenn
in das haubt. Sie sind aber rauch vnd nit
süß, so soltu sie bratten, aber zumol nit essenn.

Pears which are raw chill and dry and constipate the body and take away the thirst. Rhazes says that for him who eats them before other food, they press down that food so it can not smell up into the head. If they are rough and not sweet, however, you shall fry them and otherwise not eat them.

<<R52>>
O:epffel, die do suß sein, machenn natürliche feuchtigkeit.
Aber sawerr öpffel die kelten vnd derrent,
obdu der naturlichenn hicz zu vil hast vnd
ob du newrr dar an schmeckst, so stercken sie das
hercz vnd das hirnn. Auch machen sie wind in dem
leib. Auerrois spricht, öpffel safft sterckt den
magenn, doch wer vil öpffel isset, dem werden sein
zieh adernn gekrenckt vnd wirt ritig. Auicenna
spricht, wer öpffel isset, der sol nicht dann den
safft ein slindenn. Alle öpffel, die nit guttenn
geschmack habenn, sein schedlich.

Apples which are sweet cause natural moisture. Sour apples, however, chill and dry if you have too much natural heat, and if you only taste them they strengthen the heart and the brain. They also cause wind in the body. Averroes says that apple juice strengthens the stomach, but those who eat many apples will sicken at their /zieh adernn/ [some type of blood vessel] and become feverish. Avicenna says that he who eats apples should not gulp down the juice afterwards. All apples that do not have good taste are harmful.

<<R53>>
Weintraub, die so süß sein vnd weyß vnd dunen
pelg habenn, die dewet man leichtiglichenn,
wenn sie suß sein, vnd spricht Raßis, das
sie schier veist machenn vnd pleen vnd hiczenn
vnd macht vnkeusch. Sie schadenn der blosenn,
man solsie auch nit essen, sie sein
dann vor dreyenn oder vier tagenn gebrochenn.
Alle merr trawbenn sein nücz den menschen, den
wee ist in irem gedermm, vnd den nyren vnd die
blosen reynigt sie vnd speißenn wol. Auerrois
spricht, das sie hicz brengen vnd feuchtigkeit
vnd sein nücz der lebernn.

Grapes that are sweet and white and have thin skins are easily digested if they are sweet, and Rhazes says that they make people very fat and cause gas and heat up the body and cause unchastity. They harm the bladder and should not be eaten unless they were picked three or four days before. All the more grapes are good for people who have pain in their intestines, and they clean the kidneys and bladder and nourish well. Averroes says that they bring heat and moisture and are good for the liver.

<<R54>>
Veigen. Das pest obs, spricht Auerrois, sein
veigenn, wann sie reynigenn den magenn
vnd machenn zu stul genn vnd bringenn hicz
vnd feuchtigkeit. Auicenna spricht, das sie böß
plut machenn, vnd darvmb wer ir vil isset, der
wirt grindig vnd vol lewß. Doch so sein sie
nücz der lebernn vnd dem milcz, so sie verstopfft
sein, vnd den nyernn vnd dye blosen reinigt
sie vnd thut den weg auff, do die speyß soll
ein genn. So man sie isset mit nussen oder mit
mandel lang dar vor, ee man isset, die sein
nücz der prust vnd furr die reuhen in der kelen.
So man sie in wasser seudt vnd sie trucken
ißt mit nußenn, so sein sie furr alle vergifft gut.

Figs. Averroes says that figs are the best fruit because they clean the stomach and cause bowel movements and bring heat and moisture. Avicenna says that they cause bad blood, wherefore people who eat too many of them get skin diseases and lice. But they are good for the liver and the spleen, if they are clogged up, and they clean the kidneys and bladderand open the way where the food is to go in. If they are eaten with nuts or almonds long before eating (the main meal), they are good for the chest and against roughness in the throat. If they are boiled in water and eaten dry, with nuts, they are good against all poisonings.

<<R55>>
Eyer, die do frisch sein von einem hun, die
sein die pestenn. Der totter hicziget bescheidenlich
vnd speißt wol, aber das weyß kelt vnd
macht schleim vnd boß plut vnd ein bo:ese speyß.
Weiche hennen eyerr gesotten in wasserr sein
dewig vnd sein nücz den lewten, die krafft los
sein wordenn, vnd den lewten, vonn den vil pluts
get. Gebratenn eyer manchenn den tampff in das
haubt auff genn. Weich hennen eyer gesotenn
sein gut den lewtenn, die das abnemenn haben,
die do heiser oder rauch in der kelenn sein vnd
nicht wol etmenn mugenn oder die plut zu dem
mund auß werffenn.

Eggs which are fresh from the chicken are the best. The yolk heats moderately and nourishes well, but the white chills and causes phlegm and bad blood and (is?) a bad food. Soft chicken eggs boiled in water are good for people who have lost their strength and for people who are losing much blood. Fried eggs make the vapors go up into the head. Soft boiled chicken eggs are good for people who suffer from weight loss or are husky or have a rough throat and can not breathe well, or who throw out blood at the mouth.

<<R56>>
Keße, der do ist weder zu jung oder zu alt, ein
wenig gesalczenn vnd feist, der ist gut, doch so
der keß newer ist vnd nit gesalczen, so er pesser
plut macht. Galienus spricht, do sol man
sein wenig vnd seltenn essenn, wann er macht den
stein pey den nyren vnd in der bloßenn. Auicenna
spricht, aller keß, er sei alt oder new, gesalczenn
oder vngesalczenn, schadt dem magenn. Doch
der sein ein wenig isset nach der speyß, spricht
Rasis, das es des magens mund stercke vnd den
menschen dar nach machet lustig zu essenn vnd
dewet die ander speyß. Das sprechenn auch all
annder meysterr.

Cheese that is neither too old nor too young, slightly salted and fat, is good, but if it is newer and unsalted, it makes better blood. Galen says that it should be eaten little and rarely, asit causes stones in the kidneys and bladder. Avicenna says that all cheese, be it old or new, salted or unsalted, is bad for the stomach. But if you eat a little of it, says Rhazes, it strengthens the mouth of the stomach and raises an appetite and digests the other food. All the other medical authorities say the same.

<<R57>>
Milch, die do suß ist und frisch, die keltet vnd
macht feucht vnd ist nücz den lewtenn, die das
abnemenn haben oder die durren hustenn oder die
do scheydet das wasserr, so sie prunczen, vnd
den lewtenn, die do husten, den soll man honig
dar czu thun, wann das macht, das die milch
schierr wirt gedewet. Also spricht Auicenna,
milch macht durren lewten gut plut vnd gut naturr
vnd schadt allen den lewtenn, die den ritenn
oderr das grymmenn in dem leib habenn oder
kranck zu adernn oder andernn sichtagenn habenn,
die von kelten komet. Auff milch soll nyemand
wein trinckenn, er horr dann auff. Es spricht Auicenna,
auff milch soll man nit ander speyß essenn,
sie sey dann verdewet. Werr susse milch isset, der
soll zu hant dar auff nit arbeitten, noch schlaffenn,
sunder er soll sust rwenn, anders
er wird die milch in im zu essig vnd
schadt dem magenn vnd allenn gelidernn. Nymant
soll milch vnd fisch v::ber ein mol essenn,
wann es bringt ausseczigkeit. Vnd vnder aller
milch ist keine pesserr dann frawenn milch vnd
darnach geyß milch, Auerrois spricht vnd Auicenna,
darnach rinder milch. Es spricht Rasis,
jung lewt, die hiczig sein, den ist milch schad,
wann sie wirt zu hant in in gelbe, aber altenn
lewtenn ist sie gesund. Milch mit honig oder
zucker gemischet vnd die gessenn, das ist gut,
wann die milch wirt do von dester ee verdewet.
Auicenna spricht, sie macht feucht vnd benymbt den
grind an dem leib.

Milk that is sweet and fresh chills and causes moisture and is good for people who suffer from weight loss or dry cough or those /do scheydet das wasserr/ (who suffer cutting pains?) when they piss. People who cough should have honey added, which causes the milk to be digested well. Avicenna says that milk causes good blood and nature in dry people, but it is harmful to all who have the fever or gru,mbling in the stomach or have diseases of the blood vessels or other illnesses caused by cold. After milk, nobody should drink wine but stop drinking. Avicenna says that nobody should eat other food after milk before it has been digested. Those who eat sweet milk should not work with their hands nor sleep afterwards but otherwise rest. Otherwise the milk will turn to vinegar and harm the stomach and all limbs. Nobody should eat milk and fish at the same time as this causes leprosy. Among all milk there is none better than womens' milk, and then goats' milk according to Averroes, but according to Avicenna it is cows' milk. Rhazes says that milk is harmful to young people that are of hot nature as it /wirt zu hant in in gelbe/ (is immediately turned into gall?), but for old people it is healthy. Eating milk mixed with honey or sugar is good as it is the better digested for it. Avicenna says that it causes moisture and takes away skin diseases from the body.

<<R58>>
Milch ist gut allenn den, die geprestenn haben
an der lungenn. Milch, von der die putter benomen
ist, der dick dar ein ein glüend eysen
stest vnd das trinckt, es sterckt in, hat er ein
enczindete lebernn oder ist er wundt in dem gedermm
oder gut plut von im von v::briger hicz zu
der nasenn oder anders, wo vonn v::beriger hicz
er genist.

Milk is good for everybody who has lung diseases. Milk from which the butter has been taken and which has been heated well with a red-hot iron, if drunk, strengthens those who have inflamed livers or pain in the intestines or lose good blood because of excessive heat, through the nose or elsewhere where they suffer excessive heat.

<<R59>>
Item alle grune sawre milch ist vndewig vnd macht
den menschenn vnlustig zu essenn.

Also all green, sour milk is indigestible and causes loss of appetite.

<<R60>>
Item molcken vertreibt hicz vnd v::bergelle vnd
ist gut grindigen lewten vnd den, die geswulst
haben.

Also whey drives out heat and excess gall and is good for people who suffer from skin diseases and those who have swellings.

<<R61>>
Item putternn von der milch gemacht krennckt den
magenn vnd macht den menschen vnlustick zu essenn,
wer sein vil isset.

Also butter made from milk harms the stomach and causes loss of appetite if eaten in large quantities.

<<R62>>
Item die fisch, die do ganngenn sein in steinigenn
vnd flissendenn wassernn vnd vil schüppenn
haben vnd weder zu groß noch zu clein sein vnd
nicht zu feist als ele vnd salmm, die suß sein
vnd nicht v::bel schmeckenn, die sein die pestenn,
die do frisch vnd nit faul sein. Yedoch soltu wissenn,
das alle grün fisch kalt vnd feucht sein
vnd vndewig vnd machen durst vnd böses plut vnd
machen einen bösen magen vnd vil schleims in
dem magenn vnd schadenn allenn menschenn, die
do sichtagenn habenn, die von kelten komenn.
Doch sein sie nucz den lewten, die hiczig vnd
dürr sein.

Also the fish that live in stony and running water and have plenty of scales and are neither too large nor too small nor too fat, like eel and salmon, and that are sweet and do not taste bad, those are the best, provided they are fresh and have not gone bad. But you shall know that all green fish are cold and moist and indigestible and cause thirst and bad blood and a bad stomach and plenty of phlegm in the stomach and harm all people who have diseases caused by a cold nature. But they are good for people who are hot and dry by nature.

<<R63>>
Item alle visch, die in pfuczigenn oder stendenn
wassernn gen, die sein böß. Alle gesalczenn
visch sein vngesund, vnd man soll ir wenig essenn.
Doch die visch, die newlich gesalczenn
sein, die sein vnder den die pestenn.

Also all fish that live in dirty or standing water are bad. All salted fish are unhealthy and you should eat little of them. But those who have recently been salted are the best among them.

<<R64>>
Also spricht Auicenna, frisch fisch, alls hie
vor geschriben stet, die sein die pestenn, so
man sie macht in ein sulczenn, do ein wenig essigs
ynnenn ist, die sein gesund. All visch brue
die machen zu stul genn.

Avicenna says that fresh fish, as described above, are the best if they are cooked in a sauce that has a little vinegar in it. This way they are healthy. All fish broth causes bowel movements.

<<R65>>
Item alle krebs sein gut, die in einem frischenn
wasser gegangenn sein, vnd sein nücz
allenn den, die das abnemen habenn oder sust verswinden
ann dem leib, vnd speyßt wol.

Also all crustaceans which live in fresh water are good and help people who suffer from weight loss, and nourish well.

<<R66>>
Item alle visch sein gesunder gebrotenn dann gesotenn,
die bringenn dem menschen den schloff als der ol.

Also all fish are healthier fried than boiled. They cause people to sleep like owls.

<<R67>>
Item es spricht Gardianus, man soll alle visch
sieden mit wein oder essig oder wurczen, wann
das zeucht die bösen feuchtigkeit darvonn.

Also Gardianus says that all fish should be boiled with wine or vinegar or spices, as this draws the bad moisture out of them.

<<R68>>
Es spricht Rasis, das vnter allem kornn weicz das
pest ist, vnd darvmb das prot, dastu isset, das
soll sein von weicz vnd soll sein scho:en vnd wolgepackenn
vnd etwas gesalczen vnd wol gedeßmet vnd
soll eins oder zweyerr tag zu dem mynsten alt
sein. Doch wiß, das das schön prot, das ein wenig
cleyen hat, macht zu stul genn. Avicenna spricht,
du solt nymmerr warmm brot essenn, wann es swebt
oben in dem magenn vnd mag nit verdewet werdenn.
Ein yetlich brot, das im wasser gesotenn ist vnd
nit tesem hat, das macht den stein vnd we in dem
leib vnd in der lebernn. Auch brot, das in der
pfannen gepackenn ist als kuchlein, das thut wee
in dem leib vnd mag nit wol verdewet werdenn. Als
brot, das alt gepackenn ist, das bringt grossenn
sichtagenn. Ru:ockenn prot das ist das pest nach
dem weissenn vnd macht zu stul genn. Ander brot
ist nit gesund noch gut, wann es speyßt nit wol.

Rhazes says that among all the grain, wheat is best. Therefore the bread you eat shall be made from wheat and be pretty and well baked, slightly salted and well /gedeßmet/ (?) and at least one or two days old. But know that good bread with a little bran in it causes bowel movement. Avicenna says that you should never eat warm bread because it hovers high in the stomach and can not be digested. Any bread that is boiled in water and does not have /tesem/ (?) causes stones and pain in the body and the liver. Also, bread that is baked in the pan like cakes causes pain in the body and can not be digested well. All bread that is old causes great illness. Rye bread is the best after the white and causes bowel movement. Other bread is neither healthy nor good as it does not nourish well.

<<R69>>
Item fleysch ist ein speyß, do des menschenn leib
allermeist von gespeißt wirt vnd in feist vnd
starck machen, doch ist es nit gut den lewtenn,
die ritig sein oder sust vol plutz sein. Wiß, das
als fleisch alter tier oder die do iunge tier in
in tragenn vnd auch alter vogel als alte hunerr
vnd alte hannenn vnu:ecz ist vnd als veists fleisch,
wann das schavmet in dem magenn vnd macht den menschenn
vnlustig zu essenn. Als gepratenn fleisch
das speyst wol vnd ist gesund, doch wirt es kawm
verdewt vnd ist den menschen gut, den vil
vil plutz enget vnden an. Vnd man soll kein ander
speiß essenn, wenn man das selbig isset,
spricht Rasis. Gebraten fleisch an dem das
ist ein grobe speyß vnd macht sat vnd wirt kaum
verdewet vnd macht veist in dem leib, so es mager
ist. Gesottenn fleisch ist das gesundest, wie man
das bereittenn mag. Doch thut man ein wenig essigs
in das wasserr, darInnen es seudt, so ist es
nu:ecz den lewten, die ein heisse lebernn habenn
oder die zu vil rubeam coleram habenn oder das
vbergel haben.

Also meat is the food that most nourishes the human body and makes it fat and strong, but it is not good for people who are feverish or otherwise full of blood. Know that all meat of old animals or those who bear young in them and also of old birds, all old chickens and cocks, and all fat meat is useless because it foams in the stomach and causes loss of appetite. All roast/fried meat is nourishes well and is heralthy, but it is badly digested and is good for people who are tightened below by too much blood [suffer from constipation?]. When eating it, you should eat nothing else, Rhazes says. Roast/fried meat is coarse food and stills the hunger and is badly digested and makes you fat, in the body, if it is lean. Boiling meat is the healthiest way to prepare it. If you add a little vinegar to the water it is boiled in, it is good for people who have a hot liver or too much red gall, or excess gall.

<<R70>>
Junghüner. Es spricht Auerrois, das vnder allenn
vogelnn ein junge henne, die do feist ist, der
gesundest vogel ist vnd hat die eygenschafft, das
die machet gut naturr, vnd die bru:e do von thut
das selb vnd ist nu:ecz den ausseczigenn menschenn.
Vnd vnder allen hennen, die nye kein ey geleit,
die sein gut. Die anndernn sein nit gut. Das
hirnn der jungenn hennen macht wachßenn des menschen
hirnn vnd macht gut synne vnd wert das
plut von der nasen, von dem gepresten des hirnes.

Young chickens. Averroes says that among all birds a young hen that is fat is the healthiest bird and has the property of making a good nature. Its broth does the same and is good for lepers. Among all hens, those that never laid eggs are good. The others are not. The brain of young hens makes the human brain grow and sharpens the senses and prevents nosebleeds caused by diseases of the brain.

<<R71>>
Rephun est frigide nature atque domestica galina
perdice frigidior est. Caro eius infirma non est
sed fragilis. Et comesta sanos non multum ledit.
Infirmis autem non valet quia facit sleymig. Accipe
fel eius et veteris aruine commisce et in
cuius cute pedicule exterius de sudore carnis
crescunt illi se cum eo sepe pervngant et cutem
eius pertransit et vlterius non crescunt.

[Anahita notes: the above is in Latin. What follows is in German]

Rephuner sein gar gesund. Vnd spricht Rasis, das
sie die eygenschaft habenn, wie man sie isset gesotenn
oder gepratenn, so vertreiben sie die bösen
feuchtigkeit von dem magenn vnd all faul
speyß vnd stopffenn sie den leib.

Partriges are frigid by nature, though not as frigid as domestic chickens. Its meat is not bad, but tender. Eating it does not harm healthy people, but it is not good for the sick and causes phlegm. Take its gall and mix it with old lard and /in cuius cute pedicule exterius de sudore carnis crescunt illi se cum eo sepe perungant/ (?) and it passes through the skin. You will not find better [?]
[Anahita notes:The above is originally in Latin, what follows is originally in German]
Partridges are very healthy, and Rhazes says of them that is they are eaten boiled, they will drive the bad moisture and any rotten food out of the stomach. They also cause constipation.

<<R72>>
Pirckhunn eandem naturam habet sicut etiam diotum
praeter hoc quod caro ipsius melius valet
tam infirmis quam sanis ad comedendum quam caro
praecedentis.

[Anahita notes: The above is in Latin]

Greyhens are of the same nature as those described above, except that their flesh is better to eat for both healthy and sick people than that of the preceding.

<<R73>>
Awerhun calidum et aliquantulum humidum est et
ideo tam infirmis quam sanis in comestione bonus
est. Et si madenii aut aly vermes homines comedunt
vesicam vehimes puluerisa et de tali puluere
in locum vlterum pone et cum gustauerint
morientur.

[Anahita notes: The above is in Latin]

Woodgrouse is hot and a little moist and is therefore good food for both healthy and sick people. If maggots or other worms are eating a man, take its bladder and strongly pulverise it. Take of that powder and put it into the place, and once the worms taste it they shall die.

<<R74>>
Durteltaub ist ein edle speiß, wann, also spricht
Averrois vnd Raßis, sie machen gut synne vnd
gut gedechtnuß. Aber annder taubenn machenn enczundt
plut vnd den ritenn. Jung taubenn, spricht
Rasis, die stercken naturlich hicz. Aber alt tawben
sein nücz den menschenn, die den bösen sichtagenn
haben oder die das parliß geschlagenn
hat. Man soll sie mit speck, mit wachalternn vnd
salbej fullen vnd pratenn.

Turtledove is noble (quality) food because it sharpens the senses and the memory, say Averroes and Rhazes. Other doves cause inflamed blood and fever. Rhazes says that young doves strengthen natural heat, but old doves are good for people who have bad diseases or have been struck by paralysis [palsy?]. They should be filled with bacon, juniper and sage and roasted.

<<R75>>
Item staren vnd fasant vnd alle vogel, die wachalternn
essenn, die sein alle gesund, die sein
hiczig vnd machenn vnlustigk zu essenn vnd böse
materig. Vnd das thun auch alle wasser vogel,
die in dem wasser wonent als reyger vnd wild entenn
vnd mancherley vogel.

Also starlings and pheasants and all birds that eat juniper are healthy, they are hot and cause loss of appetite bad body fluids [bad humors]. The same is also caused by all waterfowl such as herons and wild ducks and many other birds.

<<R76>>
Nun will ich sprechenn zu dem erstenn, das zigenn
fleisch vnd jung hennen fleisch das aller
pest ist, also spricht Averrois vnd Raßis, das
in im selber kein poßheit hat vnd macht gut plut
vnd ist doch nit gut den lewtenn, die groß arbeit
haben, noch kein ander zart speiß, wann mang starcker
arbeitter verdirbt do von in dem leib, als in
müssig gengernn vnd krannckenn lewten verdirbt
starck speyß.

Now I will first say that goat meat and the meat of young hens is the best of all. Averroes and Rhazes say that there is no badness in it and it makes good blood, but it still is not good for people who work hard, and neither is any other fine food, because a hard worker will have it rot in his body, as coarse food rots in idle and ill people.

<<R77>>
Wideren fleysch vnd hemlen fleisch, die do jung
sein vnter ein jarr oder jerig sind, die sein darnach
die pestenn vnd kalbfleysch, das do jung ist
vnder eim jarr oder jerig oder das do sawget.

Meat of rams that are under a year or one year old are the best after this, as is veal from calves that are under a year or one year old, or those that suckle.

<<R78>>
Item rindt fleysch speyst serr vnd macht dick vnd
grob plut vnd ist nucz den lewtenn, die do groß
arbeit thun, vnd schadt allen menschenn, die do
melancolici sein vnd vil trawriger trawm vnd gedencken
haben.

Also beef nourishes well and makes much and coarse blood and is good for people who work hard. It is bad for people who are melancholy and have many sad dreams and thoughts.

<<R79>>
Sweins fleisch, es sej wild oder zam, das dewet
man schierr vnd speist serr wol, aber es macht
schleym vnd ist ein grobe speyß. Vnd das pest an
dem swein das sein die fuß, das maul, die oren
vnd der zagell.

Pork, be it from wild boars or domestic pigs, is well digested and it nourishes well, but it makes phlegm and is a coarse food. The best parts of a pig are the feet, the mouth, the ears and the tail.

<<R80>>
Item du solt kein marck, es sej in vogelnn oder
andernn tieren, essenn, wann es macht den swindel
in dem haubt vnd ein böse gedechtnuß, dastu der
ding vergissest, die du vor gehört oder geleßen
hast.

You shall eat no marrow, whether it is of birds or other animals, as it causes dizziness in the head and a bad memory, so that you forget things which you heard or read earlier.

<<R81>>
Vnder den wilden tieren ist kein gesunder tier
nit dann rechgeyß vnd rechböck, wann sie behütenn
den menschenn vor dem ritenn, als do spricht Albertus,
vnd treibt auß vnsermm leib den regen wurmm.

Among the wild animals there is no healthier one than the roe and roebuck, says Albertus, because they protect men from the fever and drive the rain worm [?] from the body.

<<R82>>
Item eins altenn hirschen fleysch vnd hasen
fleisch macht melancolej, pöß trawm vnd pöß gedennckenn.
Doch eins hasen gebrotenn genert den
menschenn, den das parliß geschlagen hat.

The meat of an old deer or hare causes melancholy, bad dreams and bad thoughts. But roast hare nourishes people who have been struck by the paralysis [palsy?].

<<R83>>
Item eins ygels fleysch ist gut ausseczigenn
menschenn. Wer seine dermm derret vnd zu puluer
macht vnd sein ein wenig isset, den macht
es prunczen, ob er sust nit mag.

The meat of a hedgehog is good for lepers. Those who dry its intestines and grind them to a powder and eat a little of that are made to piss, even if they can not do so otherwise.

<<R84>>
Eichhornn fleysch ist gesund. Wiß auch, das
yeczlich fleysch, souil das iunger ist, alsouil
ist es auch gesunderr. Es soll auch weder zu
feist noch zu mager sein.

Squirrel meat is healthy. Know also that any meat is the healthier the younger it is. It should also be neither too fat nor too lean.

<<R85>>
Item das hercz an einem yetlichenn tier ist vndewig
vnd speist nit wol. Aber das hirnn kelt
vnd macht vnlustig zu essenn vnd schadt dem magenn,
vnd soll man es nymmerr anders essenn dann
vor ander speyß.

The heart of any animal is indigestible and does not nourish well. The brain chills and causes loss of appetite and harms the stomach. It should never be eaten except before other food.

<<R86>>
Item das haubt ist ein grobe speiß, es speißt
vast vnd hiczigt vast, es bringt den grymmen in
dem leib vnd den ritenn vnd sterckt das plut, vnd
soll man es nymmerr essenn dann in dem wintter,
so grosse kelt ist.

The head is coarse food, it nourishes well and heats the body greatly, brings grumbling in the stomach and fever and strengthens the blood. It should never be eaten except in winter, when it is very cold.

<<R87>>
Item die lebernn, das milcz vnd die nyren aller
tier die sein vndewig vnd bringenn dem menschenn
vil sichtagenn.

The liver, spleen and kidneys of all animals are indigestible and bring many diseases to men.

<<R88>>
Von viererley speyß soltu nu:eczen oder essenn vnd
du solt auch wissenn, yssest du hiczige speyß
als pfefferr, czwifelnn vnd knoblauch, die verprennenn
dir dein plut, auch krebs. Issestu
aber dinck, die serr külenn, als lattich vnd wurczelnn
vnd die dem geleich sein an kelten, die
töttenn dir dein plut vnd machenn es gerynnenn.
Sein aber die ding zu wesserig an in selbs, die
du issest, als kurbiß, dy machenn dir faul plut
in dem leib. Sein sie aber vergifftig als swamenn,
so tötten sie dich, machenn sie aber zu
vil feuchtigkeit in dem menschenn, so wirt faul
materig in im als czwifell, pfirsing vnd dem geleich.

You shall use and eat many foods, and you shall know that if you eat food that is hot in nature, like pepper, onions and garlic, they will burn your blood. Crustaceans do the same. If you eat things that chill you much, though, such as lettuce and root vegetables and things that are equal to them in coldness, they will kill your blood and cause it to clot. If the things you eat are by nature too watery, such as squashes, they will cause the blood to rot in your body. If they are poisonous, like mushrooms, they they kill you, but if they (only) cause much moisture in the body, rotten matter like onion, peach and such will accumulate.

<<R89>>
Item derrent aber die dinck zu serr als pfefferr,
peterlein vnd encian vnd ysopp, wiewol dise ding
gut sein, so man sie vermischet mit anndernn guttenn
dingenn, die feuchtigkeit bescheidenlich
bringen, doch der sie vil vermischt, so krencken
sie des menschen krafft vnd speyßen auch nit.

But if the things dry out the body too much, such as pepper, parsley, gentian and hyssop, although these things are good if they are mixed with other things that cause moderate moisture, they will make you ill and not nourish you if you mix in too much of them.

<<R90>>
Ist es aberr, dastu issest zu feiste ding, es
sej visch oder fleysch, so swymbt es dir oben in
dem magenn vnd macht, das sich die speyß nit verdewt.
Issestu aber die speyß serr gesalczenn,
so speist sie dir nit vnd verprennt
dir dein plut vnd verderbt dir den magenn vnd
die speyß darInnen vnd krenckt dir dein gesicht.
Ist sie aber zu suß, so beschliessenn sie dir
dein leib vnd andere gelider, so von vil grosser
schedenn kummenn. Sein aber die ding pitter, die
du issest, noch speissen sie dich nit vnd machen
dir weder fleysch noch plut vnd kumbt dir zu
schadenn.

But if it is that you eat too fat things, be they fish or flesh, they qwill float up in the stomach and cause the food not to be digested. If you eat food that is too heavily salted, it will not nourish you and burn up your blood, spoil your stomach and the food in it and damage your eyesight. If the food is too sweet, it will close up your body and limbs, which causes great harm. But if the things you eat are bitter, they will not nourish you and make neither flesh nor blood (in the body), and you will come to harm.

<<R91>>
Item eßigt aber die speyß zu serr, das zu vil
essigs darInnen ist oder ser schmeckt als essig,
so macht sie dich alt vnd schier sterbenn.

And if the food "vinegars too much", be it that there is too much vinegar in it or that it tastes too much like vinegar, it will make you age and die.

<<R92>>
Item stopffet dich aberr die speyß zu sere, die
du issest, vnd ist das nit seuerlet als ku:etenn,
so ist es dir schad. Dar von spricht ein grosser
meyster.

But if the food you eat constipates you too much, and it is not sour like quinces, it will harm you. A great authority speaks of this.

<<R93>>
Die speyß, die dem menschenn wol kummenn, das ist
eins lemleins fleysch, das ein jars alt ist oder
darvnderr, zigen fleysch vnd kalb fleisch vnd
einß saugendenn kelbleins vnd huner, die etwas
groß sein vnder einem jarr vnd die keine eyer
gelegt habenn, vnd koppawn, rephuner vnd weiche
eyerr vnd schüppet fisch, die in fließendenn
wassernn sein ganngenn, vnd all clein vogel, die
man gemeinglich isset, vnd weiczen brot, das mit
roßinenn ist gemacht vnd das czweyer oder dreyer
tag alt sind vnd ein wenig gesalczenn ist.

The food that is good for people is the meat of a lamb that is a year old or less, goat meat and veal and the meat of a suckling calf, and chickens that are a little big (grown up?) and under a year old, and have not laid eggs yet, capon, partridges and soft eggs and scaly fish living in running water, all small birds that are commonly eaten, and wheat bread made with raisins, two or three days old and slightly salted.

<<R94>>
Item dein tranck soll sein alter wein, der lautter
sey, vnd kein newenn wein, der do trüb sej, vnd
solt den wein mit ein wenig wasser mischenn. Aber
in dem winter laß den wein ein wenig warmm wernn,
ee dann du in trinckest in dem winter, das ist
von Sandt Katherina tag piß zu Sandt Peters tag,
so die störch komenn. Dein speyß soll auch warmm
sein vnd nit kalt, vnd solt dann essenn fleysch
vnd speiß, die serr vnd fast speyßt als hamel
fleisch eins iars alt. Wiltu aber essenn rintfleysch,
hasenn, hirßenn vnd sweynenn fleysch, ob
dir diser tier fleysch anders nit schadenn, als
vor geschriben stet vonn disen tieren nüczen vnd
schadenn. Auch soltu zu der zeit mer essenn dann
zu keiner zeit des gannczen jars, wann von der
ewssernn kelt wirt die natürlich hicz ynnen behaltenn
in dem magenn vnd in dem herczen, in der
lebernn vnd nymbt die dewende crafft zü vnd wirt
starck.

Your drink shall be old, clear wine, not new, opaque wine, and you shall mix it with a little water. But in winter let the wine warm up a little before you drink it in winter, which is from St. Catherine's day (25 November) to St. Peter's (21 February?), when the storks return. Your food shall also be warm and not cold, and you should eat meat and food that nourishes strongly and well, such as the meat of a one-year-old ram. If you want to eat beef, hare, deer or pork, these meats will not harm you otherwise than it is written that they help and harm above. Also, in this time you shall eat more than at any other time of the year, because the outside cold causes the natural heat to be kept inside the body, in the stomach, heart and liver, and the digestive power increases.

<<R95>>
Item in dem summer, das ist vonn Sandt Vrbans
tag piß auff vnserr frawen tag den erstenn, so
soltu essenn die speyß, die dich nit zuserr
speyßt, noch zu sat macht als zigenn fleysch
oder eins iungen lemleins oder einß sawgendenn
kalbs oder eins hemels, der nit ierig sey, vnd
iungs cleins kraut als penet oder lattich gesotenn
vnd etwenn ein wenig zu vesper
zeit, so du wol magst essenn dar auff zu
stund an rohenn lattich mit essig.

In summer, which is from St. Urbanus' Day (25 May) to Our Lady's Day the first (8 September), you shall eat food that does not nourish you too much nor is too filling, such as goat meat, the meat of a young lamb, a suckling calf or a ram less than a year old, and young, small greens such as boiled /penet/ or lettuce, and perhaps for vespers, if you want, you may eat raw lettuce with vinegar at that time.

<<R96>>
Item hastu nit ein zu kaltenn magenn, so du anhebst
zu essenn in dem fru:emol, so magstu rettich,
kirschenn oder amerellenn essenn vnd darauf
ander speyß, wann dise ding keltenn dich
vnd machen dich feucht, als dich die zeit macht
heyß vnd durr vnd machenn dich sweyssenn, vnd
die kirschen verswendenn in dir die vbergelle.
Doch soltu ir nit zu vil essenn, dastu den
magenn nit zu serr keltest, der besunder zu
der selben zeit kalt vnd kranck ist.

If you do not have too cold a stomach when you go to eat breakfast, you may eat horseradish, tart or sweet cherries and other food afterwards because these things chill you and make you moist while the season makes you hot and dry, and they cause you to sweat, and the cherries drive out the excess gall. But you shall not eat too much of them so that you do not chill your stomach too much, especially if it is cold and sick at the time.

<<R97>>
In dem herbst, das ist von vnserr frawen tag
gepurt piß zu Sandt Katherina tag, so soltu ein
wenig obs essenn, vnd waß du von obß issest,
das soll etwas messiger hicz bringenn als mandel
vnd gru:en nuß messig geessenn.

In autumn, which is from the Day of Our Lady's Birth (8 September) to St. Catherine's Day (25 November), you shall eat a little fruit. The fruit you eat should cause a little less heat than almond and green nuts eaten in measure.

<<R98>>
In dem lenczenn, das ist vonn Sandt Peters tag,
so die störch komenn, piß zu Sandt Vrbans tag,
so soltu messig sein mit essenn vnd zarte speyß
essenn, dann vor in dem winter hastu dich vberessenn.
Item du solt auch wissenn, welche zeit
in dem iarr dir schad ist kummenn in deynen magen
von feistemfleisch oder fischenn, so soltu
dar auff essenn pirnn oder keß, nach den vischen
nüß vnd pirnn, nach dem fleisch keß vnd
pirnn. Doch soltu nymmer essenn grün obs dann
an dem tag, so du serr gegangen hast, vnd wenn
du grosserr hicz in dem magenn enpfindest. Vnd
in dem summer soltu ir wenig essen oder ein gut
weil dar auff nichcs anders essenn. Wann es
spricht Avicenna, wie wol das grun obs als pflawmen
vnd krichenn vnd kirschen, die do sawer sein,
vnd amerellen wie wol die nu:ecz sein vnd den lewten,
die do groß arbeit habenn vnd der vil colera
hat, das hicziget den magen, doch macht sie
des menschenn plut wasserig vnd faul. Dar vmb
spricht er, das die menschenn, die mancherley
vnd vil obs essenn, das sie dick den rittenn gewynnen.
Vnd das tut kein ander obs dann das grun
ist merr, dan ich hie genent hab, vnd ist nyemand
gesund, als der selbig meyster meynt, wann
es macht alwegenn des menschen plut faul etc.

In spring, which is from St. Peter's Day, when the storks return (21 February?) to St. Urbanus' Day (25 May), you shall eat in measure and eat fine foods, because you have overeaten in winter. And you should know at what time of the year (this time of the year?) it is harmful to you to get fat meat or fish into your stomach. You should eat pears or cheese afterwards, after fish nuts or pears, after meat cheese or pears. But you shall never eat green fruit, except on a day when you have walked much, and when you feel great heat in your stomach. In summer, you should eat little of it, or eat nothing else for a good while afterwards. Avicenna says that though green fruit such as plums, sloes and tart and sweet cherries are good for people who work hard and have much gall that heats the stomach, they make people's blood watery and rotten. Therefore he writes that people who eat much and diverse fruit get bad fevers. No fruit does this more than the green fruit I have listed here, and it is healthy to no one, as the same authority says, as it always causes people's blood to rot etc.

<<R99>>
Item wiß auch, das zarte warme speyß den menschenn
lenger in gesuntheyt behelt dann grob
kalt speyß. Als rintfleisch, sweynenn fleisch
vnd hirß die sein den schad, wann man mag sie
nit liederlich verdewenn. Also ist einem starckenn
menschenn, der einen gutten magenn hatt
vnd ser arbeit vnd zart speyß ist, junge huner,
zigenn vnd kalpfleysch dick geessenn ist in vngesund,
wann es verdirbt vnd fault in
dem magenn.

Also know that fine, warm food keeps people in good health longer than coarse, cold food will. All beef, pork and millet are harmful, because they are digested badly. Eating plenty of fine foods such as young chicken, goat and veal is unhealthy for a strong man who has a good stomach and works hard, because it will rot in his stomach.

<<R100>>
Item hastu feist fleysch gessenn, das dir v::bel
bekummenn ist, so iß dar auff pirnn vnd keß.
Item hastu versalczne speyß gessenn, dar auff
soltu essen suß öpffel. Du solt nymmerr zart
speiß vnd grob vber ein tisch essenn, oder du
solt die zartenn speyß vor essenn als weiche
eyer, iunge huner vnd clein vogel, wider, rintfleysch,
sweine fleysch noch wilpret. Gesotenn
oder gepratenn fleysch soltu nymmer essenn, annders
die zart speyß swymt ob der grobenn vnd
fault dann in dem magenn. Auicenna spricht,
nach grosser arbeit oder so der mensch fast ist
gangenn vber felt, so soll er keynen visch darnach
essenn. Auch spricht Auicenna, das kein
ding schedlicherr vnd boser sej, dann ob einem
tisch mangerley speyß essenn vnd lanng dar ob
siczenn als visch, fleysch vnd krebs etc.

If you have eaten fat meat that did not agree with you, eat pears or cheese afterwards. If you have eaten oversalted food, eat sweet apples afterwards. You shall never eat fine and coarse food at the same meal, or you shall eat the fine foods beforehand such as soft eggs, young chickens, small birds (and neither) ram, beef, pork nor venison. You shall never eat boiled or roast meat because the fine food will float up on the coarse inside the stomach and rot. Avicenna says that after hard work, or if someone has walked far afield, he should eat no fish. Avicenna also says that nothing is more harmful than to eat many different things, such as fish, meat, crustaceans etc, at the same meal and then linger long (over the table).

<<R101>>
Item also mach rosen öl. Nym iij lb. pawmöls vnd
j lb. rosen pleter vnd thue das in ein glaß oder
in einen hafen, der glesen sey, vnd mach das oben
gancz eben zu vnd henck das an die sunnen dreyssig
tage vnd darnach trück es durch ein tuch.
Das o:el ist zumol gut furr alle hicz, die dem
menschen kumbt in der kranckheyt, so man die wipron
vnd die stirnn do mit bestreicht, magstu nit
gehaben pawmol, so nym gut meyen putternn vnd
ein vncz wachs, zu laß das allererst vnd thue es
dann zusammenn. Mann sagt, das es pesser sej
dann das erste.

Make rose oil thus. Take 3 pounds of olive oil and 1 pound of rose petals and put that into a glass or a pot made out of glass and close the top tightly and hang it out in the sun for thirty days and then pass it through a cloth. The oil is mainly good against all kinds of heat that comes from sickness, if you rub it over the brows and forehead. If you do not have tree oil, take good may butter and an ounce of wax and melt it first and then mix it. It is said that the latter is better than the former.

<<R102>>
Lilgen öl das hat geleich die selbenn krafft vnd
ist auch gleich zu den dingen gut als das
rosenöl.

Lily oil has the same power and is good for the same uses as rose oil.

<<R103>>
Barrago heyßt gruntletliche, das macht man als
das rosenöl, das hilfft furr aller hand seuchenn,
die von hicz komenn, wann es ist vil kelter natur
dann das veiol öl oder rosen öl.

Borage is called /gruntletliche/ (?). It is made like rose oil. It helps against all kinds of diseases that are caused by heat because its nature is much colder than that of violet oil or rose oil.

<<R104>>
Item barrago heyßt scharlay, darvmb heyßt das öl
barragmatum oleum von des scharlas plumen, das
macht man geleich als vor geschriben stet, das
ist ein teyl wermerr dann das annder von naturr
vnd ist gut den, die an der quartan arbeittenn,
vnd alle des herczenn tragheit vnd das vnderstanden
zweyfel an den synnen vnd doch nit garr vnsinig
sein.

Borage is (also) called /scharlay/ flower, therefore the oil of the /scharlas/ flower is called /barragmatum oleum/. It is made the same way as described above. It is one part warmer by nature than the others and is good for those who suffer from quartan fever and all weariness of the heart and whose senses are in doubt, but who are not quite insane yet.

<<R105>>
Oleum iusquiani macht man also. Iusquianum heyßt
pilsenn. Fülle einen hafen mit dem samenn, der
locher hab, der new ist, vnd die köplichen vnd
pleterr zu schnittenn, nym einen andernn hafen
vnd grab den vurr die erdenn vnd secz den ersten
locheretten auff den die erdenn vnd stopff es
wol zu, das nichcz dar ein felt, vnd deck dann
die erden v::ber die czwenn hefen vnd
laß die ein iarr stenn. Wenn das jarr vmb kumbt,
so nyms her auß, so vindestu schon vnd lauterr
öl in dem vndersten hafen. Das öl ist garr gut
zu allerley seuchenn, die von hicz komenn, wann
es kelt serr.

/Oleum iusquiani/ is made thus. /Iusquianum/ means mushrooms. Fill a pot that has holes with the seed and the heads and leaves cut up, take another pot and bury it in the ground and put the other one with holes on top and cover it well, so that nothing can fall in, and then cover both with earth and leave them standing for a year. When the year is over, take them out and you will find fine and clear oil in the bottom pot. This oil is good against all diseases caused by heat, because it chills strongly.

<<R106>>
Loröll das mach also. Nym lorberr vnd auch die pleterr, ob du sie gehaben magst, stoß sie vnd seud sie mit wasserr serr, vnd das öberst nymbt man ab vnd behelt es, das ist gut furr die kalten gicht vnd furr alle seuchenn, die von kalten dingenn komenn, wann es ist heyß in dem dritten grad.

Laurel oil is made thus. Take laurel berries and leaves, too, if you have them, grind them and boil them strongly in water, and take off the (oil floating to the) top and keep it. This is good against the cold gout (arthritis? rheumatism?) and all diseases that are caused by cold because it is hot in the third degree.

<<R107>>
Oleum puleginum das macht man vonn poley, das
ist heyß in dem vierden grad. Nym poley, so er
pluet, vnd seud den mit öl, als hie vor geschriben
stett, vnd temperir es pej dem fewrr. Ye lengerr
es seudt, ye pesser es wirt. So soll mans
dann auß zwingenn vnd behaltenn.

/Oleum puleginum/ is made from pennyroyal [menta puleagina, Ger: Polei/Flohkraut. Fleawort?] which is hot in the fourth degree. Take pennyroyal when it is in flower and boil it in oil, as is described earlier, and temper it before the fire. The longer it boils, the better it gets. Then you press it out and keep it.

<<R108>>
Oleum sambucum. Sambucus heyßt holderr, der ist
heyß an dem drittenn grad. Das öl mach man von
holderr plut vnd seudt es auch, als ir vernomenn
habt, mit öl vnd ist gut als die andernn,
die heyß sein. Auch ist ein ander öl von holder,
das ist kalter naturr, das macht man von den
pernn, die man v::ber mer bringt, der vindt man
hie nicht.

/Oleum sambucum/. /Sambucus/ means elderflower, which is hot in the third degree. Make the oil from elderflowers which are boiled in oil, too, as you heard before, and it is good for the same things as the others which are hot. There is also another oil of the elder, of cold nature, which is made from the berries. These are brought in over the sea as they are not found here.

<<R109>>
Oleum nardinum das fleußt in Indea auß einem stein nit als man sagt. Mann macht es also. Man nymbt spicanardi gancz vnd seudt in in wasser mit öl, als ir vor vernomenn habt, zu einem stampfftenn wein vnd lest es darnach czweinczig tag darInnen ligenn. Wenn dann die krafft gancz in das öl kumbt, so ring es auß vnd behalt es. Es hilfft furr alle seuchenn, die von kalter naturr komenn, vnd hilfft zu der dewung.

/Oleum nardinum/ does not flow from a stone in India, as people say. It is made thus. You take whole spikenard and boil it in water with oil, as you heard before, add it to a freshly pressed [?] wine and let it lie in there for twenty days. When the force has passed into the oil entirely, wring it out and keep it. It helps against all diseases that come from a cold nature and aids digestion.

<<R110>>
Oleum ruteleon macht man von den rautenn, als die
schelhein mit den rawtenn pleternn sol man zu
sammenn siedenn mit einem senfften wein vnd öl,
vnd laß es czweinczig tag also darInnenn stenn,
so ring es dann auß vnd behalt es. Es ist gut
vnd heyß in dem vierden grad.

/Oleum ruteleon/ is made from rue. The shells are boiled together with the rue leaves in mild wine and oil. Let it stand for twenty days, wring it out and keep it. It is good and hot in the fourth degree.

<<R111>>
Oleum castreleon. Castorium macht man also. Die
bibergeyl soll man sieden in öl mit sanfftem
wein. Man darff das nit ringenn, wann die pibergeil
zufert all garr. Das öl ist gut epilenticis.
Epilempsia ist ein seuch in dem hirnn vnd verirret
den menschen seinerr synne. Auch ist es gut
furr das gicht, es sterckt vnd gibt crafft allen
gelidernn.

/Oleum castreleon/. /Castorium/ is made thus. The castoreum is boiled in oil with mild wine. It must not be wrung because the castoreum falls apart entirely. The oil is good for epileptics. Epilepsy is a disease of the brain and confuses the senses of people. It is also good against the gout and fortifies and gives strength to all limbs.

<<R112>>
Oleum anetileon. Anetum heyßt tille, des samen zu
stoß man ein teyl in o:el zu einem senfftenn wein
vnd ring das auß. Das ist gut, als ich vor gesprochenn,
als man hie vernomenn hat. Also soll man
machen die öl, es sey von kraut oder vonn czelchein,
von plumen oder von wurczelnn.
Item wer do wil machenn oleum muscatellinum oder
nardinum oder ruteleon oder welcher
hand es sey, der nem das kraut, plumen oder holcz
vnd stoß das nit vnd leg es in öl drey stund alsouil
zusampt denn weine vnd laß es darynnen ligen
dreyssig tag vnd faulen. Ye lenger es ligt, ye pesser
es wirt. Dann so ring man es durch vnd behalt
das öl.

/Oleum anetileon/. /Anetum/ means dill, the seeds of which are /ein teyl/ (one part?) ground with oil (and added?) to mild wine and wrung out. This is good as I said before and has been heard here. Thus shall the oil be made, be it from the greens or the shells the flowers or roots. Also, those who want to make /oleum muscatellinum/ or /Nardinum/ or /ruteleon/ or whatever kind it be shall take the greens, flowers or wood and do not grind it, and put it into oil for three hours and as much wine as oil and solids together [?]. Let it lie in there and rot for thirty days. The longer it lies, the better it gets. Then it is wrung out and the oil is kept.

<<R113>>
Item wenn man von samenn will öl machenn, so soll
man den samen stoßenn vnd in sieden, wie vor gesagt
ist, so ist meyenn putternn gut darzu, wann sie
ist gut vnd heylsam. Dar vmb werr des öls nit mag
gehabenn, der nem meyen putternn.

If you wish to make oil from seed, grind it and boil it as described above. May butter is good for this because it is good and healthy. Therefore those who have no oil can use May butter.